The Game Theoretical Study on China’s Securities Market Regulation

本文系统地分析了证券市场监管者与被监管者之间的博弈行为，目的在于更为清晰、完整地剖析监管者与被监管者之间的互动，以及探求如何提高证券市场监管效率的方法。研究发现：一味加大对行政监管者的惩罚力度并不总是有效的，在一定条件下反而会促使其与被监管者达成合谋。接着，论文利用博弈理论和委托－代理理论分析了证券市场存在的寻租、合谋问题，得出了一些有益的结论：如果随机变量服从均匀分布，行贿者并不因为竞争者人数的增加而改变他的行贿力度和努力工作的意愿。在一定条件下，还给出了上市公司最优的外部审计人员人数的计算公式。最后，本文使用真人，进行了关于寻租合谋问题的实验室研究，实验结果与实验设想非常地吻合。本论文采取...In this paper , I analyzes the game behaviors between supervisor and manager . Taking apart the relation between supervisor and manager clearly and finding ways to improve the efficiency of securities regulation.I found that it is not effective to improve the regulation efficiency if we hardly punish supervisor who is not studious and dutiful, which can cause collusive behavior between supervisor ...学位：经济学博士院系专业：经济学院计划统计系_统计学学号：B20031001

在沪中外资银行竞争力比较研究

基于企业能力理论,本文对在沪15家中外资法人银行竞争力水平进行实证研究。根据实证结果,本文总结了中外资银行竞争力优势和不足形成的原因,并就中资银行竞争力培育提出了政策建议

江西经济发展途径的思考

面对东部大发展、西部大开发以及加入W T O的新形势,江西要实现在中部地区的崛起,必须充分发挥其区位优势、低成本优势以及自然资源优势,以工业化、城市化、信息产业化发展特色县域经济为重点,建设成为沿海发达地区的“三个基地,一个后花园”,实现江西在中部的崛起

The Cloning and Analysis of trapd Full-length cDNA Derived from Oncorhynchus mykiss

易位子相关蛋白δ(TrAnSlOCOn ASSOCIATEd PrOTEIn dElTA,TrAPd)是作为内质网膜蛋白参与细胞内信号序列识别、新生肽链的修饰、转运通道的形成等过程。以虹鳟鱼(OnCOrHynCHuS MykISS)为研究材料,采用rT-PCr和rACE法分离和克隆虹鳟鱼TrAPd基因CdnA的全长序列(gEnbAnk登录号:fJ591154),序列全长949 bP,其中5’端非翻译区(uTr)长109 bP,3’端非翻译区(uTr)长336 bP,开放性阅读框(Orf)长504 bP,编码167个氨基酸,存在1个跨膜区。虹鳟TrAPd蛋白序列与斑马鱼、黑青斑河豚、大西洋鲑、斑点叉尾鮰、热带爪蟾、人和小鼠等脊椎动物的同源性均在80%左右,表明TrAPd基因在进化过程中是高度保守的。Translocon-associated-protein delta(TRAPD) plays a crucial role in physiological processes such as the recognition of signal sequence,the modification of nascent peptide and the formaction of translocation channels.RT-PCR and RACE(Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) methods were used for the isolation of the whole cDNA of trapd gene(GenBank accession number: FJ591154) from rainbow trout.Sequence analysis revealed a 949 bp cDNA containing the 109 bp 5'-UTR,336bp 3'-UTR and 504 bp ORF encoding 167 amino acids with a transmembrane region.The sequence alignment between rainbow trout and zebrafish,fugu,salmon,catfish,frog,human and mouse exhibited about 80% identity rate of amino acid.The result indicated the trapd gene is highly conservative in the progress of evolution.河北省科技厅资助项目(0624240011

非食品类转基因技术在缓步走向成功

非食品类转基因技术已经在很多领域得以运用，但其间仍然障碍重重，任重道远。译者单位：上海对外贸易学院商务外语学院（200336

支撑应力对骨小梁分布的影响及股骨头坏死因素的研究

目的通过犬股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定模型的力学检测及组织学观察,从微观角度认识骨小梁重建对股骨头坏死的影响。方法选取18只成年田园犬制作成股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定模型,于造模后12周确认所有股骨颈骨折已愈合随机分为取钉组、取钉植骨组及不取钉组,于造模后20周分离所有犬的股骨并进行股骨颈力学测试及组织学观察。结果取钉组、取钉植骨组及不取钉组断裂点载荷、最大载荷差异有统计学意义(P0.05),不取钉组与取钉植骨组断裂点载荷大于取钉组;不取钉组最大载荷大于取钉植骨组与取钉组,取钉植骨组最大载荷大于取钉组。取钉组、取钉植骨组及不取钉组骨小梁宽度与新鲜骨面积差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不取钉组骨小梁宽度、新鲜骨面积大于取钉植骨组,且取钉植骨组大于取钉组。结论支撑应力的改变将导致骨小梁重新分布,骨小梁再分布是影响股骨头坏死塌陷的重要因素。福建省卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目(2014-ZQNJC-34

Comparison of different buffer systems for separation of 15 nucleosides by capillary electrophoresis

对毛细管电泳法分离15种核苷类化合物所用的不同缓冲液体系进行了系统比较,确定不同模式毛细管电泳法分析多种核苷类化合物的最适合背景缓冲液体系(bgE)。分别以四硼酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、乙酸钠、碳酸氢钠、乙酸铵和乙二胺(dEA)为背景电解质,对毛细管区带电泳(CzE)、毛细管电泳-电喷雾飞行时间质谱(CE-ESI-TOf/MS)以及胶束电动毛细管电泳(MEkC)3种模式进行比较,并对其中几种优势缓冲体系进行了优化。结果表明,CzE模式下使用四硼酸钠和磷酸氢二钠缓冲体系无法同时分离15种核苷类化合物,因此只适用于分析核苷类化合物数量较少的样品。而使用含有2%丙酮的300 MMOl/l dEA能完全分开15种核苷类化合物,且分辨率和峰形良好。MEkC模式下,以25 MMOl/l磷酸氢二钠(添加70 MMOl/l十二烷基磺酸钠(SdS))为缓冲盐的分离结果最佳,并且此方法能成功应用于海洋生物海葵中核苷类化合物的分离。CE-ESI-TOf/MS分析中,以20 MMOl/l乙酸铵(PH 10.0)为背景电解质,正离子模式检测,15种核苷类化合物的质谱信号均良好,检测灵敏度明显优于文献中报道的使用dEA缓冲体系的结果。本研究阐明了不同缓冲体系对15种核苷类化合物分离的适用性,为毛细管电泳技术在复杂基质中多种核苷类化合物的分离方法中的应用奠定了基础。The most suitable background electrolytes(BGEs) for simultaneous separation of 15 nucleosides by different modes of capillary electrophoresis(CE) were obtained.Various modes of CE were performed including capillary zone electrophoresis(CZE),capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(CE-ESI-Tof/MS) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography(MEKC).The electrolyte buffers using sodium tetraborate decahydrate,disodium hydrogen phosphate,sodium acetate,sodium bicarbonate,ammonium acetate or 1,2-diamino-ethane(DEA) were tested,and the best of them were systematically optimized.In CZE mode,the nucleosides could not be separated completely with sodium tetraborate decahydrate or disodium hydrogen phosphate as BGEs,demonstrating the limited applicability of the two buffer systems for complex samples.However,with 300 mmol/L DEA(containing 2% acetone) as BGE,15 nucleosides could be separated with good resolution and peak shape,which proved that the DEA buffer was most suitable in CZE.The best buffer system in MEKC mode was 25 mmol/L disodium hydrogen phosphate with 70 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),and it was successfully applied for the separation of the nucleosides in Chinese Anthopleura lanthogrammica Berkly.The optimum buffer system for CE-ESI-Tof/MS analysis was 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate(pH 10.0).In the positive ion mode,the MS signals of each compound were better than those in the literature using DEA as BGE.The results of this study demonstrated the applicability of different buffer systems for the simultaneous separation of 15 nucleosides,and were helpful for the development of CE method in complex sample separation.国家自然科学基金项目(20905017);海洋公益性行业科研专项项目(201005034-3);海洋局青年基金项目(2010140);海洋一所基本科研业务专项项目(2010G25);中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室开放基金课

