181 research outputs found
Fragility of String Orders
One-dimensional gapped systems are often characterized by a 'hidden'
non-local order parameter, the so-called string order. Due to the gap,
thermodynamic properties are robust against a weak higher-dimensional coupling
between such chains or ladders. To the contrary, we find that the string order
is not stable and decays for arbitrary weak inter-chain or inter-ladder
coupling. We investigate the vanishing of the order for three different
systems: spin-one Haldane chains, band insulators, and the transverse-field
Ising model. Using perturbation theory and bosonization, we show that the
fragility of the string order arises from non-local commutation relations
between the non-local order parameter and the perturbation.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Published versio
Interaction effects between impurities in low dimensional spin-1/2 antiferromagnets
We are considering the interplay between several non-magnetic impurities in
the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet in chains, ladders and planes by
introducing static vacancies in numerical quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The
effective potential between two and more impurities is accurately determined,
which gives a direct measure of the quantum correlations in the systems. Large
effective interaction potentials are an indication of strong quantum
correlations in the system and reflect the detailed nature of the valence bond
ground states. In two-dimensions (2D) the interactions are smaller, but can
still be analyzed in terms of valence bonds.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted by Europhys. Lett. The latest pdf file
is available at http://www.physik.uni-kl.de/eggert/papers/interact2d.pd
Morphological cells in the Ragusa littoral (Sicily, Italy)
Geomorphologic information, topographic maps
(dated 1967), aerial photographs (dated 1999 and 2008), and
spatial analysis procedures were used to investigate a 90 km
long coastal sector in South Sicily (Italy). Information was
obtained on coastal erosion/accretion areas, general sediment
circulation pattern and littoral cell distribution. Human-made
structures and natural headlands constituted important artificial
limits dividing littoral in morphological cells. Ports and
harbours were observed at Scoglitti, Punta Secca, Marina di
Ragusa, Donnalucata and Pozzallo. Most of them worked as
“transit” limits which interrupted predominant, eastward directed
sedimentary transport, this way generating accretion in
updrift (west) side of mentioned structures and erosion in
downdrift (east) side. During the 1967–2008 period, about
62,000 m2 and 42,000 m2 of beach surface were respectively
formed updrift of Scoglitti and Donnalucata ports. The construction
of Pozzallo port gave rise to the formation of a
“convergent” limit which favoured large accretion
(94,000 m2) east of port structure. Most important natural
structures were observed at Punta Zafaglione, P. Braccetto
and Cava d’Aliga. The knowledge of littoral cell distribution
acquires a great importance for appropriate management of
coastal erosion processes which may be mitigated installing
by-passing systems in ports and harbours and carrying out
nourishment works in eroding areas, often located downdrift
of ports and harbours (when these structures work as transit
limits) and in central part of littoral cells (when these structures
work as convergent limits)
Reply to J.J. Muñoz-Perez et al. Comments on “Confirmation of beach accretion by grain-size trend analysis: Camposoto beach, Cádiz, SWSpain” by E. Poizot et al. (2013) Geo-Marine Letters 33(4)
In a novel finding for a beach environment, Poizot
et al. (2013) identified an FB+ trend (sediments becoming
finer, better sorted and more positively skewed upshore) on a
well-developed swash bar on the upper foreshore of the
Camposoto beach of Cádiz in SW Spain. In their Discussion
of that paper, Muñoz-Perez et al. (2014) provide some
supporting arguments and also report grain-size, beach profile
and other data from nearby beaches which differ from those of
Poizot and colleagues for Camposoto beach, pointing out that
a trend observed on one beach may not apply to a
neighbouring beach. However, even though the absolute
values differ, the overall trends actually do show the same
general behaviour. In our Reply to their comments, we also
address some difficulties in comparing granulometric datasets
generated by different analytical techniques
Confirmation of beach accretion by grain-size trend analysis: Camposoto beach, Cádiz, SW Spain
An application of the grain size trend analysis
(GSTA) is used in an exploratory approach to characterize
sediment transport on Camposoto beach (Cádiz, SW Spain).
In May 2009 the mesotidal beach showed a well-developed
swash bar on the upper foreshore, which was associated
with fair-weather conditions prevailing just before and during
the field survey. The results were tested by means of an
autocorrelation statistical test (index I of Moran). Two sedimentological
trends were recognized, i.e. development towards
finer, better sorted and more negatively skewed
sediment (FB–), and towards finer, better sorted and less
negatively or more positively skewed sediment (FB+). Both
vector fields were compared with results obtained from
more classical approaches (sand tracers, microtopography
and current measurements). This revealed that both trends
can be considered as realistic, the FB+ trend being identified
for the first time in a beach environment. The data demonstrate
that, on the well-developed swash bar, sediment
transported onshore becomes both finer and better sorted
towards the coast. On the lower foreshore, which exhibits a
steeper slope produced by breaking waves, the higherenergy
processes winnow out finer particles and thereby
produce negatively skewed grain-size distributions. The upper
foreshore, which has a flatter and smoother slope, is
controlled by lower-energy swash-backwash and overwash
processes. As a result, the skewness of the grain-size distributions
evolves towards less negative or more positive
values. The skewness parameter appears to be distributed
as a function of the beach slope and, thus, reflects variations
in hydrodynamic energy. This has novel implications for
coastal management
Análisis y desarrollo de una herramienta para el manejo de los operadores del álgebra relacional
El estudio de las bases de datos relacionales forma parte de la currícula de las carreras de Informática. Más precisamente, los lenguajes de consulta constituyen una parte importante de estos estudios. Actualmente, en el espacio curricular "Base de Datos" de la carrera de Ingeniería en Informática de la Facultad de Tecnología y Ciencias Aplicadas de la Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, se enfrenta el problema de no contar con una herramienta precisa y multiplataforma para realizar consultas aplicando los operadores del Álgebra Relacional. Por este motivo surgió la inquietud de desarrollar una nueva herramienta de software educativo que sea capaz de solucionar el problema mencionado. Se continúa con el trabajo "Análisis comparativo de herramientas para la enseñanza del Álgebra Relacional" presentado en el "Primer Congreso Internacional de Educación en Ciencia y Tecnología", realizado en la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UNCa), actualizando los resultados obtenidos y realizando nuevos estudios comparativos.Eje: Tecnología Informática Aplicada en Educación.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic
Pie diabético: tasas de mortalidad en pacientes con amputaciones mayores
Introducción: Las amputaciones mayores provocan una elevada tasa de morbimortalidad. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar la tasa de mortalidad al mes, y a los 2 y 5 años de una amputación por pie diabético y comparar la tasa de mortalidad en pacientes con amputación infrarrotuliana o supracondílea.
Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó retrospectivamente a 60 pacientes con 64 amputaciones mayores, operados entre 2010 y 2018. Se reunió la siguiente información: datos personales, lateralidad, puntaje de la clasificación de la Universidad de Texas, análisis bioquímicos, estudio Doppler, comorbilidades, supervivencia y causa del óbito. Se calculó la tasa de mortalidad general y por tipo de amputación al mes, a los 2 y 5 años.
Resultados: Se realizaron 58 amputaciones en hombres y 6, en mujeres (37 derechas, 27 izquierdas), 39 fueron supracondíleas, y 25 infrarrotulianas. La edad promedio era de 68 años. Hubo 28 óbitos: 15 pacientes con amputación supracondílea y 13 con amputación infrarrotuliana. Las tasas de mortalidad fueron: 13,33% al mes; 33,3% a los 2 años y 46,42% a los 5 años (pacientes con amputación supracondílea 26,78%; pacientes con amputación infrarrotuliana 19,64%). Las diferencias en los niveles de creatinina de los pacientes que murieron fueron estadísticamente significativas. Las principales causas de muerte fueron las complicaciones cardiovasculares.
Conclusiones: Las tasas de mortalidad fueron significativamente superiores en los pacientes con amputación supracondílea. La tasa de mortalidad al mes relacionada con sepsis fue alta. Los enfermos renales tuvieron una tasa de mortalidad mayor
Condensed Matter Theory of Dipolar Quantum Gases
Recent experimental breakthroughs in trapping, cooling and controlling
ultracold gases of polar molecules, magnetic and Rydberg atoms have paved the
way toward the investigation of highly tunable quantum systems, where
anisotropic, long-range dipolar interactions play a prominent role at the
many-body level. In this article we review recent theoretical studies
concerning the physics of such systems. Starting from a general discussion on
interaction design techniques and microscopic Hamiltonians, we provide a
summary of recent work focused on many-body properties of dipolar systems,
including: weakly interacting Bose gases, weakly interacting Fermi gases,
multilayer systems, strongly interacting dipolar gases and dipolar gases in 1D
and quasi-1D geometries. Within each of these topics, purely dipolar effects
and connections with experimental realizations are emphasized.Comment: Review article; submitted 09/06/2011. 158 pages, 52 figures. This
document is the unedited author's version of a Submitted Work that was
subsequently accepted for publication in Chemical Reviews, copyright American
Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published
work, a link will be provided soo
The Zoning of Semi-Enclosed Bodies of Water According to the Sediment Pollution: The Bay of Algeciras as a Case Example
This paper reports a study of the occurrence and
levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a bay
characterised by a chronic persistent impact. A total of 55
sediment samples were taken at different depths up to
111 m in two sampling campaigns. Chemical analyses were
carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The
results indicate that: (1) significant spatial variations exist,
(2) levels of PAHs are related more strongly to the spatial
distribution of sediments than to mineralogy/granulometry,
(3) the sediments are slightly-to-moderately contaminated
by PAHs, and (4) these PAHs derive from pyrolytic and
petrogenic sources. Through use of an innovative data
classification system (proposed according to depth and
spatial location of sampling points), and using factorial and
cluster techniques, five zones have been differentiated
depending on the contamination level and source
Andalusia, Spain: An Assessment of Coastal Scenery
The 1101 km length of the Andalusian coast (Spain) was assessed for coastal
scenery at 45 specific locations. Selected areas covered resort (3), urban (19), village (8), rural
(10) and remote (5) bathing areas. Scenery was analyzed for physical and human parameters via
26 selected parameters. These parameters were obtained by interviews of 4500 people on
European beaches. Each parameter was assessed via a one-to-five-point attribute scale, which
essentially ranged from presence/absence or poor quality (1), to excellent/outstanding (5).
Results were subsequently weighted by interviewing 4600 bathing area users (not all 26
parameters have equal weight) and subjected to fuzzy logic mathematics in order to reduce
recorder subjectivity. High weighted averages for attributes 4 and 5 (excellent/outstanding)
reflected high scenic quality, vice versa for attributes 1 and 2. Sites were classified into five classes
ranging from Class 1 sites having top grade scenery to Class 5, poor scenery. Seven sites each
were found in Classes 1 and 2; 10 sites each in Classes 3 and 5; 11 sites in Class 4. The finest
coastal scenery was found in remote areas whilst urban areas scored mainly as Class 3 or 4. Three
out of the ten rural sites had Class 3 and 4 values assigned them whereas the rest scored as Class 1
and 2; village sites invariably had scores within Class 3 and 4. Of the three resort sites
investigated, one scored as a Class 1 site, the others as Class 3
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