ANALYSIS OF DETECTION OF HBV-NRAg IN SERUM AND ITS CORRELATION WITH HBV DNA

[目的]了解HBV携带者血清HBV-NRAg的检出情况,探讨HBV感染后HBV-NRAg与HBVM、HBVDNA载量的相关性。[方法]连续收集了从业人员的体检标本(n=4968),ELISA法检测血清HBV-NRAg和HBVM,同时以FQ-PCR检测核酸指标并辅以分区套式PCR和DNA测序作为证实检测,统计分析HBV-NRAg与HBVM、HBVDNA的相关性。[结果]HBV-NRAg的阳性率7.5%,略低于HBsAg的8.3%,略高于HBV DNA的6.8%。在HBV携带者中HBV-NRAg检测与HBV DNA的符合率87.4%,高于HBsAg或HBeAg,其S/CO值与HBVDNA载量线性相关(R2=0.927)。通过HBV-NRAg的检测筛选到6例HBV隐匿性感染,其中3例存在S区"a"基因突变。[结论]对于HBV感染后病毒复制状态和传染性的评价,HBV-NRAg可以替代HBV DNA作为良好的评判指标,而且可以用于变异毒株的筛选。[Objective]To investigate detection situation of HBV-NRAg in serum from HBV carriers,and discuss the correlation of the HBV-NRAg with HBVM and HBVDNA loads,respectively.[Methods]4968 serum samples were consecutively collected from the health examination of service workers,and HBV-NRAg and HBVM were detected by using ELISA.At the same time,the nucleic acid index of HBV DNA was examined by FQ-PCR,supplemented with detecting nested-PCR and DNA sequencing as certified tests.Statistical analyses were performed to analysis the correlation of HBV-NRAg with HBVM and HBVDNA,respectively.[Results]The total positive rate of HBV-NRAg was 7.5%,which was lower than HBsAg(8.3%) but higher than HBV DNA(6.8%) .A good conformability was observed between the test results of HBV-NRAg and HBV DNA.Meanwhile the S/CO values was closely correlated with HBV DNA loads(R2=0.927) .Furthermore,6 cases of concealed HBV infection were screened out by HBV-NRAg test,in which HBV genome had a point mutation in the‘a’epitope of S region.[Conclusion]As a replacement of HBV DNA,HBV-NRAg can be seen as a good evaluation index in terms of the evaluation on replicating phase HBV and its infectivity after being infected.Moreover,it also can be applied to effective screening of HBV mutation.厦门市重大疾病科研攻关项目(WKZ0501

细菌三型分泌系统输出蛋白分泌信号研究进展

自提出三型分泌系统的概念以来,相关分子机制的研究让人们对其有了更深入的了解。与依赖信号肽分泌途径形成鲜明对比的是,蛋白通过细菌三型分泌系统分泌或者转运时没有可识别的保守信号序列。近期对三型分泌蛋白的研究发现了多种可以引导其分泌的分泌信号。本文分别介绍了细菌三型分泌系统的种类,分泌系统分泌蛋白的种类,并着重阐述了分泌信号的分子特性及其机制,以期为新型抗菌药物的研发提供新的思路。国家自然科学基金(81473251,31370166,31741006);;厦门大学校长基金(20720160060

探针熔解分析法快速检测结核分枝杆菌链霉素耐药突变

目的评价探针熔解分析法快速检测结核分枝杆菌链霉素耐药突变的应用价值,为临床应用提供依据。方法首先用中国药品生物制品检定所提供的含37份标准非结核分枝杆菌的标准盘进行特异性评价,然后将野生型结核分枝杆菌H37Rv基因组DNA梯度稀释进行灵敏度考察,最后对906株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株(其中37份有药物敏感性试验结果)的链霉素耐药相关基因进行检测,并对突变菌株、有药敏结果的菌株以及疑似杂合的菌株进行测序分析。结果标准盘评价结果证实该体系特异检测H37Rv结核分枝杆菌。分析灵敏度为5～50拷贝每反应。在所有的906份结核分枝杆菌培养标本中,103份标本发生突变且与测序结果一致,18份标本存在杂合信号,17份标本无信号。37份有药敏结果的标本中,敏感的标本用探针熔解分析法所得结果均为野生型,耐药的16份标本仅检测到7份突变,另有9份耐药的标本实时检测为野生型,与测序结果相符。结论探针熔解分析技术特异性好,可以快速、准确地检测结核分枝杆菌链霉素耐药常见突变,有望直接用于临床标本链霉素耐药性检测

