Biological Effects of Stevia rebaudianum Induced by Carbon Ion Implantation

对甜菊 (SteviarebaudianumBertoni)种子注入能量为 75keV、剂量为 10 14 /cm2 的碳离子 ,研究其种子萌发期产生的一系列生物学效应。注入碳离子的种子萌发率略高于对照组 ,但种苗的成活率比对照组低 (P <0 .0 2 )。运用假设检验法分析 ,结果表明注入离子的种子出苗株高显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。萌发 4d的处理组 ,叶片细胞壁增厚 ,胞间连丝扩大 ,内有高电子密度的物质沉积 ,细胞质膜皱折 ,膜上有高电子密度的沉积颗粒 ,质膜向细胞壁方向突起 ,质膜上的颗粒通过胞间连丝转移或沉积于细胞壁上。上述现象可能与注入离子的过壁运输有关 ,也可能与胼胝质的积累有关。此外 ,实验组植物的叶绿体发达 ,片层结构明显多于对照组 ,两个质体发生中心同时存在于同一个叶绿体内 ;线粒体丰富 ,内嵴发达 ;微体内可见典型的晶格排列结构。这些结果表明 ,离子注入种子以后 ,种子萌发期的合成代谢和呼吸代谢能力明显强于对照组The biological effects during seed germination were investigated after the dry seeds of Stevia rebaudianum Bertoni were implanted with carbon ion beam of 75 keV and 10 14 ions/cm 2. The results showed that the germination rate of carbon ion implanted seeds was slightly higher than that of the control, but the survival rate of the treated seedlings, on the contrary, was lower than that of the control (P<0.02), while the height of the treated seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.01). On the 4th day after germination, the leaf cell wall in the treated group was thick, some high electron_dense substance deposited in the enlarged plasmodesma; Cell membrane creased with high electron_dense granules deposited on it. The plasma membrane protruded towards cell wall, and the granules shifted via plasmodesma or deposited onto cell wall. These phenomena may be related to the conveyance of implanted ions across cell wall, or be related to the accumulation of callose. In addition, the implantation of carbon ions could increase the lamellae of the chloroplast and cause high development of the chloroplast which sometimes contained two plastid centers in an individual chloroplast. Also, the highly developed cristae, abundant mitochondria and typical crystalloid structure in microbody could be found. All these results indicated that the anabolic and catabolic activities in the seedlings implanted with carbon ions before germination were obviously more active than those in the controls.TheNationalKeyProjectofInterdiscipline ( 19890 3 0 0

新疆塔里木盆地北部高压油气层测试技术及试井分析研究

该专题系地矿部“八五”国家科技攻关项目《新疆塔里木盆地油气资源》下设课题的一级专题，编号：８５－１０１－０６－０７。专题之下又设三个二级专题。该成果包括ＤＳＴ多功能联作测试工艺技术和试井分析技术两方面。为了实现ＤＳＴ多功能联作测试，成功地开发了油管传输射孔、电子压力计与ＤＳＴ联作配套工艺研究和对逆向可取式射流泵进行研究改造等。从而将当代先进的射孔、测试、排液、测压（温度）等工艺技术有机地结合一起，形成了只需一趟作业管柱就可以优质、高效地完成油气井测试全部或大部分作业任务的多联作技术。施工试验表明该研究成果可适用于陆上、海上、直井、定向井、水平井等各类油气套管井。开展了天然裂缝油气藏探边分析和多相流试井分析研究。从修正Ｍａｖｏｒ－Ｃｉｎｃｏ的计算法入手，对适用于无限大天然裂缝储层的Ｇｅｒｉｎｇａｒｔｅｎ理论图版进行了改造，并研制出了该图版的计算机自拟合软件，在此基础上研制出了长方形、夹角形天然裂缝油气藏探边分析理论图版和相应的计算机分析软件。对多相流基本方程进行了严格的理论分析，首次完成了误差分析数学公式的推导，并在此基础上开展了油水、气水两相流试井探边分析方法研究，还针对压力恢复曲线在测试井筒相再分布时所出现畸变现象，研制出了用于解释的理论图版及计算机软件。通过上述研究，形成了一套从油气测试工艺技术、现场资料采取、数据处理分析、评价到综合分析的完整的科学试油系统，将中国油气井测试工艺和分析技术推上一个新台阶，挤身于国际先进水平的行列

Study of effects of low energy ions on content of stevia sweeteners using capillary electrophoresis

经能量75KeV,剂量为10~(14)/cm~2的碳、氮离子处理的甜菊种子及未处理的甜菊种子,栽培成苗后取叶片,提取糖苷后在相同的条件下,进行毛细管电泳定量检测,研究氮、碳离子处理后主要糖苷成分Stevioside和Rehaudioside A含量的变化。结果表明,C~+处理组Stevioside和Rebaudioside A含量明显地高于对照组,N~+处理组Stevioside含量也明显地高于对照,而C~+处理效果强于N~+。Experimental materials were two stevia seed groups by C+, N+ions with 75 KeV under the dose of 10(14)/cm2 and one group without any treatment. During the seedling stage, mature leaves were provided for obtaining steviol glycoside. The content of stevioside and Rebaudioside A of each group was studied by capillary electrophoresis. Implanted by C+ ions, the content of Stevioside and Rebaudioside A was higher than the control. While by N-+ ions, Stevioside was higher than the control. The effect of C-+ was better than N-+

Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Growth and Cell Nucleus of Stevia rebaudiana seedling

对低能氮离子注入甜菊种子引起的生长发育、细胞核和染色体形态结构的影响进行研究 .结果表明 ,能量为 75Ke V、剂量为 10 14 / cm2的氮离子束注入甜菊种子后 ,种子萌发率下降 ;幼苗期生长迟缓 ;细胞分裂指数下降 ,异常细胞核和染色体畸变增加 ,细胞核膜凹凸不平 ,核仁解聚 ,部分核质凝集并被凹陷的核膜包被成颗粒化小区 ,进而形成微核 ,细胞核的形态建成和细胞分裂受到一定的干扰 .推测这些现象与幼苗期处理种子的早期生长发育迟缓有关 .The effect of nitrogen ion implantation on the development and growth, morphological changes of cell nucleus and chromosome of seeds of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni were Studied.The result showed that the implantation of nitrogen ions at1 0 0 Ke V× 1 0 1 4 cm- 1 inhibited significantly the germinating rate and growth speed of seeds,leading to a decrease in division index of root tip cells,and increase in abnormal cell nuclei,micronuclei and chromosomes.国家自然科学基金重大资助项目!(19890 30 0

RAPD ANALYSIS of SEEDLING GENOMIC DNA VARIATIONINDUCED BY N--+ IONS IMPLANTATION IN STEVIA SEEDS

应用rAPd 技术检测经低能氮离子注入甜菊纯系种子引起的幼苗基因组dnA 变异。筛选出OPJ系列中的15 种引物对实验及对照基因组dnA 进行了PCr 扩增，共获扩增片段103 条，分子量在0.3 - 3kb 之间，其中5 种引物OPJ- 1 ，7 ，9，11 ，12 扩增出差异片段12 条。结果表明，低能氮离子注入甜菊种子可引起体内基因组dnA 发生突变；rAPd 技术是检测基因组dnA 发生诱变的一种简便、有效方法。本文同时探讨了离子强度和TAg dnA 聚合酶用量对甜菊rAPd 分析结果的影响，以及氮离子注入诱变效应的可能机制。The paper reports the genomic DNA variation induced by N+ ion implantation in Stevia seeds using RAPD analysis.The total of 103 bands has been amplified from Stevia genomic DNA with fifteen screened primers.The molecular weight of every amplified fragment is between 0.3kb and 3kb.There are twelve polymorphic bands have been amplified by four 10bp primers (OPJ-1, 7,9,11,12).The result show that implantation of N+ ion beam can induce genomic DNA variation.RAPD analysis is a simple and efficient method in detecting genomic DNA variation.The effect of different ion intensity and the quantity of Tag DNA polymerase on the result of RAPD analysis as well as the possible mechanism of biological effects induced by N+ ions implantation is also discussed.国家自然科学基金!重大项目（19890300号

Effects of Low-energy Carbon Ion Implantation on the Growth and Development of Chloroplast of Stevia rebaudiana

研究了能量为１００ ｋｅＶ，剂量为１０１５／ｃｍ ２ 的碳离子对甜菊种子萌发率、幼苗生长发育及叶绿体结构的影响．证明被注入种子出现萌发迟缓、生长速度减慢、植株株型变矮和生物量减少等生物学性状变化；幼叶细胞的叶绿体发育分化减慢、基质类囊体形成滞后、基粒数及基粒类囊体片层减少；部分幼叶细胞叶绿体膜破损、基质片层断裂直至叶绿体解体（约占二十分之一）．表明该能量剂量的碳离子注入将影响种子的生长发育，其原因之一是叶绿体发育迟缓和叶绿体的损伤．该研究为低能碳离子对甜菊诱变育种提供参考依据．This paper reports the effects of carbon ion implantation at 100 keV and 10 15 /cm 2 on the seed germination rate, development, growth, and chloroplast structure of Stevia rebaudiana seedling. The result showed the following changes of the biological characters of the ion implanted seeds in:(1) the retardation of the seed germination, the deceleration of the growth speed, the stunt of plant height, and the decrease of biomass;(2)the deceleration of differentiation and growth of the chloroplast in young leaf cells, the retardation in forming thylakoid, the decrease of the grana numbers and thylakoid lamella; and (3) the damage of the chloroplast membrane, the cleavage of stroma lamella and/or the decomposition of chloroplast(ca.5%).The experimental result proved that the carbon ion implantation at the above energy and dose surely influenced the development and growth of S. rebaudiana seed because of the lesion and development retardation of chloroplast. The study suggested a reference to the induced breeding of S. rebaudiana by low energy carbon ion implantation.国家重大项目资助!课题（19890300

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel