A propos de la nouvelle loi sur l’élevage

Noilhan Henri. A propos de la nouvelle loi sur l’élevage. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 120 n°2, 1967. pp. 77-81

La fidélité derrière les barbelés : les escòlas occitanes dans les camps de prisonniers en Allemagne (1940-1945)

À la découverte des prisonniers de guerre occitans Au regard de la critique occitane, les événements de la Seconde Guerre mondiale ont bien souvent été passés sous silence. Ces non-dits relèveraient sûrement d’une trop grande difficulté de la part des acteurs de premier plan de la guerre à s’exprimer et à extérioriser ces longs moments de douleur dont ils ont souffert au cours des six années de conflit. Encore, le contexte politique extrêmement complexe de cette période, intimement lié aux ch..

A propos d’un récent arrêt de la Cour d ’Appel : Les limites de la garantie d’ascendance en ce qui concerne les animaux inscrits sur un Herd-Book

Noilhan Henri. A propos d’un récent arrêt de la Cour d’Appel : les limites de la garantie d’ascendance en ce qui concerne les animaux inscrits sur un Herd-book. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 128 n°2-3, 1975. pp. 99-105

Boundary layer development and summer circulation in Southern Portugal

The summer circulation in Southwest Iberia is studied with data from a field experiment and numerical simulations by the non-hydrostatic mesoscale model, Meso-NH. The model is initialized and forced by the ARPEGE numerical weather prediction model. Surface fields and parameters were obtained from a number of different sources and validated against observations and long period integrations of the land surface model. The numerical simulations are found to capture most of the features found in surface and upper air observations, indicating the importance of the sea-breeze circulation in the diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer in regions more than 100 km away from the coast. The 3D nature of the summer atmospheric circulation over South Portugal is examined using results from a real case simulation of two summer typical days. Budget analysis in the 3D model are also shown, and used to clarify the relative importance of turbulent fluxes and horizontal advection in the dynamics of the boundary layer. This article was written in 2001. For various reasons it was never published, even though part of its content is published in Portuguese in the first author's PhD thesis, defended in 2006. The work was performed with an old version of Meso-NH, but we are convinced that their main results are up to date, which justifies its publication in English in an international scientific journal. Meanwhile, one of the authors, Joel Noilhan passed away too soon. The publication of this manuscript is also a small tribute to Joel and his scientific legacy

La loi du 28 Décembre 1966 sur l’Elevage et ses décrets et arrêtés d’application

Noilhan Henri. La loi du 28 Décembre 1966 sur l’Elevage et ses décrets et arrêtés d’application. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 124 n°7, 1971. pp. 307-310

Les formes nouvelles des contrats d'élevage

Noilhan Henri. Les formes nouvelles des contrats d’élevage. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 122 n°3, 1969. pp. 109-113

Detecting regional variability in sources and sinks of carbon dioxide: a synthesis

The current paper reviews the experimental setup of the CarboEurope Experimental Strategy (CERES) campaigns with the aim of providing an overview of the instrumentation used, the data-set and associated modelling. It then assesses progress in the field of regional observation and modelling of carbon fluxes, bringing the papers of this special issue into a somewhat broader context of analysis. <br><br> Instrumental progress has been obtained in the field of remotely monitoring from tall towers and the experimental planning. Flux measurements from aircraft are now capable, within some constraints, to provide regular regional observations of fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub>, latent and sensible heat. <br><br> Considerable effort still needs to be put into calibrating the surface schemes of models, as they have direct impact on the input of energy, moisture and carbon fluxes in the boundary layer. Overall, the mesoscale models appear to be capable of simulating the large scale dynamics of the region, but in the fine detail, like the precise horizontal and vertical CO<sub>2</sub> field differences between the models still exist. These errors translate directly into transport uncertainty, when the forward simulations are used in inverse mode. Quantification of this uncertainty, including that of inadequate boundary layer height modelling, still remains a major challenge for state of the art mesoscale models. Progress in inverse models has been slow, but has shown that it is possible to estimate some of the errors involved, and that using the combination of observations. Overall, the capability to produce regional, high-resolution estimates of carbon exchange, exist in potential, but the routine application will require considerable effort, both in the experimental as in the modelling domain

Optical turbulence simulations at Mt Graham using the Meso-NH mode

The mesoscale model Meso-NH is used to simulate the optical turbulence at Mt Graham (Arizona, USA), site of the Large Binocular Telescope. Measurements of the CN2-profiles obtained with a generalized scidar from 41 nights are used to calibrate and quantify the model's ability to reconstruct the optical turbulence. The measurements are distributed over different periods of the year, permitting us to study the model's performance in different seasons. A statistical analysis of the simulations is performed for all the most important astroclimatic parameters: the CN2-profiles, the seeing {\epsilon}, the isoplanatic angle {\theta}0 and the wavefront coherence time {\tau}0. The model shows a general good ability in reconstructing the morphology of the optical turbulence (the shape of the vertical distribution of CN2) as well as the strength of all the integrated astroclimatic parameters. The relative error (with respect to measurements) of the averaged seeing on the whole atmosphere for the whole sample of 41 nights is within 9.0 %. The median value of the relative error night by night is equal to 18.7 %, so that the model still maintains very good performances. Comparable percentages are observed in partial vertical slabs (free atmosphere and boundary layer) and in different seasons (summer and winter). We prove that the most urgent problem, at present, is to increase the ability of the model in reconstructing very weak and very strong turbulence conditions in the high atmosphere. This mainly affects the model's performances for the isoplanatic angle predictions, for which the median value of the relative error night by night is equal to 35.1 %. No major problems are observed for the other astroclimatic parameters. A variant to the standard calibration method is tested but we find that it does not provide better results, confirming the solid base of the standard method.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures. The definitive version can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18097.x/abstrac

Modelling the water budget and the riverflows of the Maritsa basin in Bulgaria

International audienceA soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model coupled with a macroscale distributed hydrological model was used in order to simulate the water cycle for a large region in Bulgaria. To do so, an atmospheric forcing was built for two hydrological years (1 October 1995 to 30 September 1997), at an eight km resolution. It was based on the data available at the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (NIMH) of Bulgaria. Atmospheric parameters were carefully checked and interpolated with a high level of detail in space and time (3-h step). Comparing computed Penman evapotranspiration versus observed pan evaporation validated the quality of the implemented forcing. The impact of the human activities on the rivers (especially hydropower or irrigation) was taken into account. Some improvements of the hydrometeorological model were made: for better simulation of summer riverflow, two additional reservoirs were added to simulate the slow component of the runoff. Those reservoirs were calibrated using the observed data of the 1st year, while the 2nd year was used for validation. 56 hydrologic stations and 12 dams were used for the model calibration while 41 rivergages were used for the validation of the model. The results compare well with the daily-observed discharges, with good results obtained over more than 25% of the rivergages. The simulated snow depth was compared to daily measurements at 174 stations and the evolution of the snow water equivalent was validated at 5 sites. The process of melting and refreezing of snow was found to be important on this region. The comparison of the normalized values of simulated versus measured soil moisture showed good correlation. The surface water budget shows large spatial variations due to the elevation influence on the precipitations, soil properties and vegetation variability. An inter annual difference was observed in the water cycle as the first year was more influenced by Mediterranean climate, while the second year was characterised by continental influence. Energy budget shows a dominating sensible heat component in summer, due to the fact that the water stress limits the evaporation. This study is a first step for the implementation of an operational hydrometeorological model that could be used for real time monitoring and forecast the water budget and the riverflow of Bulgaria