Analysis of vibration induced error in turbulence velocity measurements from an aircraft wing tip boom

The effect of rolling motion of a wing on the magnitude of error induced due to the wing vibration when measuring atmospheric turbulence with a wind probe mounted on the wing tip was investigated. The wing considered had characteristics similar to that of a B-57 Cambera aircraft, and Von Karman's cross spectrum function was used to estimate the cross-correlation of atmospheric turbulence. Although the error calculated was found to be less than that calculated when only elastic bendings and vertical motions of the wing are considered, it is still relatively large in the frequency's range close to the natural frequencies of the wing. Therefore, it is concluded that accelerometers mounted on the wing tip are needed to correct for this error, or the atmospheric velocity data must be appropriately filtered

In vivo nematicidal potential of camel milk on Heligmosomoides polygyrus gastro-intestinal nematode of rodents

Following our previous fi ndings on the in vitro anthelmintic effect of camel milk on Haemonchus contortus, the current study aimed at investigating its in vivo effect. Investigations were carried out using mice infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus which is a parasite commonly used to test the effi cacy of anthelmintics. Thirty six Swiss white mice of both sexes aged 5 – 6 weeks old, and weighing between 20 and 25 g were orally infected with 0.5 ml dose of 100, 1-week-old H. polygyrus infective larvae (L3 ). After the pre-patent period, infected animals were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6 animals each. The nematicidal effi cacy of camel milk was monitored through faecal egg count reduction (FECR) and total worm count reduction (TWCR). Four doses (8.25; 16.5; 33.0; 66.0 ml/kg body weight (bw)) for fresh camel milk and 22 mg/kg bw for albendazole were studied using a bioassay. Albendazole and 4 % dimethylsulfoxide were included in the protocol as reference drug and placebo, respectively. For all tested doses except 8.25 ml/kg bw, camel milk was effective in vivo against H. polygyrus reducing both faecal egg count and worm count (p < 0.05). The dose 66 ml/kg bw showed the highest nematicidal activity causing a 76.75 % FECR and a 69.62 % TWCR 7 day after initiating the treatment. These results support the possible use of camel milk in the control of gastro-intestinal helminthiasis

Les cellulites cervico-faciales d’origine dentaire: a propos de 150 cas

Les cellulites cervico-faciales d’origine dentaire sont des infections des tissus cellulo-adipeux, de la face et du cou, ayant des potentialités extensives pouvant parfois être graves et engager le pronostic vital. Le but de ce travail est d’étudier le profil épidémioclinique et paraclinique de nos patients, d’évaluer leur prise en charge thérapeutique et leur évolution. Notre étude est rétrospective et a porté sur 150 cas de cellulites cervico-faciales d’origine dentaire colligés sur 10 ans entre 1997 et 2006. La prise en charge thérapeutique était médico-hirurgicale. Les cellulites cervico-faciales d’origine dentaire sont une pathologie potentiellement grave dont la prise en charge est coûteuse et les répercussions socio-professionnelles et économiques sont lourdes d’où l’intérêt d’une politique de prévention efficace et ciblée visant à réduire la morbidité liée à ces infections.Mots clés : cellulites cervicale et faciale, infections dentaire, prévention

Evaluation des facteurs pronostiques pouvant influencer les resultats d’une septoplastie

Introduction :Une des principales étiologies de l’obstruction nasale est la déviation septale, dont le traitement chirurgical est la septoplastie. mais d’autres étiologies peuvent être à l’origine d’une obstruction nasale, notamment une hypertrophie des cornets, des végétations adénoïdes hypertrophiques, une polypose nasale, etc. Les critères de sélection sur lesquels se base un chirurgien pour décider de pratiquer une septoplastie, sont essentiellement basés sur l’évaluation clinique. Le but de nôtre travail est d’évaluer ces critères cliniques ainsi que les critères dermographiques pouvant influencer les résultats de la septoplastie.Patients et méthodes : On a évalué tous les patients qui ont eu une septoplastie dans les 2 à 10 dernières années. Les données cliniques ont été revues afin de préciser le siège de la déformation septale initiale, sa sévérité dictée par le chirurgien et les résultats fonctionnels de la septoplastie.Résultats et : les patients ayant une déviation septale antérieure ont rapporté le plus d’amélioration après septoplastie. Toutefois il ressort de notre étude qu’une sélection des patients basée uniquement sur l’évaluation clinique par le chirurgien de l’importance de la déviation septale est à l’origine d’un taux important d’insatisfaction des patientsObjective : a common etiology of nasal obstruction is deviation of the nasal septum, for witch septoplasty is the definitive treatment. But nasal obstruction can be caused by other conditions, such as turbinate hypertrophy, adenoid hypertrophy, and nasal polyposis. The surgeons’ selection criteria for septoplasty largely rely on clinical judgment alone. The aim of our study was to evaluate if this clinical criteria and the demographics ones could influence the results of septoplasty.Patients and methods :We evaluate all patients who underwent septoplasty in the past 2 to 10 years. Clinical files were reviewed to establish the initial type of septal deformity, its severity dictated by the surgeon and the functional results of septoplasty.Results and Conclusion : Subjects with anterior septal deformities were shown to benefit the most from septoplasty. However, selection of patients based on clinical evaluation alone does carry a considerable risk of patient dissatisfaction with end results

