Integrated Steering and Coordination of Local Public Services in Germany – Reasons and Restrictions of an Innovative Governance Approach

Due to the institutional differentiation of the public sector, which lead to a hardly comprehensible network of organisations from local administration, public economy and the third sector, the critical question of the importance of the integrated steering and coordination (ISC) of public tasks in municipalities arises in local government research and practice. Following an interdisciplinary approach, the aim of this contribution is (1) to examine the idea of the ISC of local public services from the perspective of policy science, New Public Management and public governance and (2) to identify – based on a qualitative empirical study – reasons and restrictions of its implementation. It is discussed why ISC is at the same time a feasible and guiding approach, but in part also a hardly practicable idea. With regard to this crucial controversy, five perspectives for further local public sector reforms are presented. From the perspective of innovative governance, the paper might help us to stimulate critical thinking about alternative approaches to problem solving and decision making in the public sector

Cornea disztrófiák genomikai vizsgálata = Genomics of corneal dystrophies

1. Monogénesen öröklődő disztrófiák közül az 5q31-hez kötött disztrófiákban szenvedő magyar betegek genetikai vizsgálatát végeztük el. Megerősítettük a TGFBI génben eddig ismert forró pontokat és egy új mutáció (F547S) patogenetikai szerepére hívtuk fel a figyelmet. 2. Keratoconusos és egészséges corneák génexpresszióját hasonlítottuk össze teljes genom microarray-k segítségével. 8 gén expressziójában találtunk eltérést, melyek közül a 6 ismert fehérjét kódoló gén expressziójának különbségeit qRT-PCR-ral is megerősítettük, és fehérjeszinten is igazoltunk eltéréseket a beteg és egészséges corneák között. A HS3ST1 és a GATA3 tekinthetők a legígéretesebb jelölt géneknek a keratoconus pathogenesisében. 3. Hasonló módszerekkel a limbális és centrális cornea epithelium mRNS-eit is összehasnlítottuk. Immunfluoreszcenciás vizsgálatok alapján a SPON1, a PHLDA1, és az ITM2A potenciális őssejt markerek lehetnek. 4. A centralis corneában fokozottnak találtuk a thrombospondin-1 expresszióját, melynek cornealis angiogenezist gátló szerepe ismert. Kimutattuk, hogy az újdonképződött cornealis erek környezetében a thrombospondin szint csökkent és jelen van az FXIIIa fehérje. Cornea sejttenyészetekben kimutattuk, hogy FXIIIa hatására csökken a thrombosponin expresszió fehérje és mRNS szinten is. A FXIIIa az erek környezetében található CD11b+ monocytákból szabadulhat fel. | 1. We analyzed the mutations occurring in patients suffering from 5q31 linked corneal dystrophies. The role of the previously described mutational hot spots could be verified and the pathogenic role of a new mutation (F547S) was shown 2. The epithelial gene expression profiles of keratoconus and healthy corneal epithelia were compared using whole human genome microarrays. After analyzing the results from 2 independent microarray platforms, 8 diferentially expressed genes were highlighted and the differential expression of those 6 encoding known proteins was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Differential expression was shown at the protein level, too. HS3ST1 and GATA3 are the most promising candidate genes for keratoconus. 3. In similar experiments we compared the gene expression of limbal and central corneal epithelia.SPON1, PHLDA1, ITM2A may serve as potential stem cell markers based on immunfluorescent microscopic studies. 4. In central corneas, we showed increased expression of thrombospondin-1, a known corneal anti-angiogenic protein. We showed that thrombospondin-1 levels are decreased in the vicinity of corneal neovascularization and found FXIIIa expression around the new vessels. In corneal cell cultures, FXIIIa decreased the expression of thrombospondin-1 both at the protein and mRNA levels. In vascularized corneas, the FXIIIa appears to be released from CD11b+ monocytes

Quantum Zeno effect and the detection of gravitomagnetism

In this work we introduce two experimental proposals that could shed some light upon the inertial properties of intrinsic spin. In particular we will analyze the role that the gravitomagnetic field of the Earth could have on a quantum system with spin 1/2. We will deduce the expression for Rabi transitions, which depend, explicitly, on the coupling between the spin of the quantum system and the gravitomagnetic field of the Earth. Afterwards, the continuous measurement of the energy of the spin 1/2 system is considered, and an expression for the emerging quantum Zeno effect is obtained. Thus, it will be proved that gravitomagnetism, in connection with spin 1/2 systems, could induce not only Rabi transitions but also a quantum Zeno effect.Comment: Essay awarded with an ``honorable mention'' in the Annual Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation for the year 2000, four new references, discussion enlarged, 9 pages. Accepted in International Journal of Modern Physics

EXOSC10 is required for RPA assembly and controlled DNA end resection at DNA double-strand breaks

The exosome is a ribonucleolytic complex that plays important roles in RNA metabolism. Here we show that the exosome is necessary for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human cells and that RNA clearance is an essential step in homologous recombination. Transcription of DSB-flanking sequences results in the production of damage-induced long non-coding RNAs (dilncRNAs) that engage in DNA-RNA hybrid formation. Depletion of EXOSC10, an exosome catalytic subunit, leads to increased dilncRNA and DNA-RNA hybrid levels. Moreover, the targeting of the ssDNA-binding protein RPA to sites of DNA damage is impaired whereas DNA end resection is hyper-stimulated in EXOSC10-depleted cells. The DNA end resection deregulation is abolished by transcription inhibitors, and RNase H1 overexpression restores the RPA recruitment defect caused by EXOSC10 depletion, which suggests that RNA clearance of newly synthesized dilncRNAs is required for RPA recruitment, controlled DNA end resection and assembly of the homologous recombination machinery.España, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad R + D + I project grant SAF2016-74855-P to P.