Analyses on nitration in bottom water in marine-cage-cultured area

根据1998年4月至1999年2月对厦门西海域网箱养殖区底层海水中NH3 N、NO2-的含量变化规律的分析,结合环境因子水温(t)、DO、pH、COD等对发生在养殖底层海水中的氮的硝化作用进行了分析。结果表明,网箱养殖区底层水N的正常代谢偶联,是养殖水体保持稳定的重要条件。Based on monitoring data from Aug.1998～Feb.1999 in marine cultured cage from western Xiamen sea,the variation of NH3N,NO2-, relationships among NH3N,NO2- and enviornmental key parameters (t,DO,pH) were disscussed .Nitration also was analysed. The result shown that metabolism coupling of nitrogen is the basis of selfpurification ability in the bottomwater and to keep it stable in marinecagecultured.福建省专项基金(K81119

丹江口水库鲤肠道寄生蠕虫群落结构与季节动态

2004年2月到2005年11月在丹江口水库库区206尾鲤(Cyprinus carpio)肠道中检获蠕虫11种,其中复殖吸虫3种,线虫5种,棘头虫2种,绦虫1种。总体感染率为45.63%,平均感染丰度为4.23±12.65,平均感染强度为9.29±17.48,其中饭岛盾腹吸虫(Aspidogaster ijimai)的总感染率(25.24%)和平均感染丰度(1.76±6.46)最大,瓣睾鲫吸虫(Carassatrema lamellorchis)的感染强度(25.00±46.68)最大。除部分平均感染丰度较低的线虫如鲤带巾线虫(Cucullanus cyprini)外,其他蠕虫的分布类型均为聚集分布,蠕虫群落多样性指数为4.63,均匀度指数为0.60,对群落多样性的季节动态分析表明,各季节群落多样性和均匀度波动较大,并无明显变化规律。每尾鲤感染蠕虫种数多在1—4种之间,所有感染的11种蠕虫中优势种为饭岛盾腹吸虫;次优势种为日本侧殖吸虫(Asymphylodora japonica)、中华许氏绦虫(Khawia sinensis)、瓣睾棘吸虫和鲤长棘吻虫(Rhadinarhynchus cyprini);非优势种为对盲囊线虫(Contracaecum sp.)、鲤带巾线虫、鲤杆咽吸虫(Rhabdochona cyprini)、黄颡刺盖线虫(Spinitectus gigi)、毛细线虫(Capillaria sp.)和木村小棘吻虫(Micracanthorhynchina motomurai)。在种间协调关系方面,鲤杆咽线虫和瓣睾鲫吸虫、鲤长棘吻虫和饭岛盾腹吸虫、对盲囊线虫和木村小棘吻虫、鲤长棘吻虫和木村小棘吻虫之间分别存在显著正关联。对优势种和次优势种蠕虫中种群的季节动态分析表明,鲤寄生蠕虫各组分的感染率和平均感染丰度存在显著的季节差异,在秋、冬季节的感染水平普遍比较高,而到春夏则急剧下降,但中华许氏绦虫无显著季节变化

Detection of Hantavirus Genome by New Pairs of Hantavirus Universal Primers in HFRS Patients Serum

目的:提高汉坦病毒(HV)的检出率。方法:设计了两对新的汉坦病毒(HV)通用引物,建立新的RT-PCR方法,对流行于湖北省不同地区的肾综合征出血热(HFRS)患者血清进行了检测。结果:在对166份血清中HV RNA的检测显示HTN型阳性率为80.1%(133/166),SEO型为19.9%(33/166);对不同浓度的HV RNA检测结果显示,本法最低可检测出血清中72 pg病毒基因组。结论:说明本法用于检测HFRS患者血清中HV RNA的特异性和敏感性均很高,且我国中部地区HFRS流行以HTN为优势型,这一结果不仅为HFRS的诊断提供了新的手段,也为HFRS的防治提供了新的依据。 【英文摘要】 Objective: To improve the detection rate of Hantavirus.Methods: Two new pairs of Hantavirus universal primers was designed to detect the Hantavirus genome RNA in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) patient s serum in Hubei Province by RT-PCR.Results: In the 166 serum,80.1%(133/166) were detected to be HTN and 19.9%(33/166) were SEO in serology typing.At the same time,even a low level of Hantavirus genome RNA(≥72 pg) could be detected by this method.Conclusion: It is an excellent method to detect Han...国家“863”计划(编号:2007AA02Z465);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:30770096

