İbrahim Paşa Camiası ve üniversite kitaplığı

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 111-Kütüphanelerİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

An alternative approach to free space optical communication link

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Izmir, 2004Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 77)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishx, 78 leavesIn recent years commercial and military interest in free-space optical (FSO) communication has been growing due to advantages of high bandwidths, portability and high security. Despite of the numerous advantages, atmospheric events such as attenuation and scintillation severely affects the link quality. Novel methods of mitigating atmospheric events have been applied. Usage of large aperture lenses and high transmitted power decreases the degradation effects, but increases the overall system cost. Fresnel lenses, as an alternative to the classical optic system for mitigating scintillation effects would be a low-cost solution. As a result of the technological improvements on output power and divergence angles of VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) high-speed cost effective FSO communication system design became possible. In this thesis commercially available FSO systems are reviewed and an alternative low-cost system relying on Fresnel lens optical unit is theoretically and experimentally investigated. The system has been tested and compared for two-day periods with various configurations under atmospheric effects. The results indicated that the Fresnel lenses perform comparably well in contrast to bulk optic lenses. Thus, the large aperture Fresnel optic unit can be deployed for better performance at the scintillation dominating situation without a penalty at the cost

An Assessment of Democratic Policing in the Turkish National Police: Police Officials\u27 Attitudes Toward Recent Police Reforms

This study defines democracy, describes democratic policing, analyzes the development of democratic policing principles in the developing country of Turkey and contends that democracy can be enduring only when the police embody democratic values. As Turkey transforms itself in order to become a member of the European Union, the process has fostered national, institutional, cultural and socioeconomic adaptations, all of which lead towards democracy. This process has influenced the Turkish National Police (TNP) as well. In theory, these efforts towards political democratization, legal reform and the adoption of European Union police policy guidelines should have a positive effect on Turkish policing. Therefore, by assessing the attitudes of Turkish National Police officials, this study aimed to explore the effects of democratic policing and related constructs as the TNP transformed to meet EU requirements. A 68-item questionnaire was designed in order to obtain demographic information as well as data on TNP attitudinal patterns towards demographic development and the associated policy implications, as well as the implicit changes in organizational structure and police occupational culture. Utilizing a web-based survey strategy, 384 responses were collected from different demographic groups within the TNP. Analysis of the TNP responses allowed the identification of factors that may have impacted TNP officials\u27 attitudes towards democratic policing principles. The findings were enlightening. The respondents had supportive attitudes towards democratic policing items. After factor analysis, six factors were retained: democratic policing, democratic development, departmental leadership, community-oriented policing, cynicism towards reforms and aggressive law enforcement. Observation of these factors led the researcher to perform a subsequent analysis testing a proposed Police Attitude Model for Democratic Policing. Utilizing (OLS) standard multiple regression statistics analysis, revealed that three latent factors (democratic development, departmental leadership, and community-oriented policing projects) combined with two demographic variables (crime-prevention/patrol assignments and Aegean region) significantly predicted respondents\u27 attitudes towards democratic policing: F (34, 343) = 6.414,p\u3c.000. 7?2 = 0.389. Although the regression analysis revealed no clear relationships between the two cultural variables and democratic policing, correlations among the other variables in the proposed model are discussed. Surprisingly, and contrary to a majority of current literature, tenure was found to be significantly associated with attitudes towards democratic policing. Additionally, other notable statistical relationships between the various factors, the demographic data, and attitudes towards democratic policing are discussed. Lastly, potential limitations of the study are discussed, as well as policy implications, and directions for further research

Ragıp Paşa Kütüphanesi

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 111-Kütüphanelerİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

