Assessment of the Spectral Volume Method on inviscid and viscous flows

The compact high-order "Spectral Volume Method" designed for conservation laws on unstructured grids is presented. Its spectral reconstruction is exposed briefly and its applications to the Euler equations are presented through several test cases to assess its accuracy and stability. Comparisons with classical methods such as MUSCL show the superiority of SVM. The SVM method arises as a high-order accurate scheme, geometrically flexible and computationally efficient

Spectral Volume Method: application to Euler equations and performance appraisal

The compact high-order "Spectral Volume Method" designed for conservation laws on unstructured grids is presented. Its spectral reconstruction is exposed briefly and its applications to the Euler equations are presented through several test cases to assess its accuracy and stability. Comparisons with usual methods such as MUSCL show the superiority of SVM. The SVM method arises as a high-order accurate scheme, geometrically flexible and computationally efficient

Social capital: a constructive determinant of employability?

RésuméDepuis plusieurs décennies, le domaine de la santé connaît différentes transformations. Les évolutions constantes des techniques et les innovations technologiques inscrivent le métier del’électroradiologie et l’imagerie médicale dans une perspective dynamique et évolutive. Dans ce contexte de changement rapide, et avec la rupture du contrat psychologique, les carrières sans frontière « boundaryless career » se développent. Un nouveau phénomène émerge : l’individu devient acteur majeur, voire l’« entrepreneur » de son employabilité. Dans cette perspective, le capital social devient un aspect incontournable de l’employabilité individuelle.Cette situation met en jeu les professionnels en électroradiologie médicale. Nous posons alors la question suivante : comment le capital social peut-il agir sur l’employabilité des manipulateurs en électroradiologie médicale du secteur privé ? Mots clés : employabilité individuelle, capital social, carrièreAbstractFor several decades, the health sector has undergone various transformations. The constant advancement of techniques and technological innovations put the medical imaging and electroradilogy profession in a dynamic and evolving perspective. In this context of rapid change, and with the violation of the psychological contract, unlimited careers "borderless careers" are developing. A new phenomenon is emerging : the individual becomes a major player as the "entrepreneur" of his employability. From this perspective, social capital becomes an essential aspect of individual employability. This situation also involves professionals in medical electroradiology. The question which arises is : how can social capital influence the employability of manipulators in medical electroradilogy in the private sector? Key Words : Individual employability, carrer, social capita

Contribution à l’analyse de la stabilité des problèmes de bifurcation en utilisant la méthode de dérivation optimale

Le but de ce travail est l'application de la méthode de dérivation optimale à un modèle physique non linéaire (circuit électronique - amplificateur chaotique-) présentant le phénomène de bifurcation, en tenant compte de ses propriétés et, en particulier, celles liées à l'ordre pour l’analyse de la stabilité et la description qualitative du comportement engendré par le phénomène de bifurcation (grands effets engendrés par les variations du paramètre de bifurcation, qui réside essentiellement dans l’échange de stabilité entre deux points singuliers stable et instable ou le passage d’un point singulier stable à une orbite périodique), ceci permet de montrer les possibilités offerte par cette nouvelle approche de linéarisation pour l’étude et la détection des bifurcations élémentaires de base

Towards clinical application of continuum active micro-endoscope robot based on EAP actuation.

International audienceContinuum robots have shown astounding abilities in the medical field as numerous robotized devices have emerged. For instance, colonoscopes, arthroscopes, catheters, endoscopes, and other medical tools have been developed. Their ability to navigate through complex anatomy and narrow spaces represent the attractive features of continuum robots. We foresee to improve their usefulness for Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) and Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES). These robots may be downscaled depending on the target application, e.g., from endoscopy to neurosurgery. Shorter hospital stay, less pain and scarring, and quicker recovery might then be provided to the patient. Recently, active cannulas have been used for endonasal skull base surgery for pituitary gland cancer as depicted in Figure 1a, transurethral laser prostate surgery, laser surgery, beating heart surgery, and neurosurgery. Thus, we are interested in developing a micro-endoscope whether for diagnosis or laser surger

Estimation Of Runoff And Erosion Rates Using Agwa - Kineros2 Model: Application To A Mediterranean Watershed

The Mediterranean area is classified as a region highly threatened by water erosion, which depends largely on climatic aggressiveness, erodible soils, sparse vegetation, and irrational human activity. Tleta watershed belongs to a young mountain ridge (Rif), readily erodible and highly vulnerable to water erosion. To assess the extent of this phenomenon, AGWA tool coupled with KINEROS2 (K2) model was used to predict the specific degradation and the hydrological functioning of the studied watershed. The data required consisted of topography, land use, soil type, and precipitation. The model simulations will make it possible to estimate the sediment load deposited at the Ibn Batouta dam, which results from upstream erosion. The evaluation criteria for the predictive skill of K2 model when comparing observed and simulated data are the coefficient of determination (R2) and the Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE). These two coefficients are respectively (R² = 0.99, NSE = 0.71) and (R² = 0.99, NSE = 0.72) for runoff and sediments yield for calibration. For the validation process, these two coefficients are (R² = 0.99 and NSE = 0.98) for runoff and (R² = 0.99 and NSE = 0.97) for sediments yield. This allows us to conclude that the predictive accuracy of the model is promising

Integrated Water Resources Vulnerability Assessment: A Multidimensional Approach and Geographic Information System Based in Fès, Meknès, and Ifrane Perimeters, Morocco

Water resources are disproportionately distributed, and more and more problems related to this precious resource are being reported around the world due to anthropogenic pressures and global environmental changes. This paper focuses on assessing the vulnerability of water resources in an integrated way, by taking into account hydrological, environmental, socio-economic and pollution factors, in order to delineate sensitive areas of water resources under a geographic information system. The framework for assessing the water resources vulnerability in the Fès, Meknès, and Ifrane perimeters was based on a participatory approach through a survey. The data collected on the identified factors are then processed under ArcGIS tool to aggregate the normalized value into a water resources vulnerability index. The result shows that the degree of vulnerability of water resources in most of the study area is considered to be at the "threshold" to "non-vulnerable". However, three (3) main areas were considered to be "moderately vulnerable" to "highly vulnerable" precisely in the South of the city of Meknes (Zone 1), from the West of the city of Fès (Zone 2), and finally the Dayet Ifrah area (Zone 3). The sensitivity analysis showed that five factors have more impact on the overall water resources vulnerability map: topography, poverty, water withdrawal, population density, and access to drinking water. The result of this study could help integrated water resources management planners take action to improve the overall water quantity and quality in the area, and it can be extended to a larger scale like regional, national or cross-country

Assessment of Surface Water Quality using Indices and Geographic Information System in the Sebou River Basin, Morocco

The aim of this study is to access the quality of monitored rivers and to map the polluted river sections in the Sebou basin using Geographic Information System (GIS). The potential causes of water quality variation will also be added for suitable measures to be taken. A Water Quality Index (WQI) which developed in Morocco was applied to 17 river water quality monitoring stations with data on 6 parameters (Dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium ion (NH4 + ), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), fecal coliforms (FC) and total phosphorus (TP)) collected twice during the wet and dry season over 1990-2017 period. The result shows that river water quality is classified as bad, very bad and medium at 59% of the monitoring stations, while 41% are considered as good to excellent. Interpolation of mean values of overall WQI of the 17 river water quality monitoring stations, revealed evidence of quality degradation along several kilometers of most river sections in the Sebou basin. The correlation matrix between the sub-indices of water quality parameters and the overall WQI showed high positive correlation coefficients and highlights the contribution to water quality degradation as follows: TP ( = +0.96 ) ≥ NH4 + ( = +0.96 ) > BOD5 ( = +0.94) > COD ( = +0.86) > FC ( = +0.83) > DO ( = +0.79). The sections of Fès, Innaounene Rivers, and an extended stretch of Tizguit River must no longer be used for irrigation. River water quality is overall of better quality in the wet season compared to the dry season. Simple linear regressions between the seasonal water quality variation and the overall WQI showed higher coefficients of determination R 2 (0.67 and 0.60) between dry season WQI and the overall WQI and between wet season WQI and the overall WQI respectively. It is clear that discharges of industrial and domestic wastewater during the dry season and agricultural activities are most likely to be the causes of the degradation of river water quality