TEMPUS: Simulating personnel and tasks in a 3-D environment

The latest TEMPUS installation occurred in March, 1985. Another update is slated for early June, 1985. An updated User's Manual is in preparation and will be delivered approximately mid-June, 1985. NASA JSC has full source code listings and internal documentation for installed software. NASA JSC staff has received instruction in the use of TEMPUS. Telephone consultations have augmented on-site instruction

Programming methodology for a general purpose automation controller

The General Purpose Automation Controller is a multi-processor architecture for automation programming. A methodology has been developed whose aim is to simplify the task of programming distributed real-time systems for users in research or manufacturing. Programs are built by configuring function blocks (low-level computations) into processes using data flow principles. These processes are activated through the verb mechanism. Verbs are divided into two classes: those which support devices, such as robot joint servos, and those which perform actions on devices, such as motion control. This programming methodology was developed in order to achieve the following goals: (1) specifications for real-time programs which are to a high degree independent of hardware considerations such as processor, bus, and interconnect technology; (2) a component approach to software, so that software required to support new devices and technologies can be integrated by reconfiguring existing building blocks; (3) resistance to error and ease of debugging; and (4) a powerful command language interface

TEMPUS: A System for the Design and Simulation of Human Figures in a Task-Oriented Environment

A system called TEMPUS is outlined which is being developed to simulate graphically the task-oriented activities of several human agents in a three-dimensional environment. TEMPUS is a task simulation facility for the evaluation of complex workstations vis-a-vis the normal and emergency procedures they are intended to support and the types and number of individuals who must carry them out. TEMPUS allows a user to interactively: Create on or more human figures which are correctly scaled according to a specific population, or which meet certain size constraints. View the human figure in any of several graphical modes: stick figure, line or shaded polygons, or shaded BUBBLEPERSON. Position the figure in any admissible position within joint angle constraints, and with the assistance of a robotics reach positioning algorithm for limbs. Combine the figures with three-dimensional polyhedral objects derived from an existing CAD system. Create shaded graphics images of bodies in such environments. Use all TEMPUS features in an extensible and uniform user-friendly interactive system which does not require any explicitly programming knowledge. Other features of TEMPUS and differences between TEMPUS and other available body modeling systems are also discussed

TEMPUS: A System for the Design and Simulation of Human Figures in a Task-Oriented Environment

A system called TEMPUS is outlined which is being developed to simulate graphically the task-oriented activities of several human agents in a three-dimensional environment. TEMPUS is a task simulation facility for the evaluation of complex workstations vis-a-vis the normal and emergency procedures they are intended to support and the types and number of individuals who must carry them out. TEMPUS allows a user to interactively: * Create one or more human figures which are correctly scaled according to a specific population, or which meet certain size constraints. * View the human figure in any of several graphical modes: stick figure, line or shaded polygons, or shaded BUBBLEPERSON. * Position the figure in any admissible position within joint angle constraints, and with the assistance of a robotics reach positioning algorithm for limbs. * Combine the figures with three-dimensional polyhedral objects derived from an existing CAD system. * Create shaded graphics images of bodies in such environments. * Use all TEMPUS features in an extensible and uniform user-friendly interactive system which does not require any explicit programming knowledge. A brief summary of the software engineering of this system in a University environment is included. Other features of TEMPUS and differences between TEMPUS and other available body modeling systems are also discussed

Techniques for Goal-Directed Motion

When motions of linkages such as the human body must be specified in terms of joint angle changes, considerable effort is required to acheive a particular goal. We review some techniques useful for the automatic generation of joint angle adjustments from a goal specified in terms of a world coordinate system

System integration report

Several areas that arise from the system integration issue were examined. Intersystem analysis is discussed as it relates to software development, shared data bases and interfaces between TEMPUS and PLAID, shaded graphics rendering systems, object design (BUILD), the TEMPUS animation system, anthropometric lab integration, ongoing TEMPUS support and maintenance, and the impact of UNIX and local workstations on the OSDS environment

Is capital conservation buffer or regulatory leverage better at improving bank efficiency? The case of an emerging market

Purpose – This paper is motivated by the heated debates preceding the introduction of additional regulatory requirements of Basel III on capital conservation buffer (CCB) and regulatory leverage (RLEV) in banks of emerging markets. The paper aims to examine which policy ratio can improve bank efficiency (BE), in one of the most resilient banking settings in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is performed on a sample of 13 banks for the period 2010–2018 in Egypt and proceeds in two steps. In the first step, the data envelopment analysis model is used to derive bank-specific efficiency scores. In the second step, BE scores are regressed on the two types of regulatory capital and a set of control variables. Findings – The paper is motivated by regulatory debates on the viability of RLEV and CCB in enhancing BE. The results show that higher RLEV and CCB are associated with a reduction in BE and that RLEV is highly associated with BE compared to CCB. Hence, results are relevant to policymakers in designing measures for improving BE in emerging markets. Originality/value – The findings contribute to a small but growing stream of research on capital adequacy in emerging markets. This study provides results on the viability of risk-based vs non-risk-based capital requirements. The findings are also relevant to bank regulators in similar emerging market settings in their efforts to introduce and phase in minimum leverage requirements according to Basel III

Regression modeling of motion with endpoint constraints

A statistical model is described for the prediction of reaching motions using motion capture data on a variety of individuals performing reaches to a range of targets. The modeling approach allows for various inputs such as the stature, age and the location of the target to be specified and then computes the predicted trajectories of the kinematic chains of body markers necessary to place an object exactly at the specified target. Functional regression methods for modeling time-varying angles and other quantities as well as trajectories are described. A new parameterization of posture is described that facilitates the satisfaction of specific endpoints such as placing an object at a target. The methodology is illustrated with an application to two-handed standing lifts. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/35135/1/303_ftp.pd

Communication in Diagnostic Radiology

Communication in the diagnostic radiology department in regard to the current work load has been discussed with certain recommendations being made to increase efficiency. The need for improvement in communication equipment and techniques is necessitated by problems facing diagnostic radiology today.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73519/1/j.1440-1673.1972.tb01316.x.pd