水热条件下Fe-resin在NaCl溶液中对稻草的水解

在水热条件下利用Fe-resin在Na Cl溶液中对稻草(RS)进行水解,以稻草的转化率以及还原糖(TRS)、平台化合物乙酰丙酸(LA)的收率为考察指标,探讨了影响稻草水解的因素,如反应器、稻草的目数、反应温度、反应时间、固液比、固固比、制备Fe-resin的Fe Cl3的浓度和Na Cl的用量。筛选出稻草水解的最佳反应条件为水热反应釜、0.2 g 40~60目稻草、0.15 g 10%的Fe Cl3制备的Fe-resin、反应温度200℃、反应时间5 h、固液比1∶150(g∶m L)、固固比4∶3(g∶g)和1 g Na Cl,此条件下稻草的转化率为87.5%,TRS和LA的收率分别为20.46%和7.60%,对应的理论收率分别为28.74%和10.67%。福建省科技计划项目(2015Y0080

Hydrolysis of Rice Straw Pretreated by Na2SO3 Over Fe-resin/NaCl

为了提高稻草（RS）的转化率和产物收率,采用了超声、蒸汽爆破和Na2SO3处理3种方法对稻草进行预处理（处理后的稻草分别记为CS-RS、ZQ-RS和Na2SO3-RS）,通过XRD、SEM、元素分析及化学组分含量分析,筛选出Na2SO3处理是最好的预处理方法。Na2SO3-RS在200℃下经10%Fe-resin在3.3%的NaCl溶液中水解后,转化率达到97.3%,还原糖（TRS）和平台化合物乙酰丙酸（LA）的产率分别达到为29.6%和13.5%。To increase the conversion of rice straw（RS） and the yield of products, we employed three methods, which were ultrasonic wave, steam explosion and Na2SO3 pretreatment to pretreat RS （the treated RS noted as CS-RS, ZQ-RS and Na2SO3-RS, respectively） and found that Na2SO3 treatment was the best pretreatment method based on XRD, SEM, elemental analysis and content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The conversion of Na2SO3-RS and the yield of total reducing sugar（TRS） and levulinic acid（LA） were 97.3%, 29.6% and 13.5%, respectively by 10% Fe-resin in 3.3% NaC1 solution under 200 ℃

Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5 Catalysts for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis

采用共沉积法、超声共沉积法制备Cu-Mn-SI/HzSM-5复合催化剂,并用bET、SEM、H2-TPr和XPS等手段进行了表征,考察超声处理方法对催化剂催化加氢性能的影响。结果表明,超声处理使催化剂颗粒的分散更为均匀,催化剂的比表面积增大,颗粒度更加细小。H2-TPr和XPS分析表明,经过超声处理后促进了Cu+的生成,增强了铜锰复合氧化物相互作用,有利于催化剂表面活性中心物种Cu+和Mn3+形成。Cu+和Mn3+可能共同构成了Cu-Mn-SI/HzSM-5催化剂的活性中心。Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and co-precipitation method combining with supersonic vibration, and characterized by BET, SEM, H2-TPR and XPS to analyze the physical structure and catalytic performance of the catalysts.The results showed that ultrasonic treatment can make partical uniform and tiny, and increase the special surface area.H2-TPR and XPS results suggested that it can promote the creation of Cu+ on surface of catalyst and enhance the interaction of copper-manganese compound oxide, so that active specie Cu are difficult to be reduced by ultrasonic treatment.And ultrasonic treatment could make more Cu+ and Mn3+ formed, promote the interaction of Cu+ and Mn3+.Our study indicated that active centers in Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5 catalyst may be Cu+ and/or Mn3+ species

Influence of copper content on structural features and performance of pre-reduced LaMn_(1-x)Cu_xO_3 (0≤x<1) catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO_2/H_2

A series of pre-reduced LaMn1-xCuxO3 (0≤x<1) catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation were prepared by a sol-gel method. The catalytic performances were strongly dependent on the copper content. XRD investigation revealed that the single perovskite structure could be preserved after being reduced, when the substitution for Mn by Cu was less than 50%. The Cu-doped (x=0.5) LaMnO3 was much more active than the other catalysts for reaction, showing CO2 conversion up to 11.33% and methanol selectivity close to 82.14%. The structural features of samples (x≤0.5) were studied. It was determined that copper existed as Cu+ species under reduction conditions. H2 was adsorbed on Cu+ sites and CO2 was activated on the medium CO2 active species in the lattice. The strong interaction between Cu+ and Mn inhibited the further reduction from Cu+ to Cu0 and made the fine dispersion of medium basic site to adsorb CO2, contributing to reactivity

化工专业开设新产品开发课程必要性与教学心得

本文从化工专业本科生培养目标的角度,论述了化工专业开设化工新产品开发课程的必要性,并结合化工企业技术产品创新的特点,阐述了化工新产品开发管理在化工企业研发中的重要性

Effect of Various Prepared Method on Catalytic Performance of Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5 Catalyst for CO_2 Hydrogenation

分别采用物理混和、共沉积法和超声共沉积法制备了Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5复合催化剂,并用XRD、BET、H2-TPR、H2-TPD和NH3-TPD等手段进行了表征,考察3种制备方法对催化剂催化加氢性能的影响。结果表明:超声共沉积法制备的Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5催化剂颗粒均匀、粒径小、催化性能最好。H2-TPR、H2-TPD和NH3-TPD分析表明,采用超声共沉积法制备催化剂,更能促进Cu(Ⅰ)、Cu(Ⅱ)之间的相互转换,增强了铜锰复合氧化物相互作用,有利于催化剂表面活性物种Cu+形成。同时,增强了对H2的吸附强度,使表面的酸度增强,促进了催化剂活性的提高。Cu-Mn-Si/HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared via the physical hybrid method,co-precipitation method and Ultrasonic co-precipitation method,and these catalysts were characterized by XRD,BET,H2-TPR,H2-TPDand NH3-TPD to analyse catalytic performance of the catalysts.The results showed that although sonication can not obviously change the physical structure of catalysts,it can make partical uniform and tiny,and.The results indicated that Cu-MnSi/HZSM-5 catalysts prepared by the Ultrasonic co-precipitation method had uniform grain,small grain size and the best catalytic capacity.H2-TPR,H2-TPD and NH3-TPD results suggested that it promote the creation of Cu+ on surface of catalyst and enhance the interaction of copper-manganese compound oxide so that active specie Cu are difficult to be reduced by ultrasonic co-precipitation method.At the same time,adsorption sites for H2 were increased,acidity of surface of catalyst was increased and acid sites were stronger,promoting enhancement of activity of catalyst

Effect of rutile content on photocatalytic water-splitting for hydrogen production over composite-crystal nano-TiO_2

合成了不同金红石相含量的纳米TiO2,并研究了其光催化分解水制氢的活性。结果表明,未沉积Pt时,纯锐钛矿TiO2活性最高,金红石相含量的增加导致TiO2活性下降并在下降过程中出现波动。沉积Pt后,TiO2产氢速率随金红石相含量的增加先增后减,在金红石相质量分数为9.7%时达到最高,为40.35 mmol/(gcat.h)。首次提出了金红石相含量对混晶纳米TiO2光催化分解水制氢活性的影响机理。A series of composite-crystal nano-TiO2 powder with various contents of rutile were synthesized by the sol-gel method,and were calcined at various temperatures.The effect of rutile content on photocatalytic water-splitting for hydrogen production over composite-crystal nano-TiO2 was studied in the presence of formaldehyde as sacrificial reagent.The results showed that TiO2 with pure anatase showed the best photocatalytic activity,and increase of rutile content caused a decrease of activity,during which a fluctuation was observed.As Pt was deposited on nano-TiO2 surface by the photo-reduction method,the rates of H2 evolution increased first and then decreased with the increase of rutile content.The maximum value,which reached 40.35 mmol/(gcat.h),was obtained with nano-TiO2 containing 9.7% rutile.A mechanism of the effect of rutile content on photocatalytic water-splitting for hydrogen production over composite-crystal nano-TiO2 was proposed

Study on the antibacterial performance of perovskite LaCoO_3 under visible light illumination

作者简介: 吴维维(1987 ~ ),女, 本科,主要研究方向为抗菌材料。联系人: 贾立山( 1964 ~ ), 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为光催化材料。[中文文摘]采用柠檬酸配合法制备纳米钙钛矿型LaCoO3及Sr掺杂的La0.9Sr0.1CoO3。在可见光下考察了催化剂浓度、菌液浓度对LaCoO3杀菌性能的影响。结果表明,在以30W日光灯为光源,距光源20cm处,辐照30min时,当菌液浓度为102～104cfu/mL,对大肠杆菌的杀菌率达90%以上,金黄色葡萄球菌46%。Sr掺杂后La0.9Sr0.1CoO3杀菌率分别可达98%,52%。通过XRD、SEM、DRS表征分析表明,催化剂粒径为60～80nm,在大于400nm的可见光区均有较好的吸收,Sr掺杂有助于提高杀菌效果。通过溶胶提拉法在瓷砖上附着钙钛矿膜,膜表面的杀菌率仍可保持在80%,40%以上。[英文文摘]Perovskite LaCoO3 and La0.9Sr0.1CoO3 were prepared by citrate complex method. Under the visible light,the influence of the photocatalysis activity was studied to some factors,such as the amount of catalyst,the strength of bacterial. The result showed that when the concentration of bacteria was 102-104cfu/ml and the intensity of illumination was 30W (20 cm away from the lamp),the bactericidal rate to E.coli was over 90%,while 46% to Staphylococcus aureus. Even when Sr doped the bactericidal rate of La0.9Sr0.1 CoO3 was able to reach 95% , 52%. The XRD、SEM、DRS were adopted to characterize the catalysts,which showed that they both had perovsk ite-sype and the diameter of the particle were 60~ 80 nm. Whats' more they had good absorption of the wavelength of visiblelight greater than 400 nm, especially La0.9 Sr0.1 CoO3.福建省科技计划项目(2005Y21022); 厦门大学创新实验计划项目支

