Femmes en politique : Changements publics et privés

Loin d’une conception de la politique limitée aux seuls aspects institutionnels et indépendante des autres sphères de la société, cet article montre que, si la participation politique des femmes est tributaire d’une démocratie qui les a longtemps exclues, elle ne se réduit pas à cela. Dans la sphère politique, les femmes développent des pratiques alternatives d’engagement marquées par l’enchevêtrement des temps sociaux. Dans la sphère privée, elles engagent une dynamique d’individuation concertée dans le couple qui met en cause la domination masculine. Elles contribuent ainsi à renouveler les définitions normatives du politique et du domestique comme elles introduisent de nouvelles articulations entre les deux.Far from being limited only to institutional aspects of politics and independent from the other spheres of society, this article will show that even though women’s political participation is dependent on democracies that have long excluded them, it goes beyond that. In the political sphere, women have developed alternative practices characterized by an interweaving of social agendas. In the private sphere, they activate dynamics of concerted individuation that question male domination. They thus contribute to the renewal of normalizing definitions of the political and the domestic spheres, just as they introduce new structures between the two

De l’adhésion à l’exercice d'une responsabilité syndicale, facteurs d’engagement, de renforcement et obstacles à l’agir syndical

L’étude dont nous rendons compte dans ce rapport traduit une double déci- sion : celle de la Direction Régionale du Travail de l’Emploi et de la Formation Professionnelle de Midi-Pyrénées de soutenir les organisations syndicales dans leurs fonctions d’accueil, d’accompagnement et de formation des futurs acteurs du dialogue social; et celle de l’Institut régional du travail de Midi- Pyrénées d’inaugurer une démarche de recherche sur les militants-es syndi- caux, en l’occurrence celles et ceux qui ont pris récemment une responsabi- lité syndicale. Dans cette optique, l’Irt a proposé une dynamique de travail associant au pro- tocole de la recherche et plus particulièrement dans ses moments cruciaux, des représentants des trois organisations syndicales.L’objet du questionnement initial est celui de la prise de responsabilité syndicales et de son exercice : quelles en sont ses modalités, quels sont les facteurs déterminants qui influent sur la décision de passer d’une situation d’adhérent-e ou de salarié-e sensibilisé-e au fait syndical à celle de responsable syndicale? Existe-t-il des conditions favorables ou défavorables

Corrfunc: Blazing fast correlation functions with AVX512F SIMD Intrinsics

Correlation functions are widely used in extra-galactic astrophysics to extract insights into how galaxies occupy dark matter halos and in cosmology to place stringent constraints on cosmological parameters. A correlation function fundamentally requires computing pair-wise separations between two sets of points and then computing a histogram of the separations. Corrfunc is an existing open-source, high-performance software package for efficiently computing a multitude of correlation functions. In this paper, we will discuss the SIMD AVX512F kernels within Corrfunc, capable of processing 16 floats or 8 doubles at a time. The latest manually implemented Corrfunc AVX512F kernels show a speedup of up to $\sim 4\times$ relative to compiler-generated code for double-precision calculations. The AVX512F kernels show $\sim 1.6\times$ speedup relative to the AVX kernels and compare favorably to a theoretical maximum of $2\times$. In addition, by pruning pairs with too large of a minimum possible separation, we achieve a $\sim 5-10\%$ speedup across all the SIMD kernels. Such speedups highlight the importance of programming explicitly with SIMD vector intrinsics for complex calculations that can not be efficiently vectorized by compilers. Corrfunc is publicly available at https://github.com/manodeep/Corrfunc/.Comment: Paper II for the Corrfunc software package, paper I is on arXiv here: arXiv:1911.03545. Appeared in the refereed proceedings for the "Second Workshop on Software Challenges to Exascale Computing

Improved neighbor list algorithm in molecular simulations using cell decomposition and data sorting method

An improved neighbor list algorithm is proposed to reduce unnecessary interatomic distance calculations in molecular simulations. It combines the advantages of Verlet table and cell linked list algorithms by using cell decomposition approach to accelerate the neighbor list construction speed, and data sorting method to lower the CPU data cache miss rate, as well as partial updating method to minimize the unnecessary reconstruction of the neighbor list. Both serial and parallel performance of molecular dynamics simulation are evaluated using the proposed algorithm and compared with those using conventional Verlet table and cell linked list algorithms. Results show that the new algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms by a factor of 2~3 in cases of both small and large number of atoms.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Computer Physics Communication

Copie, authenticité, originalité : éléments bibliographiques

Bibliographie « diplomatique » Édition des textes documentaires Conseils pour l’édition des textes médiévaux : fascicule II, Actes et documents d’archives, dir. Olivier Guyotjeannin, Paris, Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques et École nationale des chartes, coll. « Orientations et méthodes », 20011 et 20092. Diplomatique Gli Atti privati nel tardo medio evo : fonti per la storia sociale, dir. Paolo Brezzi et Egmont Lee, Roma/Toronto, Istituto di studi romani, coll. « Atti di s..

Copie, authenticité, originalité : éléments bibliographiques

Bibliographie « diplomatique » Édition des textes documentaires Conseils pour l’édition des textes médiévaux : fascicule II, Actes et documents d’archives, dir. Olivier Guyotjeannin, Paris, Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques et École nationale des chartes, coll. « Orientations et méthodes », 20011 et 20092. Diplomatique Gli Atti privati nel tardo medio evo : fonti per la storia sociale, dir. Paolo Brezzi et Egmont Lee, Roma/Toronto, Istituto di studi romani, coll. « Atti di s..

Copie, authenticité, originalité : conclusion

Au-delà de l’évidente multiplicité des objets, ces séances du séminaire, et le bulletin qui en est issu, auront peut-être permis de mettre en valeur l’unité du champ de questionnement philologique (au sens notamment de l’histoire des textes et de la prise en compte de la matérialité des sources) et de l’apport que les sciences auxiliaires peuvent fournir à des démarches tant « littéraires » qu’« historiques ». Ces séances ont permis d’explorer le processus de transformation des textes et l’ét..

Efficiency of linked cell algorithms

The linked cell list algorithm is an essential part of molecular simulation software, both molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo. Though it scales linearly with the number of particles, there has been a constant interest in increasing its efficiency, because a large part of CPU time is spent to identify the interacting particles. Several recent publications proposed improvements to the algorithm and investigated their efficiency by applying them to particular setups. In this publication we develop a general method to evaluate the efficiency of these algorithms, which is mostly independent of the parameters of the simulation, and test it for a number of linked cell list algorithms. We also propose a combination of linked cell reordering and interaction sorting that shows a good efficiency for a broad range of simulation setups.Comment: Submitted to Computer Physics Communications on 22 December 2009, still awaiting a referee repor

Digital Literacy Key Performance Indicators for Sustainable Development

The concept of digital literacy has been defined in numerous ways over the last two decades to incorporate rapid technological changes, its versatility, and to bridge the global digital divide. Most approaches have been technology-centric with an inherent assumption of cultural and political neutrality of new media technologies. There are multiple hurdles in every stage of digital literacy implementation. The lack of solutions such as local language digital interfaces, locally relevant content, digital literacy training, the use of icons and audio excludes a large fraction of illiterate people. In this article, we analyse case studies targeted at under-connected people in sub-Saharan Africa and India that use digital literacy programmes to build knowledge and health literacy, solve societal problems and foster development. In India, we focus on notable initiatives undertaken in the domain of digital literacy for rural populations. In Sub-Saharan Africa, we draw from an original project in Kenya aiming at developing digital literacy for youth from low-income backgrounds. We further focus on Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and Tanzania, where field studies have been conducted on the use of digital technologies by low-literacy people and on how audio and icon-based interfaces and Internet lite standard could help them overcome their limitations. The main objective of this article is to identify key performance indicators (KPIs) in the context of digital literacy skills as one of the pillars for digital inclusion. We will learn how digital literacy programmes can be used to build digital literacy and how KPIs for sustainable development can be established. In the final discussion, we offer lessons learned from the case studies and further recommendation for stakeholders and decision-makers in the field of digital health literacy

Steady shear flow thermodynamics based on a canonical distribution approach

A non-equilibrium steady state thermodynamics to describe shear flows is developed using a canonical distribution approach. We construct a canonical distribution for shear flow based on the energy in the moving frame using the Lagrangian formalism of the classical mechanics. From this distribution we derive the Evans-Hanley shear flow thermodynamics, which is characterized by the first law of thermodynamics $dE = T dS - Q d\gamma$ relating infinitesimal changes in energy $E$, entropy $S$ and shear rate $\gamma$ with kinetic temperature $T$. Our central result is that the coefficient $Q$ is given by Helfand's moment for viscosity. This approach leads to thermodynamic stability conditions for shear flow, one of which is equivalent to the positivity of the correlation function of $Q$. We emphasize the role of the external work required to sustain the steady shear flow in this approach, and show theoretically that the ensemble average of its power $\dot{W}$ must be non-negative. A non-equilibrium entropy, increasing in time, is introduced, so that the amount of heat based on this entropy is equal to the average of $\dot{W}$. Numerical results from non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of two-dimensional many-particle systems with soft-core interactions are presented which support our interpretation.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figure