Mapping the circumstellar SiO maser emission in R Leo

The study of the innermost circumstellar layers around AGB stars is crucial to understand how these envelopes are formed and evolve. The SiO maser emission occurs at a few stellar radii from the central star, providing direct information on the stellar pulsation and on the chemical and physical properties of these regions. Our data also shed light on several aspects of the SiO maser pumping theory that are not well understood yet. We aim to determine} the relative spatial distribution of the 43 GHz and 86 GHz SiO maser lines in the oxygen-rich evolved star R Leo. We have imaged with milliarcsecond resolution, by means of Very Long Baseline Interferometry, the 43 GHz (28SiO v=1, 2 J=1-0 and 29SiO v=0 J=1-0) and 86 GHz (28SiO v=1 J=2-1 and 29SiO v=0 J=2-1) masing regions. We confirm previous results obtained in other oxygen-rich envelopes. In particular, when comparing the 43 GHz emitting regions, the 28SiO v=2 transition is produced in an inner layer, closer to the central star. On the other hand, the 86 GHz line arises in a clearly farther shell. We have also mapped for the first time the 29SiO v=0 J=1-0 emission in R Leo. The already reported discrepancy between the observed distributions of the different maser lines and the theoretical predictions is also found in R Leo.Comment: accepted for publication in A&

The molecular envelope of CRL 618: A new model based on Herschel/HIFI observations

We study the physical properties and molecular excitation of the different warm gas components found in the protoplanetary nebula CRL 618. We revise our previous Herschel/HIFI observations, which consist of several 12CO and 13CO lines in the far-infrared/sub-mm band. These data have been re-analyzed in detail by improving calibration, the signal-to-noise-ratio, and baseline substraction. We identify the contributions of the different nebular components to the line profiles. We have used a spatio-kinematical model to better constrain the temperature, density, and kinematics of the molecular components probed by the improved CO observations. The 12CO and 13CO J=16-15, J=10-9, and J=6-5 transitions are detected in this source. The line profiles present a composite structure showing spectacular wings in some cases, which become dominant as the energy level increases. Our analysis of the high-energy CO emission with the already known low-energy J=2-1 and J=1-0 lines confirms that the high-velocity component, or fast bipolar outflow, is hotter than previously estimated with a typical temperature of ~300 K. This component may then be an example of a very recent acceleration of the gas by shocks that has not yet cooled down. We also find that the dense central core is characterized by a very low expansion velocity, ~5 km/s, and a strong velocity gradient. We conclude that this component is very likely to be the unaltered circumstellar layers that are lost in the last AGB phase, where the ejection velocity is particularly low. The physical properties of the other two nebular components, the diffuse halo and the double empty shell, more or less agrees with the estimations derived in previous models.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 8 pages, 3 figure

A Rylean amendment to the cognitive theory of emotions

Este trabajo presenta una comparación entre los aspectos más básicos de la llamada teoría cognitiva de las emociones y el análisis y clasificación del concepto de emoción llevado a cabo por Gilbert Ryle en The Concept of Mind. Mi objetivo es doble. Se trata de mostrar que la propuesta ryleana sobre las emociones i) puede dar cuenta de las principales exigencias planteadas, con razón, desde la teoría cognitiva sobre cualquier teoría de las emociones, y ii) permite solucionar algunos problemas de la teoría cognitiva.This paper presents a comparison between the most fundamental aspects of the cognitive theory of emotions and the analysis and classification of the concept of emotion put forward by Gilbert Ryle in The Concept of Mind. My aim is twofold. I aim to argue that Ryle's proposal on emotions i) fulfills the main requirements rightly imposed on any new theory of cognitive emotion and ii) can solve some of the problems of the cognitive theory of emotion

Modelling Free Response of a Solar Plant for Predictive Control

IFAC System Identification, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka,Japan,1997This paper deals with the identification of a nonlinear plant by means of a neural network (NN) modelling approximation. The problem of neural identification is tackled using a static NN in a NARX configuration. A method is proposed to obtain the number of past values needed to feed the network. The on-line adaptation of the model and other issues are discussed. In order to show the benefits that can be achieved with the proposed methods, the NN model is used within a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework. The MPC scheme uses the prediction of the output of the system calculated as the sum of the free response (obtained using the nonlinear NN model) and the forced response (obtained linearizing around the current operating point) to optimize a performance index. The control scheme has been applied and tested in a solar power plant

Some observations and a proposal

UIDB/00183/2020 UIDP/00183/2020In this paper, I investigate the scalar semantics of evaluative adjective in general, and of good in particular. Lassiter (2017) has argued that good, when taking propositions as arguments, has an interval scale. I argue that there’s evidence in support of the view that good, when taking individuals as argument, has a scale that is stronger than interval, but weaker than ratio. In particular, I propose that individual-level good has a “round” ratio scale, which allows a broader set of ratio transformations than standard ratio scales. This conclusion is consistent with the fact that good admits round ratio modifiers (twice as good), but eschews precise ones (# 1.38x as good). An important consequence of this view is that the scales of individual and propositional-level good are severed.publishersversionpublishe

SiO maser observations of a wide dust-temperature range sample

We present the results of SiO line observations of a sample of known SiO maser sources covering a wide dust-temperature range. The aim of the present research is to investigate the causes of the correlation between infrared colors and SiO maser intensity ratios among different transition lines. We observed in total 75 SiO maser sources with the Nobeyama 45m telescope quasi-simultaneously in the SiO J=1-0 v=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and J=2-1 v=1, 2 lines. We also observed the sample in the 29SiO J=1-0 v=0 and J=2-1 v=0, and 30SiO J=1-0 v=0 lines, and the H2O 6(1,6)-5(2,3) line. As reported in previous papers, we confirmed that the intensity ratios of the SiO J=1-0 v=2 to v=1 lines clearly correlate with infrared colors. In addition, we found possible correlation between infrared colors and the intensity ratios of the SiO J=1-0 v=3 to v=1&2 lines.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, iaus.cls, to appear in IAU Symp. 242 proceedings (Astrophysical masers and their environments

Electron Paramagnetic Study of Spin Labelled Molecule on Colloidal Surfaces

Spin labelling techniques have been used to determine the adsorption characteristics of a nitroxide on colloidal gold. The number of molecules adsorbed per surface atom was determined and the desorption of adsorbed molecules on coagulation of gold noted

Ambiguous Sentence Processing in Translation

Preparation of this manuscript was supported by a grant awarded to Pedro Macizo by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-111359GB-I00/SRA State Research Agency/10.13039/501100011033) . The study was undertaken in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and followed the ethical standards delineated by this journal and by the Ethical Committee of the University of Granada (number issued by the Ethical Committee:957/CEIH/2019) and each participant provided written informed consent before taking part in the experiment.The goal of our research was to explore the possible online co-activation of both the target language (TL) syntactic structure representation and TL attachment strategies in translation, and to look over a possible interaction between both syntactic properties. To this purpose, Spanish (L1) – English (L2) bilinguals were instructed to read complex noun phrases with an ambiguous relative clause in Spanish to either repeat them in Spanish or translate them into English. The final word of the sentences and the syntactic congruency between the source language (SL) and TL syntactic structure were manipulated. The results revealed co-activation of both TL syntactic properties: participants interpreted sentences more accordingly to the TL preferred strategy (low attachment) in the reading for translation task, read congruent sentences faster, and used the TL preferred interpretation strategy in the congruent condition of the sentences more. These results indicated TL activation at different syntactic levels during comprehension of the SL in translation.Spanish Government PID2019-111359GB-I00/SR