Study on the antibacterial performance of perovskite LaCoO_3 under visible light illumination

作者简介: 吴维维(1987 ~ ),女, 本科,主要研究方向为抗菌材料。联系人: 贾立山( 1964 ~ ), 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为光催化材料。[中文文摘]采用柠檬酸配合法制备纳米钙钛矿型LaCoO3及Sr掺杂的La0.9Sr0.1CoO3。在可见光下考察了催化剂浓度、菌液浓度对LaCoO3杀菌性能的影响。结果表明,在以30W日光灯为光源,距光源20cm处,辐照30min时,当菌液浓度为102～104cfu/mL,对大肠杆菌的杀菌率达90%以上,金黄色葡萄球菌46%。Sr掺杂后La0.9Sr0.1CoO3杀菌率分别可达98%,52%。通过XRD、SEM、DRS表征分析表明,催化剂粒径为60～80nm,在大于400nm的可见光区均有较好的吸收,Sr掺杂有助于提高杀菌效果。通过溶胶提拉法在瓷砖上附着钙钛矿膜,膜表面的杀菌率仍可保持在80%,40%以上。[英文文摘]Perovskite LaCoO3 and La0.9Sr0.1CoO3 were prepared by citrate complex method. Under the visible light,the influence of the photocatalysis activity was studied to some factors,such as the amount of catalyst,the strength of bacterial. The result showed that when the concentration of bacteria was 102-104cfu/ml and the intensity of illumination was 30W (20 cm away from the lamp),the bactericidal rate to E.coli was over 90%,while 46% to Staphylococcus aureus. Even when Sr doped the bactericidal rate of La0.9Sr0.1 CoO3 was able to reach 95% , 52%. The XRD、SEM、DRS were adopted to characterize the catalysts,which showed that they both had perovsk ite-sype and the diameter of the particle were 60~ 80 nm. Whats' more they had good absorption of the wavelength of visiblelight greater than 400 nm, especially La0.9 Sr0.1 CoO3.福建省科技计划项目(2005Y21022); 厦门大学创新实验计划项目支

Annual change of outdoor seawater cultivation of dunaliella for biomass energy

作者简介：陈昱（1982-），男，硕士，主要从事生物质能源研究。E-mail：[email protected][中文文摘]将涨潮海水浓缩后以次氯酸钠进行消毒,添加少许氮、磷等无机盐,在室外周年养殖杜氏藻及其多个突变株,研究其在自然条件下生物量的产出和细胞内脂类的积累。结果表明,在养殖过程中,培养液的盐度、pH值以及细菌含量的变化对杜氏藻的生长没有显著影响。通过培养,不同株系杜氏藻都可以获得较高的生物量和脂类产出,特别是耐高温突变株、高脂突变株可以适应夏天室外的高温、高盐等恶劣环境,普通株在冬天尚能生长,不同特性的藻株的轮换养殖可以保证养殖场周年养殖。海水养殖有望成为一种大规模培养杜氏藻的既简单又经济的发展模式。文章为进一步开发利用杜氏藻生物质能源奠定了一定的基础。[英文文摘]Dunaliella bardawil and several mutants were cultured outdoor in concentrated seawater treated by Javel water with the addition of few nitrate and phosphate,and the biomass and lipid accumulation of Dunaliella were assessed.Dunaliella species grew well during the cultivation period,despite of the change of salinity,pH and bacteria content in seawater.High lipid and biomass productivity of Dunaliella species was obtained in our study.High temperature tolerance mutant and high lipid content mutant grew well under high temperature and high salinity of seawater in summer, while normal strain grew well in winter. Alternate cultivation of different Dunaliella strain should be carried out in all-year outdoor cultivation. It would be a simple, economic batch mode for large-scale Dunaliella cultivation using concentrated seawater, and it would contribute to further using of Dunaliella for biomass energy.福建省科技重点项目(2009N0052); 福建省重大专项前期研究项目(2005YZ1022