Primary Exploration on Quality Evaluation of Holothurian Sold on the Market by HPLC Fingerprint

以10批不同产地刺参HPlC指纹图谱中的6个共有峰为评价指标,结合相似度分析,对不同刺参质量进行评价和检验。结果表明:不同批次刺参样品的6个色谱峰在指纹图谱分析过程中色谱行为相同,峰面积大,特征性强,能反映刺参的固有化学特征。结合相似度分析,可用于刺参质量评价。An optimized high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the analysis of holothurian and the HPLC fingerprint was established from 10 batches of the holothurians from different habitats.The HPLC fingerprint showing 6 common characteristic peaks was used to explore the quality evaluation of holothurian and distinguish from the fakes with the similarity analysis.This method is accurate and reliable,providing a scientific basis for the quality control of holothurian and can be used to evaluate the quality of holothurian sold on the market.我国近海海洋综合调查与评价908专项(908-02-05-04):海洋药用生物资源评价和《中华海洋本草》编纂;海洋一所基本科研业务专项(GY-022008T32):海洋绿藻活性成分分析、鉴

In situ probing electrified interfacial water structures at atomically flat surfaces using Raman spectroscopy

自然界中水无处不在，人们对水分子的研究已经长达一个多世纪。特别是在材料表面，从原子结构层面理解界面水所发生的各种物理和化学过程，将有利于指导能源和环境领域中开发更好的技术和器件。文献中采用振动光谱已经推知了水在金属界面的不同构型，如四配位水、三配位水、表面特性吸附水、自由水等。然而，仍然缺乏这些界面水在不同电位下清晰的构型图像。李剑锋教授课题组采用不受体相水干扰的表面增强拉曼光谱，首次在金（111）和（100）单晶电极表面上获得了界面水的拉曼信号，并且在析氢反应过程中原位观测到了界面水的两种构型转变。发现界面水随着电位的负移，由“平行”结构向“单端氢朝下”，再向“双端氢朝下”变化。程俊教授课题组采用从头算分子动力学理论方法，模拟出不同电位下，在双电层中界面水的三种构型以及相应的氢键数目，与实验数据很好地吻合，进一步揭示了双电层的原子级结构。该研究首次在实验和理论层面，将界面水的构型转变以及氢键断裂与精确的电极电势标尺进行关联，对探知双电层的三维结构具有指导性意义。 该研究工作通过厦门大学校内合作完成，化学化工学院李剑锋教授和程俊教授为通讯作者，田中群教授提供了重要指导。李超禹博士（现美国麻省理工学院博士后）和乐家波博士（现能源材料化学协同创新中心博士后）为共同第一作者，王耀辉博士生在实验上提供了帮助，物理系的陈舒博士和杨志林教授为本工作开展了电磁场增强计算【Abstract】Molecular structures of solid/liquid interfaces are of fundamental interest, and play significantly in the efficiencies of energy storage and conversion. To elucidate the structures of electric double layers at electrochemical interfaces under bias potentials, we have collaborated in situ Raman spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics, and for the first time distinguished two structural transitions of interfacial water at electrified Au(111) and Au(100) single crystal electrode surfaces. Towards negative potentials, the interfacial water molecules evolve from structurally “parallel” to “one-H-down”, and further to “two-H-down”.Concurrently, the number of hydrogen bonds among the interfacial water shows an overall decrease along with the negative shift of the potential, and undergoes two transitions as well. Our findings shed light on fundamental understanding of electric double layers and electrochemical processes at the interfaces.National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 21373166, 21522508, 21775127, 21521004, 21321062 and 21621091). 该工作得到国家自然科学基金委的大力资助，也得到了固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、谱学分析与仪器教育部重点实验室、能源材料化学协同创新中心的支持