Correlation of highly dispersed aerosol particles and aeroions, formed by sylvinite surfaces and materials

The use of materials based on natural potassium salts is a known way to create a high-quality, up to healing, indoor air which is modified due to the effect of sylvinite, carnallite and halite aerosol particles. Facing or decorating protective surfaces of walls, floor or ceiling in special ground facilities – speleoclimatic chambers – can enrich the indoor air with a highly dispersed salt aerosol and aeroions of light mobility group. It is proposed to look over the interrelation between distribution of aerosol particles and concentration of light aeroions in sylvinite speleoclimatic chambers, considering the ionization and recombination equation of formation and disappearance of light aeroions. By extrapolation the main parameters of the highly dispersed salt aerosol were determined for size less than 0.3 microns based on the experimentally determined parameters of aerosol particles distribution by size (greater than 0.3 microns) taking into account possible solutions of the aeroionic balance equation and applying the superposition model of several logarithmically normal distributions. On example of Verkhnekamskoie potash deposit the article shows the main parameters of aerosol particles` size distribution in sylvinite speleoclimatic chambers with surfaces of different constructions made of sawn natural sylvinite blocks, panels and molded salt tiles with a high content of potassium chloride, a component of potash salts. Study results confirm high efficiency of sylvinite building materials application to create a high-quality medical or wellness air environment saturated with highly dispersed salt aerosol, and allow to optimally select special constructive and decorative materials on the basis of sylvinite, depending on required parameters of the aerosol distribution in order to create a high-quality indoor air

The use of fuzzy control methods for evaluation of complex systems on the example of maritime fleet equipment

At present, the interest in application of synchronous machines in the various systems of the electric drive and energy sources is still growing. Synchronous motors and their modifications enable to develop low-noise, reliable and economically efficient electric drive systems. They provide high maneuverability when using a propeller power plant of the submersible vehicles and the World fleet vessels. Synchronous generators are the major energy sources in the electric power systems of the variety autonomous plants: on vessels, offshore and coastal oil rigs, etc

Algorithmic approach of destabilizing factors of improving the technical systems efficiency

In work, the questions of stabilization of factors of reliability of operation of the ship equipment are considered. According to the Navy Register rules, ship electrical power system voltage fluctuations within ±10 % of the nominal voltage are admissible if not lasting longer than 5 seconds; longer fluctuations are admissible if they are within ±5 % of the nominal voltage. The work of the engine with loads is presented. The algorithm for parameter optimization was applied. The calculation is performed on real parameters

ALGORITHM DESIGN FOR SHIP’S STEERING WITH SPECIFIED LIMITATIONS UNDER VARIOUS WEATHER CONDITIONS

The problems of developing the risk assessment methods to estimate the level of safety of the vessel under the current conditions on a planned route before staring the pilotage as well as to make the decision on the beginning or suspension of pilotage in order to increase the level of navigational safety are discussed in the paper. Moreover, the application of the research results will reduce the affect of the human factor in decision-making in tasks related to the sea-going vessel’s operation. The developed method for the quantitative assessment of navigational risks will improve the safety of ship’s pilotage. It can also be applied in the decision-making support systems for the navigator in case of collision avoidance actions. The research results presented in this paper can be used to create automatic control systems

The Effective Optimization Methods of Port Activity on the Basis of Algorithmic Model

The article considers the inland waterways (IW) within the international transport corridors as multiphase systems of mass service (SMS) and shows the distinction in calculation of the important indicator of system efficiency - the average total waiting time of vessel service in the serving subsystems, the application of genetic algorithms to increase the efficiency of reloading processes

Modeling of Complex Structures for the Ship's Power Complex Using Xilinx System

One of the most essential tasks for a number of systems of the automatic controls in the autonomous electric power systems of the water transport is accurate calculation of variable harmonic components in the non-sinusoidal signal. In the autonomous electric power systems operating with full semiconductor capacity, the forms of line currents and voltages are greatly distorted, and generator devices generate voltage with inconsistent frequency, phase and amplitude. It makes calculation of harmonic composition of the distorted signals be a non-trivial task. The present paper provides a mathematical set for solution of the outlined problem including the realization in the discrete form. The simplicity and efficiency of the system proposed make possible to perform its practical realization with the help of cheap FPGA. The test of the developed system has been performed in the medium Matlab. The modern ship's electric power systems (SEPS) are characterized by the presence in its composition of a great number of the conversion load, including frequency transformer, un-interruptive power supply, inverters, rectifiers and other consuming devices varying in their non-linear volt-ampere features. Similar load has a negative impact on the supplying network of the alternating current, generating into it highest harmonic components of currents and voltages. At the same time, a great deal of the ship's automation systems apply the line currents and voltages to form the reference signal. Thus, for example, an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) of the ship's synchronous generators (SG) performs regulation by an average value of voltages and currents in the circuit. However, with the distorted form of the variable signals (that is caused by the presence of a wide range of highest harmonics) their average value increases and an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), correcting the error, decreases the exciting current of the synchronous generator that results in loss of voltage in the ship's electric power systems (SEPS). Consequently, decrease in relative value and increase in highest harmonics take place, and, thus, the electromagnetic moment of the non-synchronous motors decreases, the level of interferences influencing the systems of the ship's automatic controls becomes higher, and the losses in the power supply lines enlarge. Practically, such an error is corrected by the adjustment of the voltage corrector (VC). However, as the harmonic composition periodically varies depending on the mode of operation and the composition of the load of the electric power station, the setting of the voltage corrector should be changed constantly. This problem should be solved by measuring the level of the basic harmonics of the current and voltages of the ship's circuit. On the other side, it is known that filter-compensating devices (FCD) are the most efficient means to increase the quality of electric energy in the ship's power supply systems at the moment. Their efficiency in higher harmonic suppression and compensation of their volt-ampere reactive may be provided only by the high accuracy of the calculation of parameters in the target harmonics of the line currents and voltages. 2. Settlement of the problem Thus, the required functional set of the systems taken as an example determining their efficiency, in particular, and their operational performance in general, is a set for identification of external parameters of the control system. The major function of the block is extraction of harmonic components required for their analysis, calculation of their parameters from the distorted signal and application of the results of that analysis in the control of the means of the increasing values for quality of the electric Document type: Articl

Millimeter Wave Scattering from Neutral and Charged Water Droplets

We investigated 94GHz millimeter wave (MMW) scattering from neutral and charged water mist produced in the laboratory with an ultrasonic atomizer. Diffusion charging of the mist was accomplished with a negative ion generator (NIG). We observed increased forward and backscattering of MMW from charged mist, as compared to MMW scattering from an uncharged mist. In order to interpret the experimental results, we developed a model based on classical electrodynamics theory of scattering from a dielectric sphere with diffusion-deposited mobile surface charge. In this approach, scattering and extinction cross-sections are calculated for a charged Rayleigh particle with effective dielectric constant consisting of the volume dielectric function of the neutral sphere and surface dielectric function due to the oscillation of the surface charge in the presence of applied electric field. For small droplets with (radius smaller than 100nm), this model predicts increased MMW scattering from charged mist, which is qualitatively consistent with the experimental observations. The objective of this work is to develop indirect remote sensing of radioactive gases via their charging action on atmospheric humid air.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure

Use of sylvinite dedicated to Verkhnekamskoe field of potash and magnesium to increase quality and ionization of air environment

Urbanization of territories and growth of man-made air pollution require creating and widely implementing means, methods and materials to increase air quality of indoor premises through ionization. Increase of air quality of indoor premises is on the front burner which is caused by following reasons of natural air deionization: aerosol and gas pollution and air cleaning from its pollution. Wherein, use of conventional methods of electrostatic generation of air ions is restricted by its side effects. This paper reviews new prospecting methods to create qualitative and treatment air environment inside premises through its air ionization by interaction of air and natural sylvinite, containing silvite (potassium chloride). The paper presents generalized experimental data including air ionization of premises for treatment and health-recovering purposes that represent sylvinite speleoclimatic chambers with surfaces of different design made of either sawn sylvinite blocks of natural sylvinite or pressed salt tile with high concentration of potassium chloride etc. Air ionization occurs primarily due to beta radiation of natural radioactive isotope potassium-40. Concentration of air ions of positive and negative polarity and different mobility (light, moderate and heavy air ions) are studied. Spectrum distribution of air ions of light mobility group of negative polarity are analyzed in details. In the range of mobility more than 2 cm2В–1sec–1 unipolarity coefficient is always less than 1. In the range of 1–2 cm2В–1sec–1 unipolarity coefficient is larger than 1. Obtained results prove high efficiency of application of sylvinite construction materials to create high-quality, treatment or health-recovering air environment, allow to select special construction and decoration materials based on sylvinite depending on required parameters of air ion composition it order to create high-quality air in the premises

Professional Readiness of a Physical Education Teacher at the Present Stage of the Educational System

В статье рассматриваются вопросы профессиональной готовности педагога физической культуры на современном этапе образовательной системы РФ. Обозначены основные проблемы и особенности профессиