Role of Correlation and Exchange for Quasi-particle Spectra of Magnetic and Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors

Theoretical foundation and application of the generalized spin-fermion (sp-d) exchange lattice model to magnetic and diluted magnetic semiconductors are discussed. The capabilities of the model to describe spin quasi-particle spectra are investigated. The main emphasis is made on the dynamic behavior of two interacting subsystems, the localized spins and spin density of itinerant carriers. A nonperturbative many-body approach, the Irreducible Green Functions (IGF) method, is used to describe the quasi-particle dynamics. Scattering states are investigated and three branches of magnetic excitations are calculated in the regime, characteristic of a magnetic semiconductor. For a simplified version of the model (Kondo lattice model) we study the spectra of quasi-particle excitations with special attention given to diluted magnetic semiconductors. For this, to include the effects of disorder, modified mean fields are determined self-consistently. The role of the Coulomb correlation and exchange is clarified by comparing of both the cases.Comment: 34 page

An associative memory of Hodgkin-Huxley neuron networks with Willshaw-type synaptic couplings

An associative memory has been discussed of neural networks consisting of spiking N (=100) Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neurons with time-delayed couplings, which memorize P patterns in their synaptic weights. In addition to excitatory synapses whose strengths are modified after the Willshaw-type learning rule with the 0/1 code for quiescent/active states, the network includes uniform inhibitory synapses which are introduced to reduce cross-talk noises. Our simulations of the HH neuron network for the noise-free state have shown to yield a fairly good performance with the storage capacity of $\alpha_c = P_{\rm max}/N \sim 0.4 - 2.4$ for the low neuron activity of $f \sim 0.04-0.10$. This storage capacity of our temporal-code network is comparable to that of the rate-code model with the Willshaw-type synapses. Our HH neuron network is realized not to be vulnerable to the distribution of time delays in couplings. The variability of interspace interval (ISI) of output spike trains in the process of retrieving stored patterns is also discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, changed Titl

An approach for measuring the degree of comparability of financial accounting information

This contribution sets out to provide an index to measure comparability of financial accounting information concerning specific kinds of transactions or events. It suggests definitions for the terms of comparability of financial accounting information and of accounting method. Requirements are derived from these definitions which must be met by an index of comparability, and entropy is shown to be an appropriate measure fulfilling these requirements. The problem of multiple reporting is dealt with separately. Finally, the measurement concept developed is applied to an example from the FEE report for 1989.