丹江口水库水位抬高面临的挑战及其对策

移民与生态环境问题是丹江口水库水位抬高所面临的主要问题。移民问题是水位抬高首当其冲需要解决的难题,存在政策法规、移民资金、安置措施、脱贫致富等问题,需要以市场为导向,综合考虑诸多因素,制定可行的移民规划,确保移民的稳定和发展。生态环境问题是非常艰巨的问题,水土流失严重、污染源与污染总量日益增加、水质下降、支流库湾富营养化进程加剧等问题将困扰水库的运行与管理,后靠移民的生产生活也在一定程度上对生态环境产生影响;建议成立专门的监管机构,全方位开展水源地保护工作,确保水库水质安全和南水北调中线工程战略目标的实

纳米Co_3O_4的制备及其在富氢气氛下CO选择氧化反应中的催化性能

过渡金属氧化物四氧化三钴(Co3O4)在CO氧化反应中展示了较好的低温活性.Co3O4催化剂用于富氢气氛下CO选择氧化反应已引起了人们极大的关注,具有潜在的应用前景.采用液相沉淀-热解氧化方法制备了2种不同形貌的纳米Co3O4.用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等技术考察了包括沉淀剂种类、老化时间、焙烧温度等合成条件对生成Co3O4形貌、晶粒尺度的影响.制备的Co3O4的外形与沉淀前驱物外形直接相关.焙烧温度越高,Co3O4的颗粒越大.研究了制得的Co3O4在富氢气氛下CO选择氧化反应中的催化性能.对比以上方法制备的Co3O4的催化性能发现,催化剂的粒径和比表面积与催化剂的活性存在关联.使用尿素沉淀法并经250~300℃空气热解氧化制得的Co3O4具有较好的催化活性

差异化设施布局下的建筑物人流疏散效率研究

建筑物内行人疏散受时间和空间限制,各种出入口、通道和瓶颈错综复杂。依托既有建筑空间,设计了正常疏散人群下3种不同设施布局方案,估计了各方案不同瓶颈影响下的安全逃生最短时间,并建立了考虑设施布局和动态信息的建筑物安全疏散模型,并通过仿真,对比分析了不同方案间的疏散时间、区域密度的变化和疏散效率。研究表明,模型计算与仿真能够有效的估计不同设施布局下的行人疏散效率,进而为不同的设施布局方案的选取提供建议。北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(X18030),北京建筑大学教学科学研究项目(Y1806

Effects of transfection with acidic fibroblast growth factor by electroporation on skeletal muscle satellite cells