Facteurs predictifs d’atteinte ganglionnaire centrale dans les cancers differencies de la thyroïde. Analyses univariée et multivariée

Les cancers papillaires et vésiculaires de la thyroïde sont les cancers endocriniens les plus fréquents. L’envahissement ganglionnaire semble peu influencer la survie globale, mais majore les risques de récidive locorégionale et de métastases à distance. Cet envahissement est une complication fréquente des cancers papillaires de la thyroïde, moins rapporté dans les cancers vésiculaires. il implique un évidement ganglionnaire qui n’est pas sans risques. Pour déterminer les moyens de limiter les curages ganglionnaires, nous avons tenté de déterminer les critères per opératoires prédictifs de métastase ganglionnaire centrale et ainsi identifier les patients qui doivent bénéficier de cette procédure. Notre étude est une étude rétrospective portant sur 71 patients (49 femmes et 22 hommes) traités entre 2000 et 2011d’un cancer différencié de la thyroïde de type papillaire ou vésiculaire. Après analyse des critères épidémiologiques, cliniques et anatomopathologiques, nous avons trouvé une association significative entre l’envahissement extra capsulaire, l’envahissement ganglionnaire latéral, la bilatéralité et l’envahissement ganglionnaire central. un évidemment ganglionnaire central prophylactique doit donc être particulièrement considéré chez ces patients.Mots clés : carcinome thyroïdien, évidement ganglionnaire, métastase ganglionnaire.Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas are the most common form of endocrine carcinomas. Lymph node involvement seems to be a low risk factor for death, but it increases the risk for loco-regional recurrences and distant metastasis. Lymph node involvement is a common complication of papillary thyroid carcinoma, less reported in vesicular carcinoma. il involves node dissection and its resulting morbidity. To determine means of limiting lymph node dissections, we attempted to determine intra-operative criteria predictive of node metastasis and soidentify the patients likely to benefit from this procedure. Our study is a retrospective study of 71 patients (49 women and 22 men) treated between 2000 and 2011 from differentiated thyroid cancer (papillary or follicular).After analyses of the demographic, clinical and anatomopathological factors, we found a significant association among extra capsular invasion, lateral lymphnode metastasis, bilaterality, and central compartment lymph node metastasis. A prophylactic neck dissection of the central compartment should be considered particularly in these patients.Keyswords : thyroid carcinoma, lymph node dissection, lymph node metastases

