[[alternative]]Intelligent Consultant System for Concrete Pavement Evaluation and Rehabilitation (II)

計畫編號：NSC89-2211-E032-007研究期間：199908~200007研究經費：360,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

[[alternative]]Reevaluation and Application of the Aashto Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide

計畫編號：NSC96-2221-E032-036研究期間：200708~200807研究經費：528,000[[abstract]]鑑於在過去研究成果中發現，鋪面績效資料分析常常違反了傳統迴歸法對於隨機誤 差所做的假設。鋪面績效資料屬於多層次資料的一種，傳統迴歸方法不適合用來處理分 析多層次資料。因為資料的結構具有層級性，多層次模式的資料探索分析、統計模式的 建立及模式評估比標準複迴歸複雜。因此，極需利用上述方法以改善系統化的統計與工 程分析方法來改善現有鋪面績效預測模式。此外，現地蒐集的LTPP 長期鋪面績效資料 變異性極大，更增添了利用多層線性模式(HLMs)或線性混合模式(LMEs)來分析LTPP 長 期鋪面績效資料庫的困難度。 因此，本計畫擬以三年三期的方式，從事「美國最新鋪面暫行手冊之評估與應用」 研究，除了將持續利用LTPP 資料庫外，並將利用美國AASHO 道路試驗的原始資料， 配合線性混合模式與當代迴歸技術之分析與應用，深入探討AASHTO 柔性鋪面與剛性 鋪面設計公式與標準軸重當量(ESAL)觀念之適用性，以及暫行手冊之本土應用問題，主 要的研究內容包括： 1. 國內外相關研究之文獻蒐集與整理。 2. 美國最新鋪面暫行手冊(MEPDG)之評估。 3. LTPP DataPave Online 交通資料之擷取與彙整。 4. 軸重頻譜與標準軸重當量關係之研究。 5. AASHO 道路試驗原始資料的擷取與彙整。 6. 利用視覺圖法與線性混合模式來分析柔性與剛性鋪面道路試驗資料。 7. 利用當代迴歸技術來分析柔性與剛性鋪面道路試驗資料。 8. 檢視標準軸重當量之觀念並探討其適用性。 9. 探討最新鋪面設計暫行手冊(MEPDG)之本土化應用問題。 10. 我國現行鋪面交通荷重資料分析問題之研究。 11. LTPP 柔性與剛性鋪面功能性指標(IRI)資料之擷取與分析。 12. 研究成果之彙整與應用。 此外，本研究最後並將驗證研究成果的正確性與適用性，以期將此成果應用在未來 鋪面分析與管理之工作上，使我國有限經費做最有效之利用。[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

PCAWIN program for jointed concrete pavement design

[[abstract]]The primary objective of this study is to unveil the technical know how of the Portland Cement Association (PCA) pavement thickness design procedure. The PCA thickness design criteria are to limit the number of load repetitions based on both fatigue analysis and erosion analysis to prevent the first crack initiation due to critical edge stresses as well as to prevent pavement failures such as pumping, erosion of foundation, and joint faulting due to critical corner deflections. The PCA design equations have been implemented in a window-based computer program (PCAWIN) to facilitate verification against the well-known PCAPAV program. The PCAWIN program was designed to be highly user-friendly and thus came with many well-organized graphical interfaces, selection menus, and command buttons for easy use. Both English version and Chinese version of the program are available at the web site: http://teg.ce.tku.edu.tw. Many tentative modification alternatives including the reconsideration of design period and traffic, axle load distributions, temperature curling and moisture warping, modified equivalent stress calculation, the determination of equivalent stress factors, subbase and subgrade support, and design reliability are discussed.[[notice]]補正完畢[[incitationindex]]E

[[alternative]]Adjacent Slabs and Temperature Curling Effects on Rigid Pavement Backcalculation

計畫編號：NSC89-2211-E032-032研究期間：200008~200107研究經費：339,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

[[alternative]]Development and Application of Automatic Stress Analysis Program for Slab Track (I)

計畫編號：NSC91-2211-E032-021研究期間：200208~200307研究經費：388,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

[[alternative]]Development and Applications of Pavement Performance Prediction Models (II)

計畫編號：NSC94-2211-E032-014研究期間：200508~200607研究經費：450,000[[abstract]]鋪面績效預測模式在鋪面設計、鋪面評估與維修、與鋪面管理系統扮演著極為重要 的角色，然而在鋪面績效資料分析時，常常發現它違反了傳統迴歸法對於隨機誤差所做 的假設。鋪面績效資料屬於多層次資料的一種，分析此類的資料通常採用多層次線性模 式/線性混合模式(HLMs/ LMEs)。因為資料的結構具有層級性，多層次模式的資料探索 分析、統計模式的建立及模式評估比標準複迴歸複雜。因此，極需研擬如何利用上述方 法以改善系統化的統計與工程分析方法來構建鋪面績效預測模式。計畫主持人擬以三年 三期的方式（第一期計畫已獲 貴會核定執行中），利用美國長程鋪面績效資料庫LTPP DataPave Online (http://www.datapave.com)從事「鋪面績效預測模式的構建與應用」研 究，主要的研究內容包括： 1. 鋪面標準損壞調查手冊之研擬。 2. 美國長期鋪面績效資料庫之本土化應用。 3. 研擬系統化的統計與工程分析方法：探討傳統迴歸方法(線性與非線性迴歸)、 當代迴歸技術、與線性混合模式之適用性與應用。 4. 建立剛性鋪面績效預測模式：分別建立維修前與維修後鋪面之橫向裂縫、縱向 裂縫、接縫破壞、 高差、PSR、與IRI 等預測模式。 5. 建立柔性鋪面績效預測模式：分別建立柔性維修前與維修後鋪面之裂縫、車 轍、PSR、與IRI 等預測模式。 6. 績效預測模式的本土化應用。 7. 預測模式的本土化應用與系統整合(ICSMART-R, NETDSD, TKUNET)。 8. 查詢網站與相關連結之建立。 此外，本研究將於計畫最後以實際案例分析，驗證研究成果的正確性與適用性，並建 立回饋機制，以期望此一鋪面管理系統能成為適合於國內使用的決策輔助工具。[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