背景:课题组早期研究表明体外一定剂量酸性成纤维细胞生长因子对骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖有促进作用。目的:进一步验证电穿孔转染酸性成纤维细胞生长因子基因对骨骼肌卫星细胞生长、增殖及分化的影响。方法:原代培养、纯化骨骼肌卫星细胞,将带有酸性成纤维细胞生长因子基因的质粒P SECTAg-gfP-A fgf通过电转染的方法转染大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞,荧光显微镜观察绿色荧光蛋白的表达情况并计算转染率,以流式细胞仪分析转染后细胞周期,绘制细胞生长曲线,观察转染后肌管形成情况,WESTErn blOTIng检测酸性成纤维细胞生长因子基因的表达。结果与结论:1免疫细胞化学检测:骨骼肌肌动蛋白呈阳性表达。2转染效率:P SECTAg-A fgf质粒电转染12 H后即可看见散在发绿色荧光的卫星细胞,72-96 H达高峰,阳性表达率约90%。3细胞周期检测:电转染后S期所占的百分比明显多于未转染对照组(P<0.05)。4细胞生长曲线检测:电转染细胞接种后第3天进入对数生长期,第5天后开始减少。5分化能力观察:电转染组肌管较未转染对照组明显减少,老化细胞较少。6WESTErn-blOT:酸性成纤维细胞生长因子基因在转染骨骼肌卫星细胞中表达。结果表明,通过电穿孔法可以将酸性成纤维细胞生长因子基因转染进骨骼肌卫星细胞并获得高效持久的表达,并有促进骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖及抑制分化为肌管的作用。BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that a certain dose of acidic fibroblast growth factor can promote skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation in vitro.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of transfection with acidic fibroblast growth factor by electroporation on growth, proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells.METHODS: Skeletal muscle satellite cells were cultured and purified, and then transfected with plasmid p Sectag-GFP-a FGF by electroporation.The expression of green fluorescent protein was observed under fluorescence microscope, and the transfection efficiency was calculated.After transfection, cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry to draw the growth curve of skeletal muscle satellite cells.Western blot assay was employed to measure protein level of acidic fibroblast growth factor.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Immunocytochemistry detection: The skeletal muscle satellite cells were positive for a-sarcomeric actin.(2) Transfection efficiency: At 12 hours after transfection with p Sectag-a FGF, several cells showed green fluorescence, and the green fluorescent expression reached the peak at 72-96 hours after transfection with a positive rate of about 90%.(3) Cell cycle: After electrotransfection, the proportion of cells at S phase in the electroporation group was higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05).(4) Cell growth curve: At 3 days after electrotransfection, the cells entered logarithmic growth phase but the proliferation slowed down at 5 days.(5) Differentiation capacity: There were fewer myotubes and aging cells in the electroporation group than the control group.(6) Western blot assay: Acidic fibroblast growth factor protein was highly expressed in the cells transfected with target gene detected by western blot assay.These findings indicate that by using electroporation method, acidic fibroblast growth factor can be transferred into skeletal muscle satellite cells and have a high-efficiency and long-term expression, which can promote the proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells and inhibit formation of myotubes

Preparation of self-assembled cholesterol modified pullulan nanopaticles

的:经琥珀酸间隔臂将胆甾醇连接到普鲁兰分子链上,对普鲁兰多糖进行疏水改性,获得不同取代度的胆甾醇基-普鲁兰(cholesterol-modified pullulan,CHSP)改性材料,并研究CHSP材料在水中的自组装性质。方法:利用1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)催化琥珀酰胆甾醇(cholesterol succinate,CHS)与普鲁兰多糖反应,将琥珀酰胆甾醇接枝在普鲁兰分子链的羟基上,得到疏水改性的普鲁兰多糖衍生物。应用傅立叶红外光谱仪(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FT-IR),核磁共振仪(proton nuclear magnetic resonance,1H-NMR)对产物进行表征。利用透析法制备自组装纳米球。通过透射电镜(transmission electron microscopy,TEM),动态激光粒度分析仪(dynamic laser lightscattering,DLS)表征了纳米粒的形态和粒径。以芘为荧光探针,通过荧光检测分析,测定CHSP的临界胶束浓度(critical... 【英文摘要】 Objective:To synthesize cholesterol-modified pullulan(CHSP) conjugates and to preparate self-assembled nanoparticles.Methods:The cholesterol-modified pullulan(CHSP) was prepared by the reaction of pullulan and cholesterol succinate(CHS) in DMSO,using EDC and DMAP as catalysts.The polymer structure was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR).The self-assembled nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),dynamic las...国家重大科学研究计划项目(2006CB933300);; 博士点基金(20060023050

Development of Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of PML/RARα Fusion Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