Tuberculose lymphonodale cervicale chez les enfants vaccines par le BCG

La tuberculose ganglionnaire cervicale est une localisation extrapulmonaire relativement fréquente chez l’enfant. Elle pose essentiellement des difficultés de prévention. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier les particularités diagnostiques et thérapeutiques chez des enfants vaccinés par le BCG.Matériel et méthodes: Nôtre étude rétrospective porte sur 23 cas de tuberculose ganglionnaire chez des enfants vaccinés, colligés sur une période de 10 ans allant de 2002 à 2011.Résultats : La moyenne d’âge des enfants était de 8 ans. Le délai de consultation était en moyenne de 1 mois. Seize enfants présentaient une polyadénopathie cervicale bilatérale. L’échographie cervicale a objectivé une nécrose intra ganglionnaire dans 17 cas. Le diagnostic de tuberculose ganglionnaire a été confirmé par l’examen anatomopathologique d’une pièce d’adénectomie dans tous les cas. Aucun des enfants n’a présenté de forme grave ou compliquée. Un traitement antituberculeux selon le schéma national a été instauré dans tous les cas. L’évolution a été favorable dans tous les cas.Conclusion : Malgré tous les efforts déployés par notre pays pour la lutte contre la tuberculose, cette dernière sévit toujours à l’état endémique. La vaccination par le BCG a permis de diminuer considérablement le nombre des formes graves mais ne protège pas parfaitement contre cette maladie.MOTS CLES : Tuberculose; enfant; Adénopathie cervicale; Adénectomie.The cervical lymph node tuberculosis is a extrapulmonary form relatively common in children, it poses difficulties essentially preventive. The purpose of this work was to study the diagnostic and therapeutic features in children vaccinated with BCG.Material and Methods: Our study is retrospective including 23 cases of lymph node tuberculosis in vaccinated children, collected over a period of 10 years from 2002 to 2011.Results: The average age of the children was 8 years old. The consultation delay was on average 1 month. Sixteen children had bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound cervical objectified intra nodal necrosis in 17 cases. The diagnosis of lymph node tuberculosis was confirmed by histological examination of a piece of lymphadenectomy in all cases. None of the children presented with severe or complicated form. All patients were treated according to the national scheme. The outcome was favorable in all cases.Conclusion: Despite all efforts by our country in the fight against tuberculosis, the latter sévie still endemic. BCG vaccination has reduced considerably the number of severe but does not protect completely against this disease.KEYWORDS: Tuberculosis; Child; Cerical adenopathy; Adenectomy

Carcinome hybride de la fosse nasale

Hybrid carcinoma is a rare neoplasm, accounting for less than 0.1% of all registered tumors in salivary glands. Up to now, only one case of hybrid carcinoma of the nasal cavity has been described. In this report, we describe a case of hybrid carcinoma composed of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma with an adenoid cystic carcinoma component occurring in the nasal cavity in a 56-year-old woman. Caldwell-Luc means resection was performedand the patient revisited because of the tumor recurrence within two years of evolution. A second surgery was accomplished by means of Red Denker and a adjuvant radiation therapy is envisaged. We have not enough detachmentto speak about actual evolution. It is in our knowledge the second case of hybrid tumor of the nasal cavity described in the literature. Hybrid carcinoma of the nasal cavity is possible although rare. Therefore recognition of other component that is more aggressive and has a worse prognosis has therapeutic and prognostic ramifications.Keywords: Carcinoma; hybrid; tumors of nasal cavity

Osteomyelite atypique ou centrale de la base du crane d’origine sinusienne

Introduction : L’ostéomyélitede la base du crâne esttypiquement secondaire à une otite externe nécrosante chez des patients âgés, diabétiques. Elle atteint l’os temporal et est habituellement due au pseudomonasaeruginosa. Dans sa forme atypique, l’ostéomyélite atteint les os sphénoïdal ou occipital sans otite externe associéeet est beaucoup moins fréquente. Le but de cette étude est d’analyser les caractéristiques cliniques et de déterminer les modalités thérapeutiques de l’ostéomyélite nonotologique de la base du crâne.Méthodes : Nous avons revu rétrospectivement deux casd’ostéomyélite atypique de la base du crâne.Résultats : Les deux patients se sont présentés dans un tableau d’altération de l’état général, une asthénie, des céphalées et de la fièvre. Les signes rhinologiques étaient discrets. Aucun des deux patients n’avait de déficit neurologique. L’imagerie avait montré une destruction osseuse, la biologie a objectivé un syndrome infectieux et une biopsie osseuse trans sphénoïdale a confirmé le diagnostic d’ostéomyélite. Un traitement antibiotique prolongé a été instauré et les deux patients ont été guéris sans récidive moyennant un recul de 12 mois.Conclusion : l’atteinte ostéomyélitique centrale de la base du crâne est une affection rare dont la prise en charge passe par un prélèvement osseux précoce et un traitement approprié afin de prévenir ou limiter d’autres complications telles qu’une extension endocrânienne, un empyème, ou la mort.Mots Clés: Ostéomyélite; Base du crâne; sphenoïdite; IRMIntroduction : Skull base osteomyelitis typically arises as a complication of ear infection in older diabetic patients, involves the temporal bone, and has Pseudomonas aeruginosaas the usual pathogen. Atypical skull base osteomyelitis arising from the sphenoid or occipital bones without associated external otitis occurs much less frequently. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical featuresand determine efficacy of treatment for nonotologic osteomyelitis of the skull base.Methods : We retrospectively reviewed two cases of central or atypical skull base osteomyelitis.Results : The two patients presented with asthenia, headache, and fever. No patient presented with neurologic deficits. Contrary to malignant otitis externa, our cases were not preceded by immediate external infections and had normal external ear examinations. One patient had an underlying immunocompromising condition. Imaging demonstrated bone destruction, subsequent microbiological analysis diagnosed infection and a biopsy proved diagnosis of osteomyelitis, a prolonged antibiotic treatment was instored. The two patients were cured with no recurrence of skull base infection over 12-month follow-up period.Conclusion : Central skull base osteomyelitis is a rare disease whose treatment requires an early bone biopsy and appropriate treatment to prevent or limit other complications such as intracranial extension, empyema, or dead.Key Words : Osteomyelitis; Skull base; sphenoïditis; MR

