Research progress on the Agrobacterium-mediated medicinal microalgae genetic transformation system

农杆菌介导的遗传转化具有操作简便,转化率高,可低拷贝和大片段整合外源基因在宿主染色体上等优点,已经在植物中广泛应用。微藻作为一种重要的种质资源,是多种功能活性产物的初级生产者,在药物开发方面极具发展潜能。农杆菌介导的转化体系在部分微藻中获得成功,有效提高了药用活性产物的生产效率,改良了微藻的生理性能,为微藻药用资源的大规模工业化生产奠定了基础。本文综述了微藻来源的药用功能产物及农杆菌转化体系在微藻中的研究现状和影响转化效率的因素,并展望了该技术在药用微藻中的应用前景,为药用微藻资源的基因工程改造提供一定的参考和借鉴意义。Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation has been widely used for plants, owing to its merits such as operation simplicity, high efficiency of transformation, and transferring a large segment of foreign DNA with low copy of the transgene(s) into host chromosomes. Microalgae are known as germplasm resources and primary producers of a variety of functionally activated products. It also possesses great potential in the development of pharmaceutical exploitation. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system has been established successfully in some microalgae. This technology has efficiently increased the productivity of medicinal activated products and improved the physiological performance in microalgae, thus laying foundation for the mass production of medicinally valuable microalgae at large-scale. This paper summarizes the medicinally activated products from microalgae, the research progress on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in microalgae as well as the factors affecting transformation efficiency, the application prospect of this technique in medicinal microalgae, and ultimately providing certain reference to the genetic engineering of medicinal microalgae.海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201505032);; 厦门南方海洋研究中心项目(No.14GZP021NF21

Cry1Ab毒蛋白对亚洲玉米螟生长发育的影响[J]

为了明确Cry1Ab毒蛋白是否对亚洲玉米螟具有控害作用,采用实验种群生命表的方法,研究了Cry1Ab毒蛋白对亚洲玉米螟的生长发育和种群增长的影响.结果表明,亚洲玉米螟在各个发育阶段对高浓度(50μg/mL)的Cry1Ab毒蛋白敏感,而对低浓度(0.1 μg/mL)的Cry1Ab毒蛋白不敏感.10.0 μg/mL Cry1Ab毒蛋白处理的亚洲玉米螟幼虫历期显著低于对照和其它处理(P＜ 0.05) 50.0 μg/mL Cry1Ab毒蛋白处理的亚洲玉米螟雌成虫产卵前期、单雌产卵量和雌成虫寿命均显著低于对照(P＜0.05).1.0 μg/mL Cry1Ab毒蛋白处理的亚洲玉米螟蛹重显著低于对照(P＜0.05).50.0、10.0、1.0、0.1 μg/mL Cry1Ab毒蛋白的人工饲料处理的亚洲玉米螟净增长率显著低于对照(P＜0.05).而0.1 tμg/mL Cry1Ab毒蛋白处理的净增长率和世代平均周期均显著短于对照(P＜0.05).结果表明,Cry1Ab毒蛋白对亚洲玉米螟的种群增长有一定影响,且对亚洲玉米螟具有一定的控制作用

新疆抗虫棉区域棉铃虫庇护所的评估/Evaluation of the Refuge for Cotton Bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) in Xinjiang[J]

【目的】转 Bt 基因抗虫棉大规模种植以来，棉铃虫对转基因棉花抗性风险在逐渐上升，“庇护所”是抗性治理的有效策略之一，玉米被认为是我国棉区重要的庇护所，在新疆兵团和地方作物结构﹑耕作制度不同的情况下，系统评估玉米的庇护所功能。【方法】基于新疆作物种植统计数据(2002~2012)，通过时间序列分析﹑评估不同地区和不同管理模式下(兵团规模化种植和地方小农户模式下)，玉米种植面积变化对庇护所功能的影响，并采用方差分析南﹑北疆的兵团和地方之间是否存在差异性。【结果】南﹑北疆的庇护所―玉米种植面积间无明显差异性(P ﹥0.05)，兵团和对应地方间存在差异性(P ﹤0.01)，兵团种植比例小于地方。【结论】玉米作为棉铃虫有效庇护所不仅需要在景观尺度上考虑其种植规模和空间分布，同时在田间尺度上结合棉铃虫的生物学特性，合理布局不同的品种资源(不同熟性)和种植模式(春玉米和夏玉米；条带种植和条块种植)

新疆艾丁湖区中全新世以来孢粉记录与古环境/POLLEN RECORDS AND PALEOENVIRONMENT SINCE MID-HOLOCENE IN THE AYDINGKOL LAKE OF XINJIANG[J]

内陆干旱、半干旱封闭湖泊对气候变化的响应十分敏感,是较为理想的古环境研究场所.艾丁湖位于新疆维吾尔自治区吐鲁番盆地南部,湖面海拔-154.4m,是全国最低的洼地,故艾丁湖特殊的地理位置与独特的地质环境,使其在西北干旱区环境变化研究中有着重要的意义.取自艾丁湖湖区东北方向中全新世以来两个剖面共计88个沉积物样品,通过对该剖面进行年代测定、粒度分析与孢粉鉴定统计后,根据其孢粉组合与粒度特征,发现艾丁湖中全新世的环境演变经历了两个干-湿的变化过程,并且艾丁湖地区受西风带影响明显,即中晚全新世以来气候相对比较湿润,尤其在小冰期时期受西风带影响降水增加,从而进一步揭示了西北干旱区生态演化过程以及干旱区湖泊的演化过程

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies