Study of Global Change Impacts on the Inland Navigation Management: Application on the Nord-Pas de Calais Network

AbstractIn a global change context, governments in Europe want to promote alternative transports as inland navigation or railway instead of road transport. As example, in north of France, a shift of 20% from road transport to these alternative transport solutions is expected by 2050. Reaching this goal requires not only the delivery of new infrastructures and equipment, but also the design of efficient management strategies. By focusing on waterborne transport, it is thus necessary to improve the management of the inland navigation networks particularly the water resource. Indeed, the waterborne transport accommodation is strongly linked to the available water resource. This will be a challenging point in a global change context.The paper deals with the global change impacts on inland navigation networks. It aims at proposing new contributions as compared to past and current results of European projects on climate change and inland navigation. It appeared that the multi-scale modeling approach for inland navigation networks that was proposed during the last TRA Conference in Paris in 2014 is useful to determine the resilience of these networks and their ability to guarantee the navigation conditions during drought and flood periods. The proposed tools are developed to consider two space and time scales. The first approach is used to determine the water quantity that is necessary to accommodate the navigation during half a day, and the second allows the efficient control of the gates to keep the water level of each navigation reach close to its setpoint by rejecting disturbances and compensating the waves due to the lock operations. One example based on the real inland navigation network of the north of France is used to highlight the contributions of the multi-scale modeling approach

Trithiocarbonate-functionalized PNiPAAm-based nanocomposites for antimicrobial properties

In this study, four trithiocarbonate-functionalized PNiPAAms with different molecular weights were synthesized and used as a matrix to form composites with silver nanoparticles. Nanocomposites with several polymer-to-silver ratios P:Ag+ were prepared in order to evaluate the influence of silver loading. UV studies showed a thermoresponsive behavior of the nanocomposites with a thermo-reversibility according to cooling-heating cycles. Release kinetics demonstrated that the release of silver ions is mainly influenced by the size of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which themselves depend on the polymer length. Antimicrobial tests against E. coli and S. aureus showed that some of the nanocomposites are antimicrobial and even full killing could be induced

Quantisation of Monopoles with Non-abelian Magnetic Charge

Magnetic monopoles in Yang-Mills-Higgs theory with a non-abelian unbroken gauge group are classified by holomorphic charges in addition to the topological charges familiar from the abelian case. As a result the moduli spaces of monopoles of given topological charge are stratified according to the holomorphic charges. Here the physical consequences of the stratification are explored in the case where the gauge group SU(3) is broken to U(2). The description due to A. Dancer of the moduli space of charge two monopoles is reviewed and interpreted physically in terms of non-abelian magnetic dipole moments. Semi-classical quantisation leads to dyonic states which are labelled by a magnetic charge and a representation of the subgroup of U(2) which leaves the magnetic charge invariant (centraliser subgroup). A key result of this paper is that these states fall into representations of the semi-direct product U(2) \semidir R^4. The combination rules (Clebsch-Gordan coefficients) of dyonic states can thus be deduced. Electric-magnetic duality properties of the theory are discussed in the light of our results, and supersymmetric dyonic BPS states which fill the SL(2,Z)-orbit of the basic massive W-bosons are found.Comment: 57 pages, harvmac, amssym, two eps figures, minor mistakes and typos corrected, references added; to appear in Nucl. Phys.

Folate deficiency and congenital malformations induced by pyrimethamine in the rat

International audienc

Darling-Erdos-type theorems for sums of Gaussian variables with long-range dependence

We obtain extreme value limit distributions of the maximum of standardized partial sums of stationary Gaussian random variables with long-range dependence.Fractional Brownian motion Gaussian random variables Long-range dependence Standardized sums Extreme value distribution

MODÈLE INTÉGRÉ DE RÉSEAUX DE VOIES NAVIGABLES POUR L'ÉTUDE DE LEUR RÉSILIENCE DANS UN CONTEXTE DE CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. internationale.International audienceL'étude du changement climatique et de son impact sur les fleuves et rivières, ainsi que sur les voies navigables, est au centre des préoccupations de plusieurs laboratoires de recherche en Europe. Il s'agit à partir de modèles climatiques couplés à des modèles hydrologiques de prédire l'état de la ressource sur des horizons futurs allant jusqu'à la fin du siècle, en considérant plusieurs scénarios de changement climatique. Cette démarche n'est pertinente qu'à la condition de disposer de modèles climatiques et hydrologiques fiables et de méthodes permettant de réduire l'incertitude liée à l'utilisation de chaque modèle. Dans le cas contraire, l'étude de la résilience des voies navigables peut être effectuée à partir d'un modèle volumique représentant leur dynamique. Il s'agit d'un modèle intégré de réseaux de voies navigables qui permet la modélisation de leur dynamique tout en considérant la possible influence des bassins versants et des nappes phréatiques. Ce modèle est basé sur le bilan journalier des volumes d'eau entrant et sortant de chaque bief du réseau. Il est utilisé afin d'étudier les conditions limites du bon fonctionnement des réseaux de voies navigables en période d'étiage. L'approche proposée est illustrée dans le cadre du réseau de navigation du Nord-Pas de Calais à partir de données réelles