Nachweis verschiedener Chlamydiaceae - Spezies aus Rachenspülwasser: Proben von Patienten mit einer nachgewiesenen ambulant erworbenen Pneumonie

Infektionen des Respirationstraktes spielen in der Humanmedizin eine große Rolle. Chlamydien werden dabei als Pathogene des Respirationstraktens diskutiert, ohne dass klar ist, welche Arten mit welcher klinischen Bedeutung im Respirationstrakt vorkommen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es einen zuverlässigen Test zu finden, der anzeigt, welche Arten von Chlamydien den oberen Respirationstrakt des Menschen besiedeln und somit Infektionen hervorrufen können. Als Proben wurden Rachenspülwässer von Patienten mit einer klinisch und röntgenonologisch nachgewiesenen ambulant erworbenen Pneumonie benutzt. Hierfür standen uns Restproben aus der CAP–Netz-Studie zur Verfügung

Prüfung von Zuchtlinien der Weißen Lupine (Lupinus albus L.) auf Anthraknoseresistenz

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a protein plant adapted to the conditions of middle Europe. Presently, no variety with a sufficient resistance to anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lupini, is available, and cultivation of white lupins in Germany has hardly any relevance. Making this crop available for cultivation again would expand the range of domestic protein crops and increase the biological diversity on agriculturally used fields. To make this crop worth cultivated again, it is essential to develop white lupin varieties with a high resistance to anthracnose. The breeding lines tested in this study proofed to have a higher level of resistance towards anthracnose and are thus yielding higher compared to currently available varieties

Theorising Global Governance Inside Out: A Response to Professor Ladeur

Professor Ladeur argues that administrative law’s postmodernism (and by extension Global Administrative Law) necessitates that we move beyond relying on ideas of delegation, account- ability and legitimacy. Global Governance, particularly Global Administrative Law and Global Constitutionalism, should try to adapt and experiment with the changing nature of the postmod- ern legality and support the creation of norms that will adapt to the complexities of globalisation. Ladeur’s contestation, similar to GAL’s propositions, can be challenged. By taking the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, a significant contributor to the field of international criminal law, as an example, it is suggested that the creation of networks that Ladeur makes visible may not account for ‘regulatory capture’. This paper will argue that from the outside, the proliferation of networks may suggest that spontaneous accountability is possible. A closer look, however, drawing on anthropological insights from the ICTR, reveals that international institutions are suscepti- ble to capture by special interests. Furthermore, there are two central themes that animate the response to Professor Ladeur: the political nature of international institutions and the history of international law, and the role of institutions in this history

Zielflächenorientierte, präzise Echtzeit-Fungizidapplikation in Getreide

Im Rahmen eines Verbundprojektes wurden Echtzeit-Applikationstechnologien mit berührungslosen Sensoren für präzise Fungizid-Spritzungen in Getreide entwickelt. Das Entscheidungshilfe- System proPlant expert.classic bzw. die Internetversion proPlant expert.com (proPlant GmbH) empfiehlt geeignete Fungizide und Dosierungen für ein bestimmtes Infektionsszenario der acht wichtigsten Blatt- und Ährenkrankheiten von Winterweizen. Das Precision- Farming-Modul „Fungizid“, welches auf dem Terminal in der Traktorenkabine läuft, steuert das präzise Spritzverfahren. Das Modul bestimmt die lokale Zielapplikationsmenge während des Spritzens durch Nutzung des lokalen Ultraschallsensorwerts als Eingabeparameter. In den Jahren 2013 und 2014 wurden Feldversuche in Winterweizen durchgeführt, um die Beziehung zwischen den Sensorwerten (Ultraschall- und Kamerasensor) und den Pflanzenparametern Pflanzenoberfläche (Leaf Area Index, LAI) sowie Biomasse zu analysieren. Diese sind für einen örtlich angepassten variablen Fungizideinsatz zur Bemessung der Spritzmenge wichtig. Die Messungen wurden mehrmals während der Vegetationsperiode an visuell ausgewählten Stichprobenpunkten entsprechend der unterschiedlichen Bestandsdichte durchgeführt. Nach Änderungen an der Sensortechnik konnten für 2014 signifikante lineare Regressionsmodelle zur Beschreibung der Beziehung zwischen den Sensorwerten und den zwei Pflanzenparametern LAI sowie Biomasse gefunden werden.Real-time application technologies based on the target crop, crop surface area and biomass using non-contact sensors for precise fungicide spraying in winter wheat have been developed in a joint research project. The decision support system proPlant expert.classic and the internet- version proPlant expert.com (proPlant GmbH) suggest appropriate fungicides and dosages for certain infection scenarios of eight important leaf and ear diseases of winter wheat. The Precision Farming Module “Fungicide”, which runs on the on-board terminal in the tractor cabin, controls the spraying process. During the spraying process, the module defines the local target application amount using a local ultrasonic sensor value as an input parameter. Winter wheat field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 (Agri Con Co., ATB) to analyse the relationship between the sensor values (ultrasonic and camera) and the leaf area index (LAI) and biomass crop parameters that are important for a locally adapted and variable fungicide application rate. Measurements were performed several times during the vegetation period at sampling points that were visually selected based on crop density. Regression analyses showed that after technical changes in 2014, a linear relationship was obtained between the sensor values and the two crop parameters

Post-contrast acute kidney injury \u2013 Part 1: Definition, clinical features, incidence, role of contrast medium and risk factors: Recommendations for updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines

Purpose: The Contrast Media Safety Committee (CMSC) of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) has updated its 2011 guidelines on the prevention of post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI). The results of the literature review and the recommendations based on it, which were used to prepare the new guidelines, are presented in two papers. Areas covered in part 1: Topics reviewed include the terminology used, the best way to measure eGFR, the definition of PC-AKI, and the risk factors for PC-AKI, including whether the risk with intravenous and intra-arterial contrast medium differs. Key Points: \u2022 PC-AKI is the preferred term for renal function deterioration after contrast medium. \u2022 PC-AKI has many possible causes. \u2022 The risk of AKI caused by intravascular contrast medium has been overstated. \u2022 Important patient risk factors for PC-AKI are CKD and dehydration

Post-contrast acute kidney injury. Part 2: risk stratification, role of hydration and other prophylactic measures, patients taking metformin and chronic dialysis patients: Recommendations for updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines

Objectives: The Contrast Media Safety Committee (CMSC) of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) has updated its 2011 guidelines on the prevention of post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI). The results of the literature review and the recommendations based on it, which were used to prepare the new guidelines, are presented in two papers. Areas covered in part 2: Topics reviewed include stratification of PC-AKI risk, the need to withdraw nephrotoxic medication, PC-AKI prophylaxis with hydration or drugs, the use of metformin in diabetic patients receiving contrast medium and the need to alter dialysis schedules in patients receiving contrast medium. Key points: \u2022 In CKD, hydration reduces the PC-AKI risk \u2022 Intravenous normal saline and intravenous sodium bicarbonate provide equally effective prophylaxis \u2022 No drugs have been consistently shown to reduce the risk of PC-AKI \u2022 Stop metformin from the time of contrast medium administration if eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 \u2022 Dialysis schedules need not change when intravascular contrast medium is given