Voltage Variation Analysis by Using Gabor Transform

Voltage variations which include voltage sag, swell and interruption are simulated and analyzed in this paper. Various types of parametric equation are generated with the help of MATLAB software. Simulated signals are studies by using time-frequency distribution (TFD) technique. The TFD method used in this paper is the Gabor transform which is less applied by the researchers. The signal parameters used in this paper are the RMS voltage and instantaneous power can be extracted from the TFR to study the distinctives of the voltage variations. The parameters extracted can detect the voltage variation signals successfully. The voltage variation signals are successfully detected by using the K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) algorithm with the implementation of signal parameters extracted as the input on the classifier. The voltage variations waveforms as well as the signal parameters obtained are suitable to be further analyzed

Investigating the relationship between Malaysian rugby sevens match officials physical fitness and performance

The objective of this study is is to investigate the relationship between rugbgby match officials physical fitness to their perfor formance. 132 rugby side match official seven wewere selected as the respondent of the study. ANOANOVA indicated no significant differences [F = (3, 128) = 0.322, p = 0.809] in physical fitness ac across age level but there is a significant difference erences [F = (3, 128) = 60.903, p < 0.05] across experience level. Highly experienced mat match officials scored significantly higher in physica ical fitness compared to less experienced match match officials. There is a positive and significant relationshi lationship between physical fitness (r = 0.64, p < 0.05) to match official performance. Finally, physical fitness are important for rugby sevens evens match officials and it must considered as criteria in de iteria in determining match official grades. Keywords: physical fitness; performance; match official; rugb

Potential Effects on Large Mara Construction Projects Due To Construction Delay

The construction industry continues to be the driving force in the growth of the nation’s socio economic development. One of the major issues in large construction industry is its frequent delay where this delay decelerates the multiplier effects to the economy. This paper presents the study of a survey on significant cause of delay and its effects in large MARA (Majlis Amanah Rakyat) construction project in the views of project management consultants (PMC). Respondents of this survey were personnel that work as PMC ranging from the executives, managerial and supporting groups. The result revealed that the five most significant delay causes as seen by PMC were cash flow and financial difficulties faced by contractors, contractor’s poor site management, inadequate contractor experience, shortage of site workers and ineffective planning and scheduling by contractors and its three most significant effects were time overrun, cost overrun and arbitration. Hopefully, the findings of this study will at least shade some lights to the problems faced by Malaysia construction industry particularly MARA large construction project and effort can be taken to improve it

Effect of Particle Size Distribution of Cohesionless Soil and Pile Diameter on the Behavior of Open Ended Pipe Piles

Pipe piles are normally used in deep foundations to transfer the structure load to stronger layer beneath the ground or to rock formations. More popular applications of pipe piles are marine construction (offshore structures), bridge piers construction and building construction. This research is conducted to study the effect of grain size distribution of cohesionless soil (i.e. fine, medium and coarse sand) on the ultimate load capacity of pipe piles with different diameters under dry and fully saturated state through an experimental model. Also, Degree of soil plugging behaviors for different pipe pile diameters and saturation conditions (i.e. dry, fully saturated conditions) for different particle size distribution was studied. Karbala sand, were used as a natural soil in the present study, it is poorly graded clean sand of rounded particles. The sandy soil is sieved to obtain a fine, medium and coarse graded according to (ASTM D 422-02). The experimental model tests conducted on four open-ended steel pipe piles models with diameters of (25, 30, 35 and 41mm) embedded within different grain size distribution of sand prepared under dry and fully saturated conditions with relative density of 65%. The results shows that, the ultimate load capacity of open-ended pipe piles embedded within medium grain size exerted higher bearing capacity than the other grain size distribution and increased with increasing piles diameters. The increasing values of the ultimate load carrying capacity for different pipe pile diameters under dry conditions are almost greater than that of saturated conditions by about (1.95-2.4) times for fine sand, (2.36-3.04) times for medium sand and (1.62-1.97) times for coarse sand. Furthermore, Plug Length Ratio PLR (which is the proportion of a soil plug length to the pile penetration depth) was measured for different pile diameters, and it was found that the length of soil column increases gradually with the increasing of a piles diamete

A Utilisation of Improved Gabor Transform for Harmonic Signals Detection and Classification Analysis

This paper presents a utilization of improved Gabor transform for harmonic signals detection and classification analysis in power distribution system.  The Gabor transform is one of time frequency distribution technique with a capability of representing signals in jointly time-frequency domain and known as time frequency representation (TFR). The estimation of spectral information can be obtained from TFR in order to identify the characteristics of the signals. The detection and classification of harmonic signals for 100 unique signals with numerous characteristic of harmonics with support of rule-based classifier and threshold setting that been referred to IEEE standard 1159 2009. The accuracy of proposed method is determined by using MAPE and the outcome demonstrate that the method gives high accuracy of harmonic signals classification. Additionally, Gabor transform also gives 100 percent correct classification of harmonic signals. It is verified that the proposed method is accurate and cost efficient in detecting and classifying harmonic signals in distribution system

