福建水库空间分布特征:沿海密度高水量少、内陆密度低水量多

水库是福建重要的水资源.通过2013-2015年遥感影像结合Google Earth和天地图提取福建水库3353座,分布在81个县区,总面积647.51 km2,约占全省土地面积的0.5%;其中面积≤1 km2水库3248座,总面积197.16 km2,面积>1 km2水库105座,总面积450.35 km2.基于经验公式估算总蓄水量188.18亿m3,其中小型水库3078座(91.80%),蓄水总量37.06亿m3(19.69%),大中型水库275座(8.20%),蓄水总量151.12亿m3(80.31%).从空间分布格局来看,福建水库水资源空间分布不均,沿海六市水库密度大于三个内陆市,大中型水库主要分布于福建西北部,蓄水量呈现西北多、东南少的特点.单位陆地面积水库数量沿海城市县区均多于内陆,而单位人口水库数量则相反;单位面积水库蓄水量沿海与内陆差异不大,而人均蓄水量则沿海大部分县区远小于内陆.仅以水库作为供水水源,不能满足沿海地区用水,但内陆地区供水充足.水库蓄水对河流水体的平均滞留时间为0.053~0.341 a,除晋江流域受水库蓄水强烈影响外,其他流域受水库中等程度影响.国家自然科学基金项目(31370471);;福建省杰出青年科学基金项目(2012J06009)联合资

Necessity of nursing staff to carry out first aid skill training

目的探讨护理人员开展急救技能培训的必要性。方法选取本院60名护理人员为研究对象,对所选护理人员开展急救技能培训,急救技能培训分2个阶段进行,首先将所选60名护理人员随机分为对照组(30例)和研究组(30例),所有护理人员均接受第1阶段培训,再给予研究组第2阶段培训,培训后进行考核,比较2组护理人员考核状况。结果 2组护理人员接受培训后考核成绩,从口述、实践、理论3个方面来看,研究组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对护理人员开展急救技能培训存在一定必要性,可使护理人员急救能力得到提高,提高患者生命安全的保障度,值得临床推广。Objective To explore the necessity of nursing staff to carry out first aid skill training. Methods In our hospital, 60 cases of nursing staff were selected as the research objects, and in the first stage, they all received the basic emergency skill training. Then they were randomly divided into a control group(30 cases) and study group(30 cases),and the latter received the further training in the second stage. After that, the effects were evaluated and the results were compared between the two groups. Results The achievements of oral, practice and theory in the study group were better than those in the control group, and there was a significant difference between two groups(P<0.05). Conclusion It is necessary for nursing staff to carry out emergency skill training, which can improve the ability of emergency care, improve the safety of patients' lives, and it is worth popularizing

Research on the Object of Land Appreciation Tax

随着社会经济的发展，我国房地产业蒸蒸日上，已成为国民经济的支柱产业之一。而房地产业的健康发展，离不开国家宏观政策的干预和规范，在诸多宏观调控手段中，税收是最普遍的手段之一。近年来，我国房地产快速发展，房地产业经营利润大大提高，为规范房地产增值收益分配，增加国家财政收入，1994年，土地增值税应运而生，这是我国第一次对土地增值收益课税。土地增值税以转让房地产取得的增值额为征税对象，征税面广，其有效征收有利于增强国家对房地产市场的调控力度，控制土地炒买炒卖行为，保障国家土地合法权益。2000年以来，我国房地产市场以前所未有的高速度发展，存在投资过热的现象，为防止房地产泡沫被吹大，我国开展了新一轮房...With the social and economic development China's booming real estate industry has become a pillar industry of national economy. Without the intervention of national macroeconomic policies and norms, the real estate won’t development healthy. Tax is one of the most common macro-control means. In recent years, with the rapid development of real estate, real estate’s operating profit improved greatly...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：X200712009

Analysis on Online Dispute Resolution and Its Development in China

内容摘要 电子商务的应用给全球经贸注入了新的活力。频繁的跨国界、跨地区交易引起了大量跨国界、跨地区的民商事纠纷。而电子商务纠纷所具有的“无国界”等特性对传统的纠纷解决方式诉讼提出了严峻的挑战，当事人利用诉讼解决争议在管辖权、法律适用、判决承认和执行等诸多方面均遇到了难以克服的困难。在这种情况下,一种适应快捷高效的电子商务之需的替代性争端解决方式“在线纠纷解决机制”(OnlineDisputeResolution,简称ODR)应运而生。电子商务在中国正处于快速发展阶段，相应的在线纠纷也随之增多，如何及时解决这些纠纷以保障我国电子商务的健康快速发展，成为我国电子商务发展的当务之急。本文就OD...ABSTRACT The application of Electronic Commerce injects some new life into global economic and trade. Frequent transnational and trans-regional business activities arouse lots of equivalent civil and business disputes. Characteristics of E-commerce disputes, such as cross borders, challenge litigations--the traditional dispute resolution. Parties confront with insurmountable difficulties in ju...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：1292006115064