[[alternative]]Pavement Dynamic Segmentation Database Structure and Network Rehabilitation Optimization System

計畫編號：NSC90-2211-E032-014研究期間：200108~200207研究經費：367,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

[[alternative]]Development and Application of Automatic Stress Analysis Program for Slab Track (II)

計畫編號：NSC92-2211-E032-013研究期間：200308~200407研究經費：388,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

Expression of Fusion Protein of Parathyroid Hormone and Transferrin N-terminal Half-molecule in Pichia pastoris

利用重叠PCR技术将PTH(parathyroidhormone,甲状旁腺激素)基因与TFN(transferrinN_terminalhalf_molecule,转铁蛋白N端半分子)基因在体外融合,融合基因克隆至真核表达载体pPIC9中,转化毕赤酵母GS115。转化子经甲醇诱导后,融合蛋白得到了表达并分泌到发酵上清液中。经SPSepharoseFF阳离子交换层析、PhenylSepharoseFastFlow疏水层析纯化获得了纯度大于95%的PTH_TFN样品。Westernblot分析及腺苷酸环化酶实验证明融合蛋白中的PTH具有与抗PTH抗体结合能力及刺激腺苷酸环化酶的活性,铁饱和实验证明融合蛋白中的TFN和单独的TFN具有相同铁结合能力。因而TFN可望作为PTH的天然运输载体。The fused gene (PTH_TFN) of parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene and transferring N_terminal half_molecule (TFN) gene was amplified by multiple PCR and inserted into pPIC9 vector. The recombinant plasmid pPIC9_PTH_TFN was transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115 by PEG. After methanol induction, the target protein was expressed in fermentation supernatant at high level.The fused protein PTH_TFN with purity being higher than 95% was finally obtained after purification through two_step chromatography : SP Sepharose Fast Flow and Phenyl Sepharose Fast Flow.Western blot analysis and adenylate cyclase assay proved that the fused protein exhibited the bioactivity to stimulate cAMP synthesis and the ability to bind Fe ~3+ in the Fe ~3+ saturation study as the recombinant TFN did indicating that TFN could be used as the transcellar carrier of PTH.国家高技术研究与发展项目基金资助(No.2004AA215172)。~

Lithium Storage Performance of Hard Carbons Anode Materials Prepared by Different Precursors

以聚丙烯腈、石油沥青和花生壳为前驱体,在1200℃下碳化制备三种不同的硬碳材料。通过扫描电子显微、X射线衍射、氮气吸附/脱附测试和拉曼光谱等方法探究不同前驱体所制备的硬碳材料的表面形貌和物相结构。通过恒流充放电测试考察了这三种硬碳负极材料的电化学性能。结果表明,花生壳基硬碳的初始放电比容量最高,但首圈库仑效率最低,石油沥青基硬碳的首圈库仑效率最高但是比容量最低,聚丙烯腈基硬碳具有较高的循环比容量和稳定性。Hard carbon is one of the most promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high stability, widespread availability, low-cost, and excellent performance. The electrochemical properties of hard carbon materials depend strongly on the type of precursors. It is, therefore, very important to choose an excellent hard carbon precursor. Polyacrylonitrile, petroleum pitch and peanut shells were used as raw materials to prepare different hard carbon anode materials for LIBs. These hard carbon anode materials were successfully synthesized in two steps. The selected precursor was firstly carbonized at 600℃ for 1 h in argon atmosphere using heating rate of 1℃·min-1, and then was further carbonized at 1200℃ for 1h in argon atmosphere using heating rate of 5℃·min-1. Under such a low heating rate, a relatively small specific surface area could be obtained as much as possible for the hard carbon anode material. The surface morphology and phase structure of as synthesized hard carbon materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, nitrogen adsorption analyzer and Raman spectrometer. The ion carrier storage mechanism was further investigated using cyclic voltammetry by examining whether the ion insertion/extraction mechanism is surface-controlled pseudocapacitance or diffusion-limited intercalation. It was further verified that the lithium storage mechanism of hard carbon anode materials is in line with the “adsorption-intercalation” mechanism. The results indicated that polyacrylonitrile-derived hard carbon anode material had low impedance by EIS test. This may be the reason why the low voltage platform of polyacrylonitrile-derived hard carbon materials had a higher specific capacity. The electrochemical performance of different hard carbon materials were investigated through galvanostatic charge and discharge tests. The peanut shell-derived hard carbon material showed the highest initial specific capacity (579.1 mAh·g-1), but the lowest initial coulombic efficiency (49.35%). The petroleum pitch-derived one delivered the highest initial coulombic efficiency (85.97%), but the lowest initial specific capacity (301.7 mAh·g-1). Comparing the cycle performance of these three hard carbon materials, polyacrylonitrile-derived hard carbon materials exhibited the excellent cycling performance (87.17% of capacity over 500 cycles). This study would provide useful assistance to understand the precursor-derived electrochemical properties of hard carbon anode material in practical applications.国家自然科学基金面上项目(21673051);广东省科技厅国际合作项目资助(2019A050510043);广东省科技厅产学研重大专项(2017B010119003)通讯作者:施志聪E-mail:[email protected]:Zhi-CongShiE-mail:[email protected]广东工业大学材料与能源学院,新能源材料与器件系,广东 广州 510000Department of New Energy Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, Chin