Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial para el reconocimiento de autoría de proyectos arquitectónicos.

La rápida evolución de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en todos los sectores de la sociedad abre nuevos escenarios para su aplicación al ámbito de la crítica y difusión de la arquitectura, que hasta ahora ha experimentado escasas transformaciones. La metodología propuesta se basa en la implementación de modelos de redes neuronales, que ofrecen un marco idóneo para analizar y clasificar imágenes. Concretamente, se aplica la IA en el procesamiento y análisis comparativo de imágenes de proyectos arquitectónicos recopilados en las redes sociales. Esto permite descubrir nuevos conceptos y patrones comunes que resultan relevantes para la crítica arquitectónica. Se utiliza un sistema no-binario multi-label, caracterizado por tener la capacidad de tener en consideración al mismo tiempo múltiples categorías de clasificación para el etiquetado de las imágenes. La elección del modelo responde a la consideración de la presencia de múltiples influencias en un proyecto arquitectónico y por tanto permite buscar diferentes relaciones en función del resultado más probable, con el objetivo añadido de escalar e incrementar el set de datos en futuras iteraciones. Los resultados de esta investigación permiten establecer con gran eficacia las conexiones entre cuatro arquitectos distinguidos con el prestigioso premio Pritzker y sus obras difundidas en redes y medios digitales. Esta primera fase tiene como objetivo cuestionar la lectura tradicional y determinista de la historia de la arquitectura a través de la identificación no determinista característica de las redes neuronales. Los resultados alcanzados representan un punto de partida para la creación de herramientas que faciliten la escritura de una historia integral y precisa de la arquitectura del siglo XXI, enriqueciendo las reflexiones sobre el desarrollo de la crítica profesional contemporánea y la mejora de la comprensión del uso de imágenes digitales en la difusión de la arquitectura.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Towards a (new) Architectural History for a digital age. Archdaily as a dissemination tool for architectural knowledge

In our modern society people is more than ever a passive subject faced to a vast flow of information. Inspiration and problem solving can take the form of direct citation from the mass of examples disseminated by digital social media, websites and other sources. Focusing on the architectural field, the increasing development of Social Networks and of mono-thematic channels like archdaily, worldarchitecture, divisare, just to cite a few, offer every day a large amount of realised and unrealised projects which easily can serve as inspiration for the development of new designs. Among many other values ubiquity, immediateness and easiness are the most interesting effects which are of interest for this paper. It could be argued that critical practice is substituting a more traditional theoretical body of thought related with the practice of architecture. Analysing the culture of instantaneity impulsed by digital social networks, we focus on the effects of immediacy, reliability, trend and democratisation for the dissemination of architecture. As any new project developed is based on a previous work or methodology, based on quotation or interpretation of earlier works, we could consider 'new knowledge' a combination of previous information and/or methodologies. One of the results shows how synchronicity between inspired and inspiring works leading to homogeneous bodies of work in very different latitudes make difficult to record a proper history of contemporary architecture in the digital era. The attempt to create a historiography of the digital age contemporary architecture should start to consider new methodologies, tools and strategies to apply. Apart from considering the effects of these technologies on architectural education and practice, suggestions are made to create a tool to show the evolving propagation of information, which should be used by contemporary historiography of architecture in order to adapt to the new digital environment permeating our society

Trainees’ perception of education in communication and professionalism across two programs in two countries

Background: Different health care systems impact on medical education. Objective: We aim to describe the differences and similarities in the perceptions of pediatric residents on education in professionalism and communication skills across two countries. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of pediatric residents in the United States and Singapore. A 108-item written questionnaire on perceptions regarding education in communication/professionalism was administered. A five-point Likert scale was used for each attribute in the survey. Quantitative analysis was performed using chi-square test. Results: Response rate was 65.9% (89/135). In the domain of professionalism, residents from both countries ranked shared decision making as the most important attribute (Singapore vs. USA: 26/50 (52.0%) vs. 19/39 (48.7%), p = 0.76). In contrast, there was a difference in ranking of the most important attribute in communication between the two countries, with dealing with difficult family and patient being most important for Singapore trainees (30/50(60.0%) vs. 8/39 (20.5%), p < 0.001). Direct observation and feedback and role modeling by seniors were the most common teaching methods in both centers. Main barriers in learning were high workload (55/89 (61.8%)) and time constraints (53/89 (59.6%)) in both countries. Promoters of teaching these competencies were similar, with role modeling by senior staff rated as most important. Conclusions: This investigation demonstrates more differences in the perception of how communication is taught compared to professionalism across two countries. Barriers and promoters to teaching were similar across these two countries, with role modeling being an important approach to teaching communication and professionalism across both countries

Kabuki syndrome and cancer in two patients.

Both hepatoblastoma and neuroblastoma are occasionally associated with congenital syndromes such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and trisomy 18. There have been no reports of hepatoblastoma in patients with Kabuki syndrome, whereas one patient with neuroblastoma and this syndrome has been reported. In this paper we present two patients with Kabuki syndrome and a neoplasm: a child of 6 years with hepatoblastoma and an infant, of 6 months affected by neuroblastoma