One New Ten-membered Lactone from Phomopsis sp. B27,an Endophytic Fungus of Annona squamosa L.

目的:研究番荔枝内生真菌拟茎点霉B27的化学成分。方法:通过色谱层析柱对提取物进行分离纯化,并通过波谱解析(一维、二维的核磁共振谱和质谱)确定化合物的结构。结果:分离纯化得到5个化合物,鉴定为十元大环内酯phomolide C(1),1-甲基-8-羟基-9,10-蒽醌(2),1,8-双羟基-9,10-蒽醌(3),cytosporone C(4)和Altiloxin A(5)。结论:化合物1是新化合物;化合物1-5首次从拟茎点霉属菌株中分离得到。AIM: To study the chemical constituents of Phomopsis sp. B27, an endophytic fungal strain of Annona squamosa L. METHODS: The extract was isolated and purified by column chromatography. The structures of chemical components were deter-mined by spectroscopic analyses including 1D-, 2D-NMR and MS data. RESULTS: Five compounds were isolated and determined as a ten-membered lactone, namely phomolide C (1), 1-methoxy-8-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (2), 1,8-dihydroxy-9,10-anthra-quinone (1,8-DHA) (3), cytosporone C (4) and altiloxin A (5). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a new ten-membered lactone; and compounds 1-5 were isolated from the genus Phomopsis for the first time.the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars to Y. Shen. (No.30325044).~

Decision-Making for Air Combat Dogfight

基于敌对的两机空战背景,利用不断更新的威胁态势作为飞行员的决策依据,采用影响图分析法描述空战飞行员的决策过程,建立了空战飞行员的决策模型.其特点是空战威胁态势的评估及决策方式易于根据飞行员的经验和偏好进行描述与调整.仿真结果表明,利用所建立的空战决策模型可以有效地导引战机格斗,决策过程符合空战格斗理念.Considering a scenario of air combat involving two opposing fighter aircrafts,a decision-making model for the pilot in air combat is established.The model is based on a situation of continually updated threat.An influence diagram analysis method is employed to describe the pilot decision-making process.Evaluation of air combat threat and the decision-making behavior are easy to describe and modify,if necessary,according to the experience and preference of the individual pilot.Simulation results show that the proposed model is effective to guide the fighter aircraft during air combat dogfight,and its decision-making process conforms to the concept of air combat dogfight.航空科学基金资助项目(02F15001

Two Epothilones from Sorangium cellulosum Strain So0157-2

目的:对粘细菌SOrAngIuM CEllulOSuM SO0157-2的化学成分进行研究。方法:通过色谱层析对提取物进行分离纯化,并通过波谱解析(一维、二维的核磁共振谱和质谱)确定了化合物的结构。结果:分别鉴定为SECO-EPOTHIlOnEA(1)和1-METHyl-SECO-EPOTHIlOnEA(2)。结论:化合物1和2都是首次从该菌株中分离得到。其中1是首次分离得到的新天然产物。AIM:To study the chemical constituents of Sorangium cellulosum So0157-2.METHODS:The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography,and their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses including 1D-,2D-NMR data and MS analyses.RESULTS:Two epothilones were purified and identified as seco-epothilone A(1) and 1-methyl-seco-epothilone A(2).CONCLUSION:1 and 2 were obtained from this strain for the first time,and 1 was a new natural product.supportedbyKeyProgramofInternationalCooperation;MinistryofScienceandTechnologyofChina(No.2007DFA30970);the863ProgramofChina(No.20060102Z1083)---

Effect of Salinity Stress on the Activities of ATPase and Phosphatase in the Mud Crab(Scylla serrata)

采用酶学分析的方法研究了盐度(分别为5、15、25、35)胁迫下锯缘青蟹鳃、肌肉和肝胰腺中腺苷三磷酸酶和磷酸酶活性变化。结果表明,随着盐度降低,青蟹鳃中Na+,K+-ATPase、Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase活性均升高,随着胁迫时间延长,Na+,K+-ATPase活性呈现不同的变化规律,且趋于平缓。青蟹肌肉中ACP活性随着盐度的升高而呈小幅度下降,而肝胰腺中ACP活性则呈小幅度升高,但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同胁迫时间同一盐度组青蟹肌肉中的ACP活性有升有降。青蟹肌肉、肝胰腺中AKP活性随着盐度升高而升高;随着胁迫时间延长,同一盐度组青蟹肌肉中AKP活性均呈升高趋势,肝胰腺中AKP活性有升有降。由此可见,盐度对青蟹生理生化影响显著。The mud crab(Scylla serrata) is a kind of important marine culture species in China.Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors which relates closely with the development of S.serrata.The activities of ATPase and phosphatase in gill,muscle and hepatopancreas of S.serrata were determined under different salinities(5,15,25,35) for understanding its physiological-biochemical response to salinity stress.The results showed that the effects of salinity stress on Na+,K+-ATPase activity in the gill of S.serrata were significant(P0.05).The AKP activities in both muscle and hepatopancreas increased with the salinity increasing,and increased with the time duration in the same treatment.Both ACP and AKP activities in hepatopancreas were higher than those in muscle.The changes of AKP activities in hepatopancreas and muscle seemed to be related with Na+,K+-ATPase activities changing in gill under different salinities.These results suggested that the physiological-biochemical response of S.serrata to salinity stress was significant,which could offer some theoretic basis for water quality management of mud crab aquaculture.厦门大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目“锯缘青蟹营养需求及其免疫营养研究”;; 江苏省滩涂生物资源与环境保护重点建设实验室项目(JLCBE05007

电针促进胃黏膜损伤修复的时效关系及分子机制

目的:动态观察电针对胃溃疡模型大鼠胃黏膜损伤修复的影响,探讨电针治疗胃溃疡的时效关系和分子机制。方法:72只SD大鼠分为空白组、模型组、胃经穴组、对照点组,并按干预时间1、4、7 d分为3个亚组,每个亚组6只。采用乙醇灌胃方法制备胃溃疡大鼠模型,胃经穴组电针\"足三里\"\"梁门\",对照点组电针\"梁门\"\"足三里\"外旁开5 mm处,每日1次,每次电针30 min。空白组和模型组用鼠板束缚但不进行电针处理,每日1次,每次30 min。用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(PR-PCR)法检测胃增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、P物质(SP)的表达,Western blot检测胃神经降压素(NT)的表达。结果:干预1 d后,模型组溃疡指数显著高于空白组(P0.05),PCNA m RNA、SP m RNA低于模型组(P0.05)。干预7 d后,各组以上指标组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:电针胃经穴能在胃溃疡发展的不同病理状态下对PCNA m RNA、SP m RNA进行双向调节的平衡作用同时促进NT蛋白高表达,进而促进溃疡的修复。深圳市科技计划项目:JCYJ 20160406140612883;;国家自然科学基金项目:8147375

针药结合治疗湿热型痤疮的临床研究

目的:观察并对比针药结合治疗与常规西药治疗湿热型痤疮的临床疗效。方法:将100例湿热型痤疮患者随机分为针药结合组(n=50)和西药治疗组(n=50),针药结合组采用以口服中药为主并辅以针刺的疗法进行联合治疗,西药治疗组口服米诺环素胶囊,两组均连续治疗4周后观察疗效及皮损的类型、分级、评分和不良反应等。结果:针药结合组与西药治疗组总有效率分别为92. 00%、84. 00%,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05。结论:针药结合疗法比常规西药治疗更能够显著提高湿热型痤疮的临床疗效。中国中医科学院“十三五”重点领域研究专项(No.ZZ10-011-1-2

凡纳滨对虾亲虾性腺成熟节律和交配率

在水温(27±2)℃、盐度29±2、pH 7.8~8.5、光强1 000 lx的条件下,对来自中国台湾省的体质量为35~45 g的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannameiBoone 1931)亲虾的性腺成熟节律和交配进行了为期73 d的繁育实验,样品为1 300对,3个批次。结果表明,雌虾术后卵巢成熟率分4期:Ⅰ期(1~9 d)入池适应术后效应期;Ⅱ期(10~16 d)低成熟率期,Ⅲ期(17~51 d)成熟率渐上升期,Ⅳ(52~73 d)平稳期;雄虾精荚形成率分3期:Ⅰ期(1~12 d)入池适应与术后效应期;Ⅱ期(13~51 d)平缓上升期,Ⅲ期(52~73 d)平稳期。在95%的概率保证程度下,雌亲虾卵巢成熟率为9.73%,波动区间9.14%~11.53%;雄虾精荚形成率6.63%,波动区间5.87%~7.38%;平均交配率为61.43%,波动区间58.85%~64.00%。在繁殖过程中,雌虾卵巢再成熟时间间隔9.68 d,可多次成熟的次数19.49次,雄虾精荚再形成时间15.10 d,可多次形成的次数为12.50次。此外还就影响雌虾卵巢成熟和雄虾精荚形成的因素以及如何提高交配率进行了详细的讨论... 【英文摘要】 Beginning in 1988,Litopenaeus vannamei was introduced into China,and 1998 on a commercial scale.China now has a large and flourishing industry for Litopenaeus vannamei,with Mainland China producing more than 270?000 metric tonnes in 2002,300?000 metric tonnes(71 percent of the country's total shrimp production) in 2003,and 367?500 metric tonnes(78.5 percent of the country's total shrimp production) in 2004,which is higher than the current production of the whole of the Americas.The intensive culture of Lito...福建省自然科学基金项目(B9910003