Towards the development of a strategy for a national spatial data infrastructure

In today's world of ever advancing technology the time is precisely right for investment in the development and implementation of a national spatial data infrastructure. This implies that all spatial data presently scattered in different departments and organisations are coordinated and shared. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia there are a number of different mapping and Geographic Information System (GIS) activities being implemented within various government organisations, each with its own merits. Certain research and pilot projects have also been carried out aiming to provide help and recommendations with regard to spatial data sharing and to promote awareness of the importance of spatial data to the Kingdom's development. However, there is an urgent need for a consolidation of effort to avoid the costly mistake of duplication of work; hence the need for a unified national spatial data infrastructure. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework for a strategy for a national spatial data infrastructure (SNSDI) including its main components. A proposal is presented for a Saudi national spatial data infrastructure (which happens to have the same abbreviation - SNSDI) to consolidate isolated mapping and spatial data efforts in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in place of the current practice of each agency acting independently. This research project will hopefully provide a leadership role in developing a Kingdom-wide spatial data infrastructure

Establishing reliability of performance indicator of sepak takraw using notational analysis

The aim of this study is to establish the necessary reliability in the notational analysis of sepak takraw. Two performance analysts were recruited to help in the collection of the data. The performances  were  analyzed based  on  the  main performance  indicators  relevant  to  the demand of the game. Cronbach’s alpha and Cohen’s kappa reliability testing was implemented to test the reliability of the information collected. The results for reliability shows [α = 0.91 and K = 0.89 (0.092, 95%), p < 0.05] respectively, which confirmed the reliability of the information  collected  from the  analysis.  This  paper  has revealed  that  reliability  in  the notational analysis could be achieved. Performance analysts should ensure the reliability of their analysis before being relayed to the coach.Keywords: sepak takraw; performance indicators; notational analysis; reliabilit

Spectrogram Based Window Selection for the Detection of Voltage Variation

This paper presents the application of spectrogram with K-nearest neighbors (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for window selection and voltage variation classification. The voltage variation signals such as voltage sag, swell and interruption are simulated in Matlab and analyzed in spectrogram with different windows which are 256, 512 and 1024. The variations analyzed by spectrogram are displayed in time-frequency representation (TFR) and voltage per unit (PU) graphs. The parameters are calculated from the TFR obtained and be used as inputs for KNN and SVM classifiers. The signals obtained are then added with noise (0SNR and 20SNR) and used in classification. The tested data contain voltage variation signals obtained using the mathematical models simulated in Matlab and the signals added with noise. Classification accuracy of each window by each classifier is obtained and compared along with the TFR and voltage PU graphs to select the best window to be used to analyze the best window to be used to analyze the voltage variation signals in spectrogram. The results showed window 1024 is more suitable to be used

An Improved Detection and Classification Technique of Harmonic Signals in Power Distribution by Utilizing Spectrogram

This paper introduces an improved detection and classification technique of harmonic signals in power distribution using time-frequency distribution (TFD) analysis which is spectrogram.  The spectrogram is an appropriate approach to signify signals in jointly time-frequency domain and known as time frequency representation (TFR). The spectral information of signals can be observed and estimated plainly from TFR due to identify the characteristics of the signals. Based on rule-based classifier and the threshold settings that referred to IEEE Standard 1159 2009, the detection and classification of harmonic signals for 100 unique signals consist of various characteristic of harmonics are carried out successfully. The accuracy of proposed method is examined by using MAPE and the result show that the technique provides high accuracy. In addition, spectrogram also gives 100 percent correct classification of harmonic signals. It is proven that the proposed method is accurate, fast and cost efficient for detecting and classifying harmonic signals in distribution system

An Analysis of Harmonic and Interharmonic Contribution of Electric Arc Furnace by Using Periodogram

Fast and accurate detection of the harmonic and interharmonic contribution of electric arc furnace (EAF) is crucial in identifying and to mitigate the undesired effects to the system.  In this paper, periodogram, a fast and accurate technique is introduced for the analysis of the contribution. Based on a rule-based classifier and the threshold settings that referred to the IEEE Standard 1159 2009, the analysis of the harmonic and interharmonic contribution of EAF are carried out successfully. Moreover, the impact of contribution is measured using total harmonic distortion (THD) and total non-harmonic distortion (TnHD). In addition, periodogram also gives 100 percent correct detection and able to analyze the contribution impact. It is proven that the proposed method is accurate, fast and cost efficient for analyzing the impact of harmonic and interharmonic of EAF