Application of yeasts in wastewater treatment

酵母菌既具有细菌单细胞、生长快、能形成很好的絮体、适应于各种不同的反应器等特点,又具有真菌细胞大、代谢旺盛,耐酸、耐高渗透压、耐高浓度的有机底物等特性,因而可用于多类难处理有机废水的处理,并且具有处理效率高、污泥负荷高、占地面积小、剩余污泥可回收用作饲料蛋白等特殊的优越性。酵母菌废水处理技术有望成为常规好氧和厌氧处理技术的重要补充而在工业废水治理中发挥重要作用。Yeast cells have both the virtues of bacteria (living in single cell, growing fast, forming good flocs and suitable for various bioreactors) and fungi (high tolerance to acids, high salt and high concentration of substrates). When used in wastewater treatment, the yeast technology permits a high COD load and a small bioreactor and could endure various bad wastewater environments such as acid, high osmotic pressures and so on. Its residual sludge normally contains high protein and can be used as good additives in animal food. So this technology is expected to be a promising supplement for traditional aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment techniques to solve some intractable problems in industrial pollution.国家自然科学基金资助项目(50278095

Study on the Effect of Hydrolytic Acidification on Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment with Activated Sludge Process

厦门市杏林污水处理厂采用以生化法为主体的工艺: 水解酸化(H) —厌氧—缺氧—好氧活性污泥法(简称AA/O法) 处理以工业废水为主的城市污水, 经过三年时间的生产实践, 结果表明: 处理的出水水质稳定, 处理效率高且有甚佳的除磷效果本研究承国家自然科学基金(批准号: 30070157) 资

数字微流控技术及其在生物分析中的应用

数字微流控技术是一种基于微电极阵列来实现离散液滴精确控制的新型液滴操纵技术。这种基于介电润湿现象实现的液滴电操纵体系,相比于传统微流控芯片具有自动化、可寻址、可动态配置、易集成等特点。该文介绍了数字微流控技术液滴驱动原理,总结了芯片的结构和常用的制作方法,举例阐述了现阶段该技术在生物分析化学领域的应用,并对其应用前景做了展望。国家自然科学基金资助项目(21735004,21435004,21775128,21705024,21521004);;长江学者和创新研究团队项目(IRT13036

新型电动推拿椅产品造型设计

设计一款新型电动推拿椅,主要包括支架设计:把手、行走系统、底座等零部件设计,以及机械推拿方式研究:推拿传动系统主要零部件设计等;并利用三维设计软件进行模拟装配,由此确定系统各零部件的结构尺寸和方案等,为有关企业生产提供参考

不同配合饲料对日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗生产性能的影响

试验以水蚯蚓为对照组饲料,探讨益多美配合饲料和国外某品牌配合饲料对日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗生产性能的影响。结果表明,益多美配合饲料组的玻璃鳗平均存活率最高,为77.34%,为水蚯蚓组的1.64倍;国外饲料组和益多美饲料组玻璃鳗的平均增重率分别是水蚯蚓组的1.83和1.70倍;配合饲料转化率优于水蚯蚓,其中益多美饲料组的平均饲料转化率(27.3%)略高于国外饲料组(26.3%)。公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目nyhyzx07-043-1

NMR-based Metabonomics Study of Patients with Cerebral Infraction Complication in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的应用氢谱核磁共振代谢组学(1H-nMr)方法研究2型糖尿病(T2dM)合并脑梗死患者血清中小分子代谢物代谢轮廓的变化,探讨2型糖尿病合并脑梗死的可能发病机制。方法选择T2dM合并脑梗死患者19例、单纯T2dM患者25例及健康对照者29例,利用1H-nMr方法检测血清的代谢轮廓,通过偏最小二乘判别分析方法,鉴别各组别间血清小分子代谢物的区别。结果从血清偏最小二乘判别分析得分图中可以区分3组患者,与T2dM合并脑梗死有关的特征代谢物包括极低密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、葡萄糖、乳酸、丙酮酸、3-羟基丁酸、n-乙酰糖蛋白、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、前列腺素d2、前列腺素E2、同型半胱氨酸、氧化三甲胺、甜菜碱等。结论脂类代谢、糖代谢、氨基酸代谢的紊乱可能在T2dM合并脑梗死的发病中起到重要作用。炎症因子、同型半胱氨酸的增加,肠道菌群失调引起的氧化三甲胺、甜菜碱的浓度改变可能也与T2dM合并脑梗死的发生有一定关系。Aim To investigate the possible mechanism of cerebral infarction in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) through identifying the changes of metabolic products in serum by applying the method of 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR).Methods Nineteen patients with cerebral infarction complication in T2DM,25 T2DM patients without cerebral infarction and 29 healthy controls were included in our study.The micromolecular substances of each participant in serum were detected by 1H-NMR.The metabolic profile of each participant was obtained.The partial least square discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) was used to examine the difference of metabolic profile among groups.Results Based on the analysis of score plots of groups,the T2DM patients with cerebral infarction,T2DM patients without cerebral infarction and the group of healthy controls were clearly distinguished by applying PLS-DA.The characteristic metabolic products of patients with cerebral infarction complication in T2DM included very low density lipoprotein(VLDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL),glucose,3-hydroxy butanoic acid,lactate,pyruvic acid,glycoprotein,leucine,valine,prostaglandin D2,E2,homocysteine,trimethylamine oxide(TMAO) and betaine.Conclusions The results of our study suggested that the metabolic disorders of lipids,carbohydrate and amino acid may play essential role in the development of T2DM with cerebral infarction.The elevated level of prostaglandin D2,E2 and homocysteine might play a role in the occurrence of cerebral infarction in T2DM.The change of TMAO and betaine which were caused by enteric dysbacteriosis,also might be related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction in type 2 diabetes mellitus