电针“梁门”-“足三里”对急性胃黏膜损伤模型大鼠血清代谢物动态表达的影响

目的采用核磁共振氢谱技术(1H NMR)探讨电针梁门-足三里治疗急性胃黏膜损伤的可能作用机制。方法 54只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组,各组又分为干预1、4、7天3个时间点,每个时间点6只。除正常组外其余各组采用75%乙醇灌胃法复制急性胃黏膜损伤大鼠模型。造模成功后电针组大鼠用鼠板捆绑固定,采用疏密波(4 Hz,50 Hz),电针"梁门"(负极)"足三里"(正极),每次30 min,每日1次。正常组和模型组大鼠用鼠板捆绑固定30 min,每日1次。分别于干预1、4、7天后光镜观察胃黏膜病理形态,检测大鼠血清1H NMR谱,并利用模式识别方法分析不同干预时间下代谢物谱的差异,用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型和独立样本t检验,以P <0. 05筛选潜在的生物代谢标志物。结果病理结果显示,正常组大鼠胃黏膜表面细胞完整,未见溃疡性损害。干预1、4天时模型组大鼠可见胃黏膜上皮结构破坏严重,毛细血管增生及出血;干预4天时电针组大鼠胃黏膜的黏膜结构恢复较为完整,较模型组明显改善。血清代谢组学结果显示,正常组与模型组分离出差异代谢物6个:甘油磷酸胆碱、谷氨酰胺、甜菜碱、葡萄糖、乙酸盐和胆碱。与模型组比较,干预1天时电针组胆碱、甘油磷酸胆碱、葡萄糖、乙酸盐、谷氨酰胺和甜菜碱均升高;干预4天时胆碱、葡萄糖、谷氨酰胺和甜菜碱升高,甘油磷酸胆碱和乙酸盐降低;干预7天时甘油磷酸胆碱降低,葡萄糖、乙酸盐、谷氨酰胺和甜菜碱升高,胆碱无明显变化。结论电针"梁门"-"足三里"可有效回调急性胃黏膜损伤大鼠血清相关差异代谢物,恢复相应代谢通路稳定,以电针4天效果最佳,可能是其逆转胃黏膜损伤的作用机制之一。国家自然科学基金(81473751);;深圳市科技计划(JCYJ20160406140612883

艾灸干预胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜脑肠肽的动态表达

目的:观察艾灸干预胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜相关脑肠肽的动态表达,探讨艾灸干预胃溃疡的时效关系。方法:SD大鼠72只随机分为3批,各批分为正常组、模型组、胃经穴位组和非经穴位组(n=6)。采用70%乙醇灌胃复制胃溃疡大鼠模型。胃(非)经穴位组的大鼠进行艾灸1、4、7d(30min/d)。干预结束后于光镜下观察胃黏膜形态,RT-PCR测定胃黏膜增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)及P物质(SP)表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠胃黏膜溃疡灶明显,胃黏膜PCNA表达降低(P<0.05),SP表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,干预1d后胃经穴位组大鼠胃黏膜PCNA表达升高(P<0.05),干预4d后胃经穴位组PCNA表达升高(P<0.05),SP降低(P<0.05);干预7d后各组大鼠胃黏膜PCNA及SP表达无显著差异。结论:艾灸胃经穴位能有效调节相关脑肠肽指标,促进胃黏膜损伤修复,并具有一定的时效关系。深圳创新科技计划项目(No.JCYJ20160406140612883);;国家自然科学基金项目(No.81473751);;国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(No.2015CB554502)~