Analysis on death causes of liver cancer of inhabitants in Xiamen City from 2002 to 2011

目的了解2002-2011年厦门市居民肝癌死亡趋势、分布特征及寿命损失情况。方法对2002-2011年厦门市肝癌死亡登记资料和人口数据进行统计分析,通过计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年均增长死亡率及寿命损失年等指标,评价居民的肝癌死亡及寿命损失情况。结果 2002-2011年厦门市肝癌年均死亡率为32.70/10万,标化死亡率为34.48/10万,居恶性肿瘤死亡顺位第1位,总体趋势有下降,但差异无统计学意义(2趋势=2.13,P=0.144)。男性、女性、城区、郊区、农村的肝癌年均死亡率均呈下降趋势,但只有郊区下降有统计学意义(2趋势=7.46,P=0.006)。肝癌死亡率比较:农村>城区>郊区,男性死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(2=1 758.80,P<0.001)。肝癌主要危害中老年人群,死亡年龄的中位数为57岁,89.37%的死亡病例发生在40岁以上人群。肝癌潜在寿命损失年为93 378.0人年,平均减寿年数为20.17人年,减寿率为5.74‰,男性和农村居民寿命损失较严重。结论 2002-2011年厦门市肝癌死亡率整体呈下降趋势,但对中老年人群的危害仍很严重,应继续加强防控力度。Objective To gain the knowledge of trends in mortality,distribution characteristics and potential years of life lost caused by liver cancer among Xiamen population from 2002 to 2011.Methods Mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,average annual growth rate of mortality and years of life lost have been employed to evaluate the mortality of liver cancer and years of life lost caused by the disease among population in Xiamen.Results The average annual mortality rate of liver cancer among Xiamen population was 32.70 /105.After the standardization,the rate was ascended to 34.48 /105,ranking in the top of the death causes.Compared to historical data,the mortality rate slightly decreased in total.However,no statistical significance was observed.The average annual mortality rate of male,female,urban,suburban and rural areas were decreased,but only a statistically significant decrease in the suburban was noted.As for the locations,the mortality rate in rural area was the highest,and that of urban area maintained in the second position,and the rate of suburb area was the lowest in Xiamen.The reduction on the average mortality rate among female population was greater than that of its counterparts.We also observed that the reduction was greater in rural areas than in the rest of city.However,the differences were not statistically significant.Liver cancer mainly affected the middle-aged and old population,and the median of death age was 57 years old.Furthermore,89.37% of deaths were reported in the population older than 40 of years.The potential years of life lost caused by liver cancer among Xiamen population was 93 378.0 PY and AYLL was 20.17 PY,and PYLL rate reached 5.74‰.The years of life lost caused by liver cancer among male and rural population are serious.Conclusions The mortality rate of live cancer among Xiamen population between 2002 and 2011 has been declined in general aspect.However,the liver cancer still renders great threat to the health among middle-aged and old population.Therefore,the prevention and control strategy should be further promoted.福建省卫生厅青年科研课题(2010-2-113

沿海产盐区与非产盐区8～10岁儿童碘营养与智力水平分析

目的了解和比较沿海产盐区和非产盐区8~10岁儿童碘营养状况与智力水平,为采取针对性防治措施提供依据。方法选择产盐区翔安区和非产盐区集美区的小学为调查点,8~10岁儿童为调查对象,调查其家中碘盐食用情况、尿碘含量、甲状腺肿大情况和智商水平。结果产盐区和非产盐区儿童合格碘盐食用率分别为81.5%和98.6%;甲状腺肿大率分别为3.0%和0.7%,尿碘中位数分别为202.8μg/L和238.4μg/L,<50μg/L的比例分别为3.5%和1.0%。产盐区8~10岁儿童智商均明显低于非产盐区儿童;产盐区8岁儿童智商明显高于9岁和10岁儿童;非产盐区8岁儿童智商明显高于9岁和10岁儿童,9岁儿童智商明显高于10岁儿童。结论补碘能提高儿童智商,降低智力损害。要坚持食用碘盐,开展对孕妇、哺乳妇的碘营养监测

沿海产盐区与非产盐区妊娠期妇女碘营养状况及甲状腺功能水平分析

目的了解福建沿海产盐区与非产盐区妊娠期妇女碘营养状况及其甲状腺功能水平,为防治碘缺乏病提供科学依据。方法选择产盐区翔安区和非产盐区集美区为调查点,每个点随机抽取60名以上妊娠期妇女作为调查对象,采集孕妇的家中盐样、尿样及血样,分别测定盐碘、尿碘及血清甲状腺激素。结果产盐区与非产盐区孕妇合格碘盐食用率分别为81.69%和100.00%;产盐区与非产盐区孕妇尿碘的中位数分别为120.55μg/L和153.35μg/L,尿碘孕中期>孕晚期;产盐区与非产盐区孕妇的甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibody,TPOAb),抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(antithyroid glubulin antibody,TgAb),总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(total-triiodothyronine,TT3),总甲状腺素(total thyroxine,TT4),游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3),游离甲状腺素(free thyroxine,FT4),促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH),甲状腺球蛋白(tryroglobulin,Tg)中位数均在正常范围,产盐区与非产盐区孕妇的FT3、FT4、TSH之间差异均有统计学意义,产盐区孕妇的FT3、FT4均低于非产盐区,而产盐区孕妇的TSH则高于非产盐区。结论孕妇是易缺碘人群,产盐区孕妇相对非产盐区碘缺乏更为严重。应对孕妇开展常规碘营养和甲状腺功能监测,进一步做好碘营养知识的宣传教育工作,控制碘缺乏病的发生

沿海产盐区与非产盐区18～45岁人群碘营养状况及甲状腺功能水平研究

目的掌握厦门市沿海产盐区与非产盐区居民盐碘、18～45岁人群碘营养和甲状腺功能水平状况,为采取针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法选择沿海产盐区翔安区和非产盐区集美区为调查点,调查居民合格碘盐食用率、18～45岁育龄期妇女和男性尿碘水平、甲状腺激素水平和海带、紫菜的摄入习惯。结果产盐区和非产盐区盐碘中位数均为27.21 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率分别为95.33%和96.33%;18～45岁男性尿碘中位数分别为206.55μg/L和232.95μg/L,尿碘<100μg/L的比例分别为20.97%和10%;18～45岁育龄期妇女尿碘中位数分别为176.95μg/L和227.70μg/L,尿碘<100μg/L的比例分别为21.67%和25%;产盐区和非产盐区18～45岁男性和育龄期妇女的甲状腺激素TSH、Tg、FT3、FT4、TPOAb、TT3、TT4中位数均在正常值范围内;产盐区18～45岁男性的甲状腺功能亢进阳性率为3.4%、育龄期妇女的甲状腺功能减退和亚临床甲状腺减退症的阳性率均为1.67%,而非产盐区均为0。产盐区和非产盐区18～45岁男性和育龄期妇女中均有一定比例易患甲状腺免疫性疾病的人群。每月食用海带、紫菜的次数≥4次、1～3次和<1次的人尿碘组间比较无统计学差异。结论产盐区和非产盐区18～45岁男性和育龄期妇女碘营养总体处于适宜状态,应坚持食盐加碘措施,对育龄期妇女在婚前体检时开展常规碘营养水平和甲状腺功能检测

Rapid detection of E.coli O157∶H7 by immunocaptured PCR

目的建立两种免疫捕获PCR法快速检测E.coliO157∶H7,并探讨其灵敏度和特异性。方法运用免疫磁珠集菌(IMS)和抗体包被扩增管(mACT)两种方法富集待测样品中E.coliO157∶H7,再应用巢式PCR法检测编码E.coliO157∶H7O抗原的rfbE基因,对13株E.coliO157菌和10株非E.coliO157菌进行检测。结果应用两种icPCR检测,所有E.coliO157∶H7和E.coliO157NM菌株均为阳性结果,而其它包括与O157抗血清能交叉凝集的菌株检测结果均为阴性;对于含有48×102cfu/ml以上浓度的E.coliO157∶H7菌悬液,两种方法,所有试验管都能检测到特异性扩增;并证实了这两种方法可用于检测鲜牛奶中E.coliO157∶H7,样品中E.coliO157∶H7的含量只要不少于101cfu/ml,经过6小时增菌均能检测出来。结论IMS-icPCR和mACT-icPCR用于检测E.coliO157∶H7,是快速、灵敏且高特异的方法。To develop two methods for the rapid detection of E coli 157∶H7 by immunocapture PCR (icPCR) and to investigate their sensitivity and specificity,IMS and mACT were carried out to capture E coli O157∶H7 in test samples and the nest PCR was used to detect the rfbE gene encoding for the production of lipopolysaccharide O side chain of E.coli O157∶H7 in 13 strains of E.coli O157∶H7 and 10 strains of non E.coli O157∶H7. It was found that all the strains of E.coli O157∶H7 and E.coli∶O157∶NM showed positive results as determined by these two methods of immumnocaptured PCR. whereas other strains, including those cross reacting with the O157 antisera,showed negative results.Positive detection of E.coli O157∶H7 was obtainable when the load of organism in the test samples was over 4.8×10 2 cfu/ml.In addition, these two methods could be used for the detection of E.coli O157∶H7 in fresh milk with 6 hours enrrichend,(within 6 hours), when the concentration of this organism was not as few as 10 cfu/ml. It is concluded that IMS icPCR and mACT icPCR appear to be the rapid, sensitive and specific methods for the detection of E.coli O157∶H7 in test samples

Effect Evaluation of Health Literacy Intervention in Residents of Xiamen City

目的评价厦门市开展健康素养干预活动的效果。方法以厦门市6个区的全部常住人口作为调查对象,采用分层系统抽样的方法,于2008年7月和2009年9月,分别对4,048和2,488人进行面对面问卷调查。通过比较两次调查结果,评价健康素养干预的效果。结果全市传染病相关知识的知晓率由2008年的55.85%提高到2009年的72.95%;健康日常行为习惯的知晓率由42.8%提高到56.1%;健康技能相关知识的知晓率由61.5%提高到72.0%。结论厦门市公民健康素养干预策略成效显著,但居民对健康技能相关知识的了解仍然不够全面。开展公民健康素养教育要有针对性,从市民的薄弱环节入手,加强媒体宣传,营造全面提高健康素养的氛围。Objective To evaluate the effect of health literacy interventions in Xiamen.Methods All the resident population of households in 6 districts of Xiamen was taken as the target for the survey.By stratified systematic sampling, 4 048 and 2 488 persons were selected for face to face questionnaire respectively in July 2008 and September 2009.The effect of health literacy interventions was evaluated by comparing the results of the two surveys.Results The knowledge rate of infectious diseases rose from 55.85% in 2008 to 72.95% in 2009; that of daily health habits rose from 42.8% to 56.1%; and the knowledge rate of health-related knowledge and skills rose from 61.5% to 72.0%.Conclusion The strategies of health literacy intervention achieve remarkable results among the citizens of Xiamen City.But their health-related knowledge and skills are still not comprehensive enough.It is suggested that civic health literacy education should be targeted, and start from the weak points in the public and strengthen media campaigns, and create a comprehensive environment to improve health literacy

荧光置换探针多重实时PCR检测结核杆菌3种耐药突变

[目的]建立单管检测结核分枝杆菌3种耐药突变的多重实时PCR检测方法,考察其敏感性并应用于痰标本的检测。[方法]将荧光双链置换探针、实时PCR和多重PCR相结合,针对3种一线药物链霉素、异烟肼和乙胺丁醇中最常见的且都是由于点突变而导致的耐药突变位点进行检测。[结果]该检测体系可以检测到5个菌/test。用该体系检测9份已知基因型的结核分枝杆菌培养标本和118份痰标本,所有检测结果均通过ARMS体系验证。[结论]该检测体系具有很高的敏感性和特异性,检测快速,测定突变位点范围较其它技术有较大提高,且操作简便,有利于结核病菌的早期耐药检测和指导医生用药