针对急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APl)中PMl/rArα融合基因的碱基序列,设计了锁核酸(lnA)修饰的发夹结构捕获探针,结合信号探针构建新型的“三明治“电化学传感模式。信号探针末端修饰的生物素可与酶上的亲和素结合,通过检测酶催化H2O2氧化底物3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMb)产生的电化学信号,实现对靶序列的检测。该传感器可识别和定量检测PbS缓冲液中人工合成的PMl/rArα融合基因序列。结果表明,该传感器能很好地区分互补序列、单碱基及多碱基错配序列,杂交电流值与目标链浓度在1.0x10-11~1.6x10-10 MOl/l范围内呈较好的线性关系,检出限为1.0x10-13 MOl/l。同时,该新型传感器成功地用于无稀释人血清中PMl/rArα融合基因的检测,具有特异性强、灵敏度高和重复性好的优点,有望用于临床实际样品的检测,进而实现临床上急性早幼粒细胞白血病的早期诊断及预后判断。A novel DNA electrochemical probe(locked nucleic acid,LNA) was designed and involved in constructing an electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of PML/RARα fusion gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).This biosensor was based on a "sandwich" detection strategy,which involved a pair of LNA probes,e.g.hairpin capture probe and reporter probe.Streptavidin-HRP was bound to biotin labeled at the end of reporter probe via streptavidin-biotin affinity binding.In the presence of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),HRP catalyzed the oxidation of the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidene(TMB) to offer an enzymatically amplified electrochemical current signal for the detection of target DNA.This sensor was applied in the direct quantitative detection of synthetic PML/RARα fusion gene in PBS buffer.The results indicated that the biosensor showed an excellent specificity to distinguish the complementary sequence and different mismatch sequences.A linear relationship between the amperometric signal and the target concentration was obtained in the range of 1.0×10-11-1.6×10-10 mol/L with a detection limit of 1.0×10-13 mol/L.In addition,the biosensor was used for the determination of PML/RARα fusion gene in human serum samples without dilution with high sensitivity,selectivity and good repeatability.This method would be expected to use in real sample for further solving the actural problems of early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of APL.863计划资助项目(2008AA02Z433);福建省高校产学研科技重点项目(2010Y4003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(20805006;20975021);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J05019

Uptake and Metabolism Kinetics of TBT in Whelk(Thais clavigera)Exposed to Dietary

将牡蛎消化腺分别暴露在1000ng.l-1和100ng.l-1TbT水溶液中4周,然后将染毒的牡蛎消化腺分别投喂疣荔枝螺(THAIS ClAVIgErA)。经过45d的暴露和30d的净化,我们发现雌雄疣荔枝螺的消化和生殖系统能较快地吸收TbT(吸收速率ku=0.004-0.022.d-1),并且其代谢(生物代谢系数bdI=5.59-23.30)和排出速率(净化速率kE=0.024-0.053.d-1)也相对较快,各器官中TbT的代谢产物MbT占了相对较高的比例,因此TbT在食物链传递过程中没有出现生物放大的现象。此外,TbT有逐渐从雌螺消化系统向生殖系统转移的趋势,并且雌螺生殖系统对TbT的吸收和富集能力(ku=0.006-0.022.d-1,生物放大系数bMf=0.181-0.664)要显著强于雄螺(ku=0.004-0.014.d-1,生物放大系数bMf=0.142-0.376),但其代谢和净化速率(bdI=5.59-10.50,kE=0.024-0.025.d-1)却显著低于雄螺(bdI=11.5-12.4,kE=0.031-0.050.d-1),雌螺的生殖系统被认为是TbT转移和富集的潜在靶器官,这对我们今后开展TbT污染的环境监测和评价具有重要的参考价值。Oysters were respectively exposed to 1000 ng·L-1 and 100 ng·L-1 tributyltin(TBT) aqueous for 4 weeks,which was as dietary to feed the female and male Thais clavigera whelks for 45 days.Then these Thais clavigera were depurated for 30 days.The results show that TBT rapidly accumulated in their digestive and reproductive organs(ku=0.004-0.022 d-1).Moreover,elimination and biotransformation of TBT were also rapid(BDI=5.6-23.30,ke=0.024-0.053 d-1).MBT was the dominant metabolite in each tissue.Therefore,bio-magnification of TBT did not occur during the trophic transfer process.Additionally,to females,the mobilization of TBT from digestive to reproductive organs and bioaccumulation of TBT(ku=0.006-0.022 d-1,BMF=0.181-0.664) were more obvious than that of the males.However,lower metabolism and elimination of TBT(BDI=5.6-10.5,ke=0.024-0.025 d-1) in female reproductive organs,which indicated that the reproductive organs of females were the main targets of TBT accumulation.The results are important to the risk assessment of TBT contamination in coastal environments.国家“863”项目No.2007AA09Z126;国家自然科学基金项目No.40476048;20777060;海洋公益性行业科研专项经费;No.20080509