Bazı özel diyofant denklemleri ve çözümleri

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu tez temel olarak altı bölümden ve bu bölümler de kendi içerisinde alt bölümlerden oluşmuştur. Birinci bölümde; sayılar teorisi ile ilgili temel tanımlar ve teoremler verildi. İkinci bölümde; Kuadratik cisimler, Kuadratik tamsayılar, Kuadratik cisimlerde birimler ve asallarla ilgili tanımlar ve teoremler verildi. Ayrıca, tek türlü çarpanlara ayrılabilen bölge hakkında bilgi verildi. Tek türlü çarpanlara ayrılabilen bölge yardımıyla bazı Diyofant denklemleri çözüldü. Üçüncü bölümde; Pisagor üçlüleri ile ilgili tanımlar ve teoremler verildi. Ayrıca, bazı özel Diyofant denklemlerinin çözümleri araştırıldı. Dördüncü bölümde; Mordell denklemleri ile ilgili bazı tanımlar ve teoremler verildi. Beşinci bölümde; Genelleştirilmiş Fibonacci ve Lucas dizileri yardımı ile bazı Diyofant denklemleri çözüldü. Son olarak altıncı bölümde; Fibonacci ve Lucas dizileri yardımı ile bazı özel Diyofant denklemleri çözüldü. Anahtar Kelimeler :Diyofant Denklemleri, Tek türlü çarpanlara ayrılabilen bölge, Pisagor üçlüleri, Genelleştirilmiş Fibonacci ve Lucas DizileriThis thesis consist of fundamentally six chapters and these chapters consist of subchapters in itself. In the first chapter, fundamental definitions and theorems concerning number theory are given. In the second chapter, quadratic fields, quadratic integers, definitions and theorems concerning units and primes in quadratic fields are given. Moreover, the information about unique factorization domain is given. Some Diophantine equations are solved with the help of unique factorization domain. In the third chapter, definitions and theorems concerning pytheporian triples are given. Moreover, solutions of some special Diophantine equations are investigated. In the fourth chapter, definitions and theorems concerning Mordell equations are given. In the fifth chapter, some Diophantine equations are solved with the help of Generalized Fibonacci and Lucas Sequences Finally, in the sixth chapter, some special Diophantine equations are solved with the help of Fibonacci and Lucas Sequences. Keywords: Diophantine Equations, Unique factorization domain, Pytheporian triples, Generalized Fibonacci and Lucas Sequence

The efficacy and safety of omalizumab in refractory chronspontaneous urticaria: Real-life experience in Turkey

Introduction: This study used real-world data to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of omalizumab in treating recalcitrant chronic spontaneous urticaria in Turkish patients. Methods: Study data were collected retrospectively from eight tertiary-care hospitals in Turkey. This study included 132 patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria that were resistant to H1 antihistamine treatment in a dose up to four times the licensed dose and were treated with 300 mg/month of omalizumab for 6 months. Results: The mean weekly urticarial activity score (UAS7) after omalizumab treatment improved significantly compared to the pretreatment score (p <0.001). Treatment response was detected primarily in the 1st and 2nd months after treatment. No significant association was observed between omalizumab’s treatment effectiveness and disease-related parameters or laboratory data. The mean dermatology life quality index was 23.12 ± 6.15 before treatment and decreased to 3.55 ± 3.60 6 months after treatment (p <0.001). No side effects were reported in 89.4% (118) of the patients. Conclusion: This study showed that UAS7 decreased significantly and quality of life improved in omalizumab-treated patients. Moreover, treatment effectiveness was mainly observed in the first 2 months after treatment. However, no association was observed between omalizumab treatment effectiveness and disease-related parameters or laboratory data

Analysis of proliferative activity in oral gingival epithelium in immunosuppressive medication induced gingival overgrowth

BACKGROUND: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is a frequent adverse effect associated principally with administration of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A and also certain antiepileptic and antihypertensive drugs. It is characterized by a marked increase in the thickness of the epithelial layer and accumulation of excessive amounts of connective tissue. The mechanism by which the drugs cause gingival overgrowth is not yet understood. The purpose of this study was to compare proliferative activity of normal human gingiva and in cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth. METHODS: Gingival samples were collected from 12 generally healthy individuals and 22 Cyclosporin A-medicated renal transplant recipients. Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was evaluated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded gingival samples using an immunoperoxidase technique and a monoclonal antibody for this antigen. RESULTS: There were differences between the Cyclosporin A group and control group in regard to proliferating cell nuclear antigen and epithelial thickness. In addition, the degree of stromal inflammation was higher in the Cyclosporin A group when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the increased epithelial thickness observed in Cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth is associated with increased proliferative activity in keratinocytes

Expression of caspase-3, p53 and Bcl-2 in generalized aggressive periodontitis

BACKGROUND: Apoptosis, or programmed cell death is a form of physiological cell death. It is increased or decreased in the presence of infection, inflammation or tissue remodelling. Previous studies suggest that apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical features and known indicators of apoptosis (p53, Bcl-2, Caspase-3) in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) METHODS: Eight patients with GAP, who had sites with probing depths (PD) > 5 mm, and 10 periodontally-healthy persons were included in the study. Clinical examinations and PD were performed, and the plaque index and gingival index were recorded. Gingival tissues biopsies were obtained from active site of each patient and from healthy individuals. The expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2, and p53 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry RESULTS: There were no significant differences between GAP and control group with respect to levels of caspase-3 and p53 expression (P > 0.05). Contrary, the frequency of grade 3 expression of Bcl-2 was higher in GAP group than the control group. CONCLUSION: The higher frequency of Bcl-2 expression in GAP group indicates and delayed apoptosis can lead to increasing resident inflammatory cells in periodontal tissues and resulting in progressive periodontal destruction

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe

Abdelkader Fassi Fehri and his contribution to Arabic linguistics

Modern anlamda Arap Dilbilim çalışmaları XX. yy.'ın ikinci yarısı ile hız kazanmıştır. Modern dilbilim yaklaşımlarından biri olan Üretici Dönüşümsel Dilbilgisi Kuramının Arap Dilindeki gelişimi, iki aşamada gerçekleşmiştir. Mişel Zekeriyyâ, Davud Abduh, Mazin el-Va'r gibi dilbilimciler, ÜDD kuramının modüllerinden olan Standart Kuram ve Genişletilmiş Standart Kuram çerçevesinde dar kapsamda çalışmalar yapmışlardır. Arap dili verilerinin ÜDD kuramlarının yöntem ve teknikleriyle betimleyici bir şekilde ele alınması ve bu sadette daha kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılması Faslı dilbilimci Abdukâdir el-Fâsî el-Fihrî (d. 1947-) eliyle olmuştur. Fâsî'nin dilbilim çalışmaları, ÜDD'nin ilke ve parametrelerine paralel olarak gelişmiştir ve bu çalışmalar, kuramın Arap dilbilimine uygulanabilirliği noktasında önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada ÜDD bağlamında Abdulkâdir el-Fâsî el-Fihrî'nin eserleri ve dilbilim görüşleri incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda ilk olarak ÜDD'nin ilke ve parametreleri ele alınmış ve buna ek olarak Arap dilindeki ÜDD çalışmaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Daha sonra Fâsî'nin bu konuda ortaya koyduğu eserler incelenmiş ve dil tasavvuru hakkındaki kanaatleri ele alınmıştır. Son olarak da Fâsî'nin ele aldığı bazı meseleler, Chomskyci bakış açısı bağlamında karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınarak Arap dilbilimine katkısı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.Modern Arabic linguistics studies gained momentum in the second half of the XX. century. Development of the Generative-Transformational Grammar Theory in Arabic linguistics, which is one of the modern linguistics approaches, took place in two stages. Initially, some scholars such as Michel Zakaria, Daud Abduh, Mazen al-Var carried out narrow-scope studies within the scope of the two moduls of the Generative-Transformational Grammer Theory; Standard Theory and Extended Standard Theory. Yet then, Moroccon linguist Abdelkader Fassi Fehri (b. 1947-) has descriptively approached to the data of Arabic language with the methods and tecniques of GTG Theory and more comprehensive studies have been made in his hands. The linguistics studies of Fassi have improved in paralel with the principles and parameters of the GTG and these studies have great importance on the applicability of theory into Arabic linguistics. This work examines the works and linguistic views of Abdelkader Fassi Fehri within the context of GTG. In this context, at first, principles and parameters of GTG is discussed and additionally, GTG studies in Arabic are studied. Then, the works of Fassi on the subject are researched and his opinions on the perception of language are analysed. Finally, contribution of some matters which Fassi dealt with to Arabic linguistics is attempted to be revealed by comparision with the approach of Chomsky

Similar sides of Hittite culture and religion with today's Anatolian culture

Yüksek Lisans TeziAnadolu toprakları, tarihin en eski dönemlerinden itibaren yerleşim görmüş ve dünya tarihi açısından birçok önemli vakaya tanıklık etmiş bir bölgedir. Bu nedenle de üzerinde birçok kavim doğmuş ve yok olmuştur. Hititler ise, Anadolu topraklarına M.Ö. 2. binyılda gelmişlerdir. Hititler, o dönemde Anadolu toprakları üzerinde bulunan, otorite boşluğunu fırsat bilerek zamanla güçlenmiş ve köklü bir kültüre sahip olmuşlardır. Oluşturulan bu köklü kültür, o dönemde Anadolu coğrafyasında yaşamış olan insanlar tarafından benimsenmiş, uzun bir müddet varlığını devam ettirmiş ve nesilden nesle aktarılarak günümüze kadar ulaşmıştır. Bugün, nereden geldiğini dahi bilmeden uygulamaya devam ettirdiğimiz bazı adet, gelenek ve göreneklerin kökeni Hititlere kadar dayanmaktadır. Ayrıca Hititlerden bugüne kalmasa dahi, Hitit kültürü ve günümüz Anadolu kültürü arasında bazı benzerlikler mevcuttur. Bu benzerlikler ve Hititlerden günümüze kalan adet ve gelenekler çalışmanın içeriğini oluşturmaktadır.Anatolian lands are a region that has been settled since the earliest times in history and has witnessed many important cases in terms of world history. For this reason, many tribes were born and disappeared. The Hittites, on the other hand, came to Anatolian territories lands in the 2nd millennium BC. The Hittites had a deep-rooted culture that strengthened over time by taking advantage of the authority gap, which was on the Anatolian lands at that time. This deep-rooted culture was adopted by people who lived in the Anatolian geography at that time, it continued its existence for a long time and has been passed down from generation to generation until today. Customs, traditions and folkways that we continue to practice without knowing where they came from date back to the Hittites. In addition, even if the Hittites did not survive, there are some similarities between the Hittite culture and today's Anatolian culture. These similarities and customs and traditions from the Hittites constitute the content of the study