Uzyskanie walidacji programowej od brytyjskiego uniwersytetu

The article presents possible models of program cooperation with British universities, with a focus on degree validation as an optimal solution for both degree awarder and operator. The entire validation process is presented from initial inquiry, through validation of institution to program validation, with an explanation of formal requirements, expectations and related cultural differences, organizational challenges and costs. The Author presents his practical experiences of validation procedures to enhance the understanding of the practical side of the validation process.Artykuł prezentuje możliwe modele współpracy programowej z brytyjskimi uniwersytetami, koncentrując się na walidacji jako optymalnej dla obu stron formie prowadzenia programów brytyjskich u lokalnego operatora. Przedstawiony jest cały proces uzyskania walidacji, od pierwszego zapytania ofertowego, przez walidację uczelni, aż do walidacji programu wraz z wymogami formalnymi, oczekiwaniami i powiązanymi z nimi różnicami kulturowymi, wyzwaniami organizacyjnymi oraz kosztami. Przedstawione są również praktyczne doświadczenia walidacyjne autora, pozwalające na zrozumienie praktycznej strony procesu uzyskania walidacji

Athenian ‘imperialism’ in the Aegean Sea in the 4th Century BCE : the case of Keos

This article concerns the degree of direct involvement in the Athenian foreign policy in the 4th century BC. One of main questions debated by scholars is whether the Second Athenian Sea League was gradually evolving into an arche, to eventually resemble the league of the previous century. The following text contributes to the scholarly debate through a case study of relations between Athens and poleis on the island of Keos in 360s. Despite its small size, Keos included four settlements having the status of polis: Karthaia, Poiessa, Koresia and Ioulis, all members of the Second Athenian League. Around year 363/2 (according to the Attic calendar),anti-Athenian riots, usually described as revolts, erupted on Keos, to be quickly quelled by the strategos Chabrias. It is commonly assumed that the Athenians used the uprising to interfere directly in internal affairs on the island, enforcing the dissolution of the local federation of poleis. However, my analysis of selected sources suggests that such an interpretation cannot be readily defended: in fact, the federation on Keos could have broken up earlier, possibly without any external intervention. In result, it appears that the Athenians did not interfere in the local affairs to such a degree as it is often accepted

Sparta, its fleet, and the Aegean Islands in 387-375 BC

The naval politics of Sparta in the period between the Corinthian and Boeotian Wars is a problem that barely features in modern studies on classical Greek history. The article tries to partially fill this gap, through analysis of the scant sources. The author argues that Sparta did not withdraw completely from maintaining its own presence in the Aegean Sea after conclusion of the King’s Peace. From the few testimonies, especially of Xenophon and Polyaenus, we can conclude that Sparta even kept a fleet (albeit small) in this period. This means that some kind of influence on insular poleis could have been exerted. Possible examples of Spartan actions, like on Thasos, are also disputed. However, all bridgeheads in the Aegean that Sparta probably had were lost in the first phase of the Boeotian War. This puts into question the quality of Lacedaemonian leadership, in terms of both political and military command. The article was prepared as a part of grant: The Aegean Islands 8th-4th c. BC - 4th c. AD. Centre or Periphery of the Greek World. Project ID: 2012/07/B/HS3/0345

Z antroponimii Krajny. Imiona mieszkańców Nakła urodzonych w latach 1874–1875 (na podstawie akt Urzędu Stanu Cywilnego Nakło Miasto)

The paper examines the given names of people born in Nakło (south-east Krajna region) between 1874 and 1875. The anthroponymic material was extracted from the records of the Civil Registry Office of Nakło Miasto. The sources mentioned were written in German. In this paper, proper names of Catholics, Evangelic and Jewish people are analysed, with special focus on their etymology, frequency, and polyonymy. The aim is to show the similarities and differences in the anthroponymy of these groups. The analysis has shown that each religious group in Nakło in the 1870s, despite common onomasticon, established its own anthroponymic system.Przedmiotem artykułu są imiona osób urodzonych w Nakle (południowo-wschodnia Krajna) w latach 1874–1875. Materiał antroponimiczny został wyekscerpowany z akt Urzędu Stanu Cywilnego Nakło Miasto, prowadzonych w języku niemieckim. Analizie uwzględniającej etymologię i częstotliwość antroponimów, a także wieloimienność poddano imiona katolików, ewangelików i żydów. Ukazano podobieństwa i różnice w antroponimii wymienionych grup. Przeprowadzona analiza dowodzi, iż każda grupa wyznaniowa w Nakle w latach 70. XIX wieku, mimo iż czerpała ze wspólnego zasobu imienniczego, rozwinęła swój własny system antroponimiczny

Influence of a mitochondrial genetic defect on capacitative calcium entry and mitochondrial organization in the osteosarcoma cells

AbstractEffects of T8993G mutation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), associated with neurogenical muscle weakness, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP), on the cytoskeleton, mitochondrial network and calcium homeostasis in human osteosarcoma cells were investigated. In 98% NARP and ρ0 (lacking mtDNA) cells, the organization of the mitochondrial network and actin cytoskeleton was disturbed. Capacitative calcium entry (CCE) was practically independent of mitochondrial energy status in osteosarcoma cell lines. The significantly slower Ca2+ influx rates observed in 98% NARP and ρ0, in comparison to parental cells, indicates that proper actin cytoskeletal organization is important for CCE in these cells

Protection of under ballast mats against damage Due to loads from railroad tracks

Abstract: The paper presents the application of geogrids with uniform radial stiffness in subgrade structures in the function of protecting under ballast mats from damage caused by the railroad superstructure. The importance of the stabilizing function as a key mechanism of cooperation between geogrid and aggregate was pointed out, affecting the increase of subgrade bearing capacity, extension of ballast life and ensuring the required operating parameters of the ballast placed on anti-vibration mats. Keywords: Mechanical stabilization; Hexagonal geogrids; Under ballast mats; Railway trackbe