Calculation of Ultimate Shear Strength of High Strength Concrete Column Reinforced with Concrete Filled Steel Tube

介绍了以圆钢管为钢骨的劲性高强混凝土柱的剪切性能试验的试验概况,在此基础上研究了它的斜截面承载力计算方法。在计算时,采用了将构件分成几个独立的抗力机构,相互叠加构成构件抗力体系的计算方法的计算模型。进而利用剪切性能试验得到的数据结果进行参数回归,得到以圆钢管为钢骨的劲性高强混凝土柱的斜截面承载力计算公式。General situation about shear experiments of high concrete columns reinforced with concrete filled steel tube is presented,and method for calculating ultimate shear strength of the columns is discussed based on the experimental results.Shearing resistant mechanism of the columns can be made up of several simple individual shearing resistant mechanisms,and then the formula for calculating ultimate shear strength can be established by superposing the actions of these shearing resistant mecnanisms.In the further analysis,the unknown parameter in the formula is regressed using the test data of shear experiments

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF LOAD-MOMENT INTERACTION DIAGRAM FOR HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE COLUMN REINFORCED WITH CONCRETE FILLED STEEL TUBE

介绍了以圆钢管为钢骨的劲性高强混凝土柱的抗震性能研究的试验概况,在此基础上采用条带有限元法进行了弯矩-轴力相关曲线的数值分析,计算结果与试验结果大致吻合,可以用于确定该类柱在偏压状态下的极限承载力。The general situation of earthquake-resistant behavior experiments of high concrete columns reinforced with concrete filled steel tube is presented.Based on the experimental results,the numerical analysis of load-moment interaction diagram for the columns is completed using strip finite element analysis method.The calculation results are in basic agreement with those of the experimental values,so the numerical analysis method can be used to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the columns under eccentric compression

Ultimate Strength of High Strength Concrete Columns Reinforced with Concrete Filled Steel Tube Under Axial Compression and their Reliability Analysis

为了探求一个合理的设计公式来计算带圆钢管的劲性高强混凝土柱在轴压下的极限强度,完成了包含13个短柱试件在内的轴心受压试验以研究该类柱在轴压下的破坏模式和极限强度.试验结果表明,在荷载作用下,直到荷载接近极限值时,柱中钢管、纵向钢筋以及混凝土三者之间的纵向应变基本上是协调的,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,因此可以采用叠加原理来计算带圆钢管的劲性高强混凝土柱在轴压下的极限承载力.此外,分析了该极限承载力计算公式的可靠度水平.分析结果表明,该承载力计算满足GB50068-2001对构件可靠指标的要求.This paper aims at developing a rational design formula to predict the ultimate strength of high strength concrete columns reinforced with concrete filled steel tube (HSCCRST) under axial compression. In order to investigate the failure mode and the ultimate strength of the columns under axial compression, experimental tests of 13 specimens under axial compression were performed. Test results showed that the longitudinal strain of the steel tube, the longitudinal reinforcement, and the concrete in the column were all compatible under loading until the load applied was close to the ultimate load. Therefore, the ultimate strength of HSCCRST could be calculated in the principle of superposition. In addition, the reliability level of the columns under axial compression designed following the proposed formula was investigated. Analysis results indicated that the reliability indexes of the columns designed following the proposed formula satisfied the demand of Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Building Structures (GB 50068-2001), National Standard of the People's Republic of China.国家自然科学基金资助项目(50378034

生殖器官の生産量からみたシイ林の有性生殖(林学部門)

松尾大社(京都市嵐山)の境内のシイ成熟林において, リタートラップ法で1986年∿1989年の生殖器官の生産量(林分当たり)を測り, また花粉生産量は開花前の雄花序当たり花粉量を基に推定した。これらの諸量を検討し, 有性生殖についてえた主な結果は次の通りである。花粉生産量は重量(218∿359kg (ha)^ (yr)^)では最大クラス, 粒数(64.2∿103×(10)^(ha)^ (yr)^)では突出して多く, しかも年次変動が小さかった。この莫大な花粉数は, しかし, 胚珠数に見合ったものであった(花粉/胚珠の数比, 4.1∿8.3×(10)^5)。花粉粒は小形であるから(1.94∿4.30×(10)^mg), 同化産物の花粉への流れは節約されている。開花年ごとの乾物量は1609∿1803kg (ha)^で, 雄性と雌性の部分量は逆比例の関係にあった。年度ごとの乾物生産量は1237∿2204kg (ha)^ (yr)^の範囲で, これは種子の並作∿凶作の年の値である。この生産量の多少と各部分の割合との間には, 一定の傾向はなかった。これは種子成熟に2カ年を要することに関係がある。また, 当年生と1年生の部分の生産量は等しくなる年が多かった。結実率は低いが(5.5%∿10.6%), ほかの種と大略等しい。年々の種子数は結実率と並行して推移し, 総雌花数も種子生産に関係があるようだ。種子対投資の重量比は種子の並作年に3倍, 凶作年6倍で, これはほかの重力散布種子の種の値と一致した。In a mature stand of Shii chinkapin (Castanopsis cuspidata SCHOTTKY) at Matsuotaisya shrine, Arashiyama, Kyoto, annual production rates of reproductive organs were studied using 20 litter traps (each 50cm×50cm in mouth area) in 1986-1989,and those of pollen were estimated by multiplying the number of fallen male catkins per ha per year by the mean amount of pollen per catkin before anthesis. The main results were as follows. The pollen production rate of 218-359kg d. w. (ha)^ (yr)^ was one of the highest among other species, and that of 64.2-103×(10)^(ha)^ (yr)^ was by far the largest number; moreover, these showed small year-to-year fluctuations. Such a huge number of pollen grains, however, was balanced by the number of ovules in a stand (numerical ratio of pollen grains to ovules : 4.1-8.3×(10)^5). The light pollen grains (1.94-4.30×(10)^mg d. w.) save the assimilation products invested in pollen formation. Dry matter of reproductive organs by the year of anthesis was within the range 1609-1803kg d. w. (ha)^, and those of male and female parts were inversely proportional to each other. Annual production rates were within the range 1237-2204kg d. w. (ha)^ (yr)^, equivalent to values in years of average to poor seed crop. There was no relationship between the annual production rates (by weight) of male and female parts, because fruit maturation requires two growing seasons. In three years among four, the 0-and 1-yr-old parts showed equal dry weight allocation. Seedmaturing ratios or numerical ratios of mature nuts to total female flowers were small (5.5%-10.6%), being approximately equal to those of other species. The year-to-year trend in nut production (by number) parallelled those of seed-maturing ratio and the number of female flowers. Mean nut weight vs. assimilation products necessary for producing a single nut, calculated by dividing the drymatter production rate of overall parts by the number of nuts, was 1 : 3 in a year with an average seed crop, and 1 : 6 in a year with a poor crop. This seed production effort was similar to those of five other barachorous species

ランドサット MSS データによる山腹植栽工林地の植生回復診断(林学部門)

本報告は, ランドサットMSSデータによる山腹植栽工施行地における植生回復状態の評価についての適用性をみたものである。対象地には, 植栽工が明治以来繰り返し行われてきた滋賀県大戸川流域の田上山を選んだ。解析処理ならびにそれらの結果の概要は以下のとおりである。1)多変量の分類処理を進めるために行った因子分析結果では, 環境分類に寄与しているパラメータの共通因子は活力度と植物葉の色合いであることがわかった。2)また, 植生状態の分類に有効なMSSデータのパラメータは, 因子分析の結果から, クロロフィル吸収帯域, 近赤外線域および比演算強調処理のバンドであることも認められた。3)ランドサット画像は傾斜角と斜面方位により変化する。隣接するバンドの比演算値ならびに春と秋のオーバレイ画像により, データ処理においてその斜面効果を除くことができる見通しが得られた。4)以上の結果から, 解析用オーバレイデータの1画素は次の6個のパラメータ値で構成した。即ち(バンド5)_1,(バンド5)_2,(バンド7)_1,(バンド7)_2,{(8×バンド7-w^^^-)/(8×バンド5-s^^^-)}_1,{(8×バンド7-w^^^-)/(×8バンド5-s^^^-)}_2である。(接尾番号1,2は季節1,2であることを示す)5)また, 植生タイプは次の6項目とした。1 : 成熟林, 2 : 壮令林, 3 : 低木林, 4 : 不良林, 5 : 疎林地, 6 : 芝又は草地である。6)かくして, 環境区分のための上述の前処理を施した2シーンのオーバレイ・データを用いて, 植生回復診断を実行した。その結果は, 現地検証により, どのカテゴリーも高精度で現況と一致していることが認められた。以上の結果から, 比演算処理及び季節の異る2シーンをオーバレイしたランドサットMSSデータは, 今回のようなの植生回復診断にも有効であると思われる。This paper refers the feasibility of Landsat Mss data for evaluation of vegetative restoration in the hill-side planting worked area. Study area was chosen at Tanakamiyama in Daitogawa valley of Shiga prefecture, Japan. The outline of analytical procedures and those results in this research were as follows : 1) Result of the factor analysis for multivariate categorical analysis, it was evidenced that the common factors in connection with the parameter for environmental classification were the vital degree and the tint of vegetative leaves. 2) Based upon the factor analysis, it was proved that the absorptive band of chlorophyll, the near IR-band and the enhanced process with ratio value between two adjacent bands were usefull to classify the vegetative condition. 3) Value of Landsat MSS image varies with the ground slope and direction. The ratioed value between two adjacent bands and the overlaid image with spring and autumn can be applicable to eliminate this slope effect in the data analysis. 4) Contents of one pixel in this data consist of six values, i. e; (Band 5)_1,(Band 5)_2,(Band 7)_1,(Band 7)_2,((8×Band 7-w^^^-)/(8×Band 5-s^^^-))_1,((8×Band 7-w^^^-)/(8×Band 5-s^^^-))_2,where suffix numbers 1 and 2 mean the first and second season. 5) Vegetative type was classified into 6 categories, 1; Maturity stand, 2; Thrifty stand, 3; Shrubby stand, 4; Culled stand, 5; Open stand, 6; Lawn or grass. 6) Thus, evaluation of vegetative restoration was performed using two-season combined Landsat MSS data obtained through the above procedure for environmental classification. By the ground verification, it was recognized that classification accuracy was high precision in any classified category. From above results, two-season combined Landsat MSS data may be useful for evaluation of vegetative restoration in the hill-side planting worked area

ヤセイ ドウブツ カンリ ノ タメノ フィールド チョウサホウ : ホニュウルイ ノ コンセキ ハンテイ カラ データ カイセキ マデ

希少種の保護や過増加した在来種・外来種の対策など、野生動物をめぐるさまざまな課題に応えるフィールド調査法。各動物の食性や個体数に関する既存研究をまとめ、地図の読み方やフィールド機材の使い方、糞や足跡をはじめとする動物の痕跡の識別法を具体的に示し、得られた情報から食性や個体数、生息地を評価する方法を体系的に解説する

日本腎臓移植ネットワーク設立後,信州大学医学部附属病院において施行した腎移植の6例

Article信州医学雑誌 46(5): 337-348(1998)journal articl