Health promoting potential of herbal teas and tinctures from Artemisia campestris subsp maritima: from traditional remedies to prospective products

This work explored the biotechnological potential of the medicinal halophyte Artemisia campestris subsp. maritima (dune wormwood) as a source of health promoting commodities. For that purpose, infusions, decoctions and tinctures were prepared from roots and aerial-organs and evaluated for in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic and tyrosinase-inhibitory potential, and also for polyphenolic and mineral contents and toxicity. The dune wormwood extracts had high polyphenolic content and several phenolics were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-MS). The main compounds were quinic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids, coumarin sulfates and dicaffeoylquinic acids; several of the identified phytoconstituents are here firstly reported in this A. campestris subspecies. Results obtained with this plant's extracts point to nutritional applications as mineral supplementary source, safe for human consumption, as suggested by the moderate to low toxicity of the extracts towards mammalian cell lines. The dune wormwood extracts had in general high antioxidant activity and also the capacity to inhibit a-glucosidase and tyrosinase. In summary, dune wormwood extracts are a significant source of polyphenolic and mineral constituents, antioxidants and a-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitors, and thus, relevant for different commercial segments like the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and/or food industries.FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology [CCMAR/Multi/04326/2013]; Portuguese National Budget; FCT [IF/00049/2012, SFRH/BD/94407/2013]; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) [12M8315N]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Progress in the discovery of selective, high affinity A2B adenosine receptor antagonists as clinical candidates

The selective, high affinity A2B adenosine receptor (AdoR) antagonists that were synthesized by several research groups should aid in determining the role of the A2B AdoR in inflammatory diseases like asthma or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and angiogenic diseases like diabetic retinopathy or cancer. CV Therapeutics scientists discovered the selective, high affinity A2B AdoR antagonist 10, a 8-(4-pyrazolyl)-xanthine derivative [CVT-6883, Ki(hA2B) = 22 nM; Ki(hA1) = 1,940 nM; Ki(hA2A) = 3,280; and Ki(hA3) = 1,070 nM] that has favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties (t1/2 = 4 h and F > 35% rat). Compound 10 demonstrated functional antagonism at the A2B AdoR (KB = 6 nM) and efficacy in a mouse model of asthma. In two phase 1 clinical trials, CVT-6883 was found to be safe, well tolerated, and suitable for once daily dosing. A second compound 20, 8-(5-pyrazolyl)-xanthine, has been nominated for development from Baraldi’s group in conjunction with King Pharmaceuticals that has favorable A2B AdoR affinity and selectivity [Ki(hA2B) = 5.5 nM; Ki(hA1) > 1,000 nM; Ki(hA2A) > 1,000; and Ki(hA3) > 1,000 nM], and it has been demonstrated to be a functional antagonist. A third compound 32, a 2-aminopyrimidine, from the Almirall group has high A2B AdoR affinity and selectivity [Ki(hA2B) = 17 nM; Ki(hA1) > 1,000 nM; Ki(hA2A) > 2,500; and Ki(hA3) > 1,000 nM], and 32 has been moved into preclinical safety testing. Since three highly selective, high affinity A2B AdoR antagonists have been nominated for development with 10 (CVT-6883) being the furthest along in the development process, the role of the A2B AdoR in various disease states will soon be established