-de Biçimbirimi ile de Bağlacının İşlevleri ve Yazımının Öğretimi

In this study, the effect of teaching activities prepared according to Functional Grammar on secondary school students' learning of the functions and spelling of morphemes and conjunction was investigated. To observe this effect, teaching was carried out following the principles of Functional Grammar to be used in teaching the functions and spelling of -de morpheme and conjunction. The study group research consists of 76 secondary school students and 4 Turkish teachers. This research was designed and conducted in a mixed method design, in which qualitative and quantitative research techniques were used together. The quantitative dimension of the study was in a single group pre- and post-test weak experimental model; the qualitative dimension was carried out with a case study. In the collection of quantitative data, the listening activity, which was prepared according to the fill-in-the-blank technique, and included the functions of de morpheme and conjunction, was used as a pre-and post-test. A structured interview form was used to collect qualitative data. As a result of the research, it has been observed that the general success in the functions and spelling of the morpheme and conjunction in the 6th, 7th, and 8th grades has increased significantly. It has been observed that there is a significant and positive increase in all grade levels in learning the conjunction function and separate spelling of de, which has become a chronic problem. In addition, it was determined that secondary school students were successful in learning the locative of the morpheme in the noun task, the time functions in the adverb task, and its spelling. However, secondary school students could not make progress in the case function and spelling of the -de morpheme in the adverb task. Teachers and students, whose opinions were taken in support of these positive results, stated that the teaching activities prepared according to Functional Grammar are fun, instructive, permanent, and enable active participation in the lesson. Accordingly, the teaching of the spelling of the morpheme -de in the conjunction functions of locative, tense, and its conjunction started to be given from the 5th grade; it has been suggested that the case function of the morpheme and the teaching of spelling skills should be postponed to secondary education. Thus, a functional teaching method should be adopted gradually in teaching the functions and spelling of -de morpheme and conjunction.Bu araştırmada, İşlevsel Dilbilgisi’ne göre hazırlanan öğretim etkinliklerinin ortaokul öğrencilerinin -de biçimbirimi ile de bağlacının işlevleri ve yazımını öğrenmeleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu etkiyi gözlemlemek için -de biçimbirimi ile de bağlacının işlevleri ve yazımının öğretiminde kullanılmak üzere İşlevsel Dilbilgisi ilkelerine uygun olarak öğretim yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 76 ortaokul öğrencisi ve 4 Türkçe öğretmenidir. Bu araştırma, nitel ve nicel araştırma tekniklerinin birlikte kullanıldığı karma yöntem deseninde tasarlanarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın nicel boyutu tek grup ön test-son test zayıf deneysel modelde; nitel boyutu ise durum çalışması ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel verilerin toplanmasında boşluk doldurma tekniğine göre hazırlanmış -de biçimbirimi ile de bağlacının işlevlerinin yer aldığı dinleme etkinliği ön-son test olarak kullanılmıştır. Nitel verilerin toplamasında yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıf düzeyinde -de biçimbirimi ile de bağlacının işlevleri ve yazımında genel başarının anlamlı derecede arttığı görülmüştür. Özellikle kronik bir sorun hâline gelen de’nin bağlaç işlevi ve ayrı yazımını öğrenmede bütün sınıf düzeylerinde anlamlı ve olumlu artışın olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla beraber yine ortaokul öğrencilerinin -de biçimbiriminin isim görevinde yer, zarf görevinde zaman işlevlerini ve yazımını öğrenmede başarılı oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ancak ortaokul öğrencileri -de biçimbiriminin zarf görevinde durum işlevi ve yazımında ilerleme kaydedememiştir. Bu olumlu sonuçları destekler şekilde görüşü alınan öğretmen ve öğrenciler ise İşlevsel Dilbilgisi’ne göre hazırlanan öğretim etkinliklerinin eğlenceli, öğretici, kalıcı olduğunu ve derse etkin katılmayı sağladığını belirtmiştir. Buna göre -de biçimbiriminin yer, zaman ve de’nin bağlaç işlevlerinde yazımının öğretiminin 5. sınıftan itibaren verilmeye başlaması; -de biçimbiriminin durum işlevi ve yazım becerisinin öğretiminin ortaöğretime ertelenmesi gerektiği önerilmiştir. Böylece -de biçimbirimi ile de bağlacının işlevleri ve yazımının öğretiminde aşamalı olarak işlevsel bir öğretim yöntemi benimsenmelidir

Gas Monitor: Developments in the Wholesale Gas Market in the Netherlands in 2006

The present situation in the wholesale gas market calls for measures aimed at enhancing competition. Our annual monitoring report into the functioning of the gas market identifies a number of serious problems that impede competition in the wholesale market. Market parties have indicated a lack of available import capacity, storage capacity and quality conversion capacity, though facilities are not always optimally utilised. The report’s findings confirm the necessity of the action plan which was presented by the NMa/ DTe to the Minister of Economic Affairs in early October this year. Improvement is required for the rules of play and the level of transparency in the gas market. It is also necessary to pursue further integration into North-West Europe.Monitoring,gas, competition, infrastructure

Oxygenation by a superhydrophobic slip G/L contactor

The compelling need for an efficient supply of gases into liquids or degassing of fluids within confined microchannels triggered our study on membrane assisted microchemical systems. Porous hydrophobic flat/micro-structured polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were fabricated and integrated in a glass G/L contacting microfluidic device with the aid of optical adhesives. The oxygen transport in microchannels, driven by convection and diffusion, was investigated both experimentally and numerically. The effects of intrinsic membrane morphology on the G/L contacting performance of the resultant membranes were studied. The experimental performance of the flat membranes are shown to obey the simulation results with the assumptions of negligible gas phase and membrane mass transfer limitations. Micro-structured membranes revealed apparent slippage and enhanced mass transport rates, and exceeded the experimental performance of the flat membrane

High-Order Compact Difference Scheme for the Numerical Solution of Time Fractional Heat Equations

A high-order finite difference scheme is proposed for solving time fractional heat equations. The time fractional derivative is described in the Riemann-Liouville sense. In the proposed scheme a new second-order discretization, which is based on Crank-Nicholson method, is applied for the time fractional part and fourth-order accuracy compact approximation is applied for the second-order space derivative. The spectral stability and the Fourier stability analysis of the difference scheme are shown. Finally a detailed numerical analysis, including tables, figures, and error comparison, is given to demonstrate the theoretical results and high accuracy of the proposed scheme