Last Temptation of Freedom: Life and Wanderings of Nikos Kaatzakis’s Work in Censorship Times

Del célebre escritor y traductor griego Nikos Kazantzakis –creador del mítico Zorba– quizás se conozca su intensa relación con España, su cultura y su historia. Sin embargo, poco o nada se sabe del largo y atormentado periplo de sus obras en plena dictadura franquista, cuando su pluma, vibrante y heterodoxa, se enfrentó con el riguroso dogmatismo de la censura. El rico e importante caudal de documentos conservados en el Archivo General de Administración de Alcalá de Henares nos permite, por un lado, reconstruir con precisión el complejo entramado de la circulación de su obra a partir de los años cincuenta y, por otro, brindar un ejemplo más de las modalidades de la censura editorial y sus repercusiones a medio y largo plazo, descubriendo que hasta los años ochenta un lector español accedía a la obra de Kazantzakis casi exclusivamente a través de las Obras selectas de la editorial Planeta, variamente enmendadas e intervenidas.The strong relationship between Spain, its culture and history, and Nikos Kazantzakis, the renowned Greek writer and translator, creator of the mythical Zorba, is likely to be well-known. However, we know little or nothing about the long and tormented trajectory of his works during the Franco regime, when his heretodoxical pen had to struggle with the tough dogmatism of the censorship. The huge and significant amount of documents, kept in the Archivo General de Administracion of Alcalá de Henares, allows us, on the one hand, to precisely reconstruct the complex network of the circulation of his works, since the fifties and, on the other hand, provides us one more example of the patterns of the censorship on the publishing sector and its impact, in the medium and short term. Thus we could discover that, till the eighties, the Spanish reader could access Kazantzakis’s works, almost exclusively through his Obras selectas, published by Planeta, emended and modified in different ways

Improving Senior Care Faclilities: New Policies For Delivery System And Inventory

COVID19 has triggered different issues within long term care facilities such as the delivery system of clothing and personal belongings. These items that residents are waiting on may be the only thing that provides them with comfort, as well as a sense of familiarity during this unprecedented time. Normally, items could be delivered as soon as they were dropped off, but due to the pandemic, new regulations require a 24-quarantine period. This leaves residents waiting longer periods of time for their items. This undergraduate internship demonstrates steps taken to develop new policies and procedures for the speedy delivery of personal items to residents. Research required informal interviews with facility personnel to determine appropriate, facility-wide sanctions

Evolution of the streptomycin and viomycin biosynthetic clusters and resistance genes

The distribution of the streptomycin (strA) and viomycin (vph) resistance genes was examined in Streptomyces isolates. It was hypothesised that non-antibiotic producers that are niche competitors with producers will need to possess resistance to the antibiotic and will thus have acquired resistance genes. A detailed phylogenetic study, utilizing a novel multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, was made of a collection of isolates and types strains with a Streptomyces griseus phenotype in addition to type strains from known producers of streptomycin and related compounds. strA and vph were found either within a biosynthetic gene cluster or independently. S. griseus strains possessing the streptomycin cluster formed part of a clonal complex and have been readily isolated from soil originating in every continent except Antarctica. Few copies of strA were detected in soil total community DNA, none of which were identical to the gene from the streptomycin cluster. All S. griseus strains possessing solely strA belonged to two clades and were closely related to streptomycin producers. The strA in the resistance-only strains is likely to have originated from the self-resistance gene of another aminoglycoside cluster and arrived in those S. griseus strains via horizontal gene transfer. S. griseus strains with only vph also formed two clades and were more distantly related to the producers than to one another. The high sequence divergence of the viomycin resistance genes also suggests that the vph homologue arrived in these two groups from another peptide antibiotic cluster via horizontal gene transfer. The expression of the strA gene was constitutive in resistance-only strains from both subgroups whereas streptomycin producers showed peak strA expression in late log phase which correlates with the switch on of streptomycin biosynthesis. One example of horizontal gene transfer of the streptomycin cluster was discovered, to a Streptomyces platensis strain, which contained a cluster with 84% sequence identity and almost identical gene structure and arrangement to that of the S. griseus cluster. Its expression pattern was also highly similar to that of S. griseus producers, but at a much lower level. Whilst there is evidence that antibiotics have diverse roles in nature, this work clearly supports the co-evolution of resistance in the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic capability within closely related soil dwelling bacteria. This reinforces the view that, for some antibiotics at least, the primary role is one of antibiosis during competition in soil for resources

The Effects of Mastication On Memory and Recall in Elementary Students

The purpose of this study was to research the effect of mastication through gum chewing on memory and recall in elementary students. It is imperative to research ways in which to increase brain stimulation in order to enhance memory and recall to provide students with academic success. This research was conducted to assist educators in aiding students in review and recall. Fifty students were randomly selected from first, second, and third grade classrooms in a public school. The students were from varied socioeconomic and intellectual backgrounds with varied family structures. The controlled group of twenty-five students were administered four tests targeting memory and recall. The experimental group of twenty-five participants were administered identical examinations of those in the controlled group. However, the experimental group was given a piece of sugar-free gum to chew during the four sessions. The results of this research indicated that the act of mastication through gum chewing increased students\u27 scores on tests of memory and recall. Mastication improved students\u27 short-term memory when recalling letters and improved auditory memory when memorizing a list of words. The greatest impact of mastication during memory and recall in this project occurred in the trial that tested the memorization of spatial locations. Students who chewed gum during these sessions completed the activity with a quicker speed and memorization

First Measurements of Spin-Dependent Double-Differential Cross Sections and the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Integrand from (3)(H)over-right-arrowe((gamma)over-right-arrow, n)pp at Incident Photon Energies of 12.8 and 14.7 MeV

The first measurement of the three-body photodisintegration of longitudinally polarized He-3 with a circularly polarized gamma-ray beam was carried out at the High Intensity gamma-ray Source facility located at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory. The spin-dependent double-differential cross sections and the contributions from the three-body photodisintegration to the He-3 Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integrand are presented and compared with state-of-the-art three-body calculations at the incident photon energies of 12.8 and 14.7 MeV. The data reveal the importance of including the Coulomb interaction between protons in three-body calculations

«En seguimiento de Orlando»: author’s variants in two ariostesque romances by Pedro de Padilla

La obra de Pedro de Padilla, después de un largo periodo de silencio, ha despertado en los últimos años un renovado interés que ha llevado a la publicación de la casi totalidad de su producción poética. Fue uno de los primeros autores en cuidar la publicación de sus obras y uno de los pocos poetas de los que conservamos un repertorio autógrafo de gran interés. Fue también uno de los poetas implicados en la revitalización del romancero nuevo. El presente trabajo se inserta en una investigación más amplia cuyo intento es profundizar el estudio de las variantes de autor (ámbito hasta ahora no tratado por la crítica) para ahondar no solo en el proceso de reescritura (del autógrafo a los impresos salidos al cuidado del propio autor) sino también en las propias dinámicas de transmisión y circulación de sus textos, entre cancioneros manuscritos anónimos y ediciones impresas oficiales. En concreto el caso de dos romances, «En seguimiento de Orlando» y «La hermosa Bradamante / celosa y desesperada», pertenecientes al ciclo romanceril de tema ariostesco, es revelador de cómo los diferentes niveles de revisión autorial reverberen en el resto de la tradición.The works of Pedro de Padilla, after a long period of scholarly silence, have aroused renewed interest in recent years, leading to the publication of almost all of his poetic production. He was one of the first authors dedicated to the publication of his works and one of the few poets whose repertoire of autographs is of great interest. He was also one of the poets involved in the revitalisation of the romancero nuevo. This article is part of a broader research project whose aim is to study the Padilla’s variants in greater depth, an area hitherto not dealt with by critics. Our purpose is to study the process of rewriting (which from the autograph converge in the printed copies produced by the author himself) and also the dynamics of the transmission and circulation of Padilla’s texts, between anonymous manuscript songbooks and official, printed editions. In particular, two Ariostesque cycle romances «En seguimiento de Orlando» and «La hermosa Bradamante / celosa y desesperada», reveal of how the different levels of authorial revision reverberate through the rest of the tradition.Este trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación (PRIN) «La tradizione del testo letterario in area iberica nel Secolo d’Oro, tra varianti d’autore e redazioni plurime» (prot. n° 2017T2SK93)

The romances of Judith: a curious case of self-editing

En el presente trabajo se propone un estudio de un pliego suelto conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de España que contiene siete romances, los primeros seis relacionados con la historia bíblica de Judit y Holofernes. El pliego, compuesto y recopilado por el impresor Juan Bautista (el único dato tipográfico explicitado en la portada) atrajo la atención de eruditos y estudiosos por su aspecto y su contenido. Tras aclarar definitivamente la procedencia y autoría del pliego, se analizan algunos pasajes en relación con la circulación (textual e iconográfica) del motivo bíblico en el Siglo de Oro.This work presents a study of a broadsheet in the National Library of Madrid, which contains seven Spanish ballads, six of which are related to the biblical story of Judith and Holofernes. The broadsheet, composed and printed by Juan Baptista (the only typographical data mentioned in the frontispiece) drew the attention of scholars due to its appearance and content. After defining the provenance and identifying the editor of the broadsheet, I analyze two parts of the poetic narration, related to the specific textual and iconographical distribution of the biblical episode in the sixteenth century

Evolution of the streptomycin and viomycin biosynthetic clusters and resistance genes

The distribution of the streptomycin (strA) and viomycin (vph) resistance genes was examined in Streptomyces isolates. It was hypothesised that non-antibiotic producers that are niche competitors with producers will need to possess resistance to the antibiotic and will thus have acquired resistance genes. A detailed phylogenetic study, utilizing a novel multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, was made of a collection of isolates and types strains with a Streptomyces griseus phenotype in addition to type strains from known producers of streptomycin and related compounds. strA and vph were found either within a biosynthetic gene cluster or independently. S. griseus strains possessing the streptomycin cluster formed part of a clonal complex and have been readily isolated from soil originating in every continent except Antarctica. Few copies of strA were detected in soil total community DNA, none of which were identical to the gene from the streptomycin cluster. All S. griseus strains possessing solely strA belonged to two clades and were closely related to streptomycin producers. The strA in the resistance-only strains is likely to have originated from the self-resistance gene of another aminoglycoside cluster and arrived in those S. griseus strains via horizontal gene transfer. S. griseus strains with only vph also formed two clades and were more distantly related to the producers than to one another. The high sequence divergence of the viomycin resistance genes also suggests that the vph homologue arrived in these two groups from another peptide antibiotic cluster via horizontal gene transfer. The expression of the strA gene was constitutive in resistance-only strains from both subgroups whereas streptomycin producers showed peak strA expression in late log phase which correlates with the switch on of streptomycin biosynthesis. One example of horizontal gene transfer of the streptomycin cluster was discovered, to a Streptomyces platensis strain, which contained a cluster with 84% sequence identity and almost identical gene structure and arrangement to that of the S. griseus cluster. Its expression pattern was also highly similar to that of S. griseus producers, but at a much lower level. Whilst there is evidence that antibiotics have diverse roles in nature, this work clearly supports the co-evolution of resistance in the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic capability within closely related soil dwelling bacteria. This reinforces the view that, for some antibiotics at least, the primary role is one of antibiosis during competition in soil for resources.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo