RNA content in spinal cord motoneurons during hypokinesia

The effect of a diminished motor activity of rats upon the ribonucleic and (RNA) content in a single isolated motoneuron of frontal of their spinal cord was studied. Within a 1 to 30 day exposure of rats to the hypokinetic conditions, RNA content was found to decrease on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th day and to return to the initial level by the 7th day. No changes in RNA content were observed during the subsequent stages of the xperiments. The volume of the nerve cells declined on the 3rd and 5th day, whereas RNA concentration reduced on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 30th day

Effect of restricted mobility on RNA content and nucleotide composition and on protein content in motoneurons of spinal cord anterior horns

An investigation into the effect of hypokinesia on the ribonucleic acid (RNA) content, the nucleotide composition, and dynamics of protein content in the motoneuron of the rat spinal cord anterior horns is described. Methodology and findings are presented. The study results showed that the nucleotide composition of the total cellular RNA at all the studied periods of hypokinesia remained unchanged and is characteristic for the cytoplasmic, high polymer ribosomal RNA. This means that with a change in the functional state of the neuron the newly formed RNA of the nerve cell has the same composition of bases as the original RNA that belongs to the ribosomal type

On the Energy Issue for a Class of Modified Higher Order Gravity Black Hole Solutions

In the case of a large class of static spherically symmetric black hole solutions in higher order modified gravity models, an expression for the associated energy is proposed and identified as a quantity proportional to the constant of integration, which appears in the explicit solution. The identification is achieved making use of derivation of the First Law of black hole physics from the equations of motion, evaluating independently the Entropy via Wald method and the Hawking temperature via the tunneling method. Several non trivial examples are discussed, including a new topological higher derivative black hole solution.Comment: 15 pages, published versio

Shockwave effects in the technology of meat raw material processing

Meat tenderness is recognized as the most important quality characteristic determining consumer acceptability of fresh meat and meat products. Therefore, the development of effective methods for meat tenderization is a topical direction. The review considers the main aspects of the development of shockwave (SW) technology as an alternative method for meat tenderization. The paper analyzes the means of shockwave formation as well as possible mechanisms responsible for meat tenderization caused by shockwave treatment and related to the energy dissipation and mechanical load on the boundary zones of a biological material under processing. The results of the investigations of a shockwave effect on meat tenderness, microbial inactivation, structure and assimilability of muscle protein and other functional and technological properties of a product are presented. The majority of researchers who studied a SW effect on meat tenderization showed different degrees of the improvement in the Warner-Bratzler shear force and increase in sensory scores of meat tenderness. This review shows the main problems linked with commercialization of the meat treatment process using SW based on electrical discharges under water. This method of SW generation is considered safest but infeasible today due to occurrence of restrictions such as damage of packaging materials after treatment, a need to ensure effective SW propagation in a commercial unit and determine optimal treatment parameters in the process of shockwave tenderization. Furthermore, potential possibilities of using shockwave technologies in the food industry are discussed. In particular, shockwave treatment upon extraction is an effective method for extracting juice/ oil/ bioactive components from various plant materials, which can be used as the pretreatment or independent process.Meat tenderness is recognized as the most important quality characteristic determining consumer acceptability of fresh meat and meat products. Therefore, the development of effective methods for meat tenderization is a topical direction. The review considers the main aspects of the development of shockwave (SW) technology as an alternative method for meat tenderization. The paper analyzes the means of shockwave formation as well as possible mechanisms responsible for meat tenderization caused by shockwave treatment and related to the energy dissipation and mechanical load on the boundary zones of a biological material under processing. The results of the investigations of a shockwave effect on meat tenderness, microbial inactivation, structure and assimilability of muscle protein and other functional and technological properties of a product are presented. The majority of researchers who studied a SW effect on meat tenderization showed different degrees of the improvement in the Warner-Bratzler shear force and increase in sensory scores of meat tenderness. This review shows the main problems linked with commercialization of the meat treatment process using SW based on electrical discharges under water. This method of SW generation is considered safest but infeasible today due to occurrence of restrictions such as damage of packaging materials after treatment, a need to ensure effective SW propagation in a commercial unit and determine optimal treatment parameters in the process of shockwave tenderization. Furthermore, potential possibilities of using shockwave technologies in the food industry are discussed. In particular, shockwave treatment upon extraction is an effective method for extracting juice/ oil/ bioactive components from various plant materials, which can be used as the pretreatment or independent process

O modelo integrativo para o espaço semântico da música e um processo educacional musical contemporâneo: a herança científica e criativa de Mikhail Borisovich Ignatyev

The advent of computer technology has led to the creation and development of new forms of teaching musical art. The emergence of music computer technologies (MCT) was the basis for creating both new forms in the educational process and new subjects, the appearance of new disciplines and new educational trends in the system of a contemporary musical education. These new subjects, such as “Musical Informatics,” “Computer Music Creative Work,” “Computer Arrangement and Composition, Sound and Timbre Programming,” “Electronic Musical Instruments” and many others, fully reflect the essence of the changes that have occurred in approaches to the study of music art. This article analyzes the possibility of including an integrative model for the semantic space of music, developed with the participation of the prominent cybernetics, scientist Mikhail Borisovich Ignatyev, in a contemporary musical educational process.O advento da tecnologia da computação levou à criação e ao desenvolvimento de novas formas de ensino da arte musical. O surgimento das tecnologias de computação musical (MCT) foi a base para a criação tanto de novas formas no processo educacional quanto de novos sujeitos, o surgimento de novas disciplinas e novas tendências educacionais no sistema de uma educação musical contemporânea. Esses novos assuntos, como "Informática Musical", "Trabalho Criativo de Música de Computador", "Arranjo e Composição de Computador, Programação de Som e Timbre", "Instrumentos Musicais Eletrônicos" e muitos outros, refletem totalmente a essência das mudanças que ocorreram em abordagens para o estudo da arte musical. Este artigo analisa a possibilidade de incluir um modelo integrativo para o espaço semântico da música, desenvolvido com a participação do destacado cibernético, o cientista Mikhail Borisovich Ignatyev, em um processo educacional musical contemporâneo

Strategic directions for the reform of pension provision in Ukraine

Strategic directions for the reform of pension provision in Ukrain

Methods of analysis of equity securities risk and return : issues and prospects

In terms of capacities and characteristic features of macroeconomic policy in Russia today, the issue of more efficient use of the equity capital market potential where the main tools are shares or equity securities is highly relevant. More efficient use of the capitals of joint stock companies, obtaining reliable information for defining the cost of the business reinforce the need of more detailed theoretical and practical analysis of the equity securities. This is one of the most important prerequisites for creating favorable informational environment and improving the quality of stock market monitoring both at the national and international levels. The author analysed opinions on this issue among Russian and foreign researches, applying the methods of theoretical knowledge and general logic. It systematizes various methodological approaches to the analysis of the equity securities and justifies the need of using the methods of fundamental and technical analysis of equity securities in the Russian context. We pay special attention to studying the rates of return and the risks of the equity securities and look at the opportunities to use this information for developing a scale of rating investment attractiveness of joint stock companies. The recommendations stated in the article may be used for operational management and development of strategic solutions to attract financial resources required for economic growth and modernization of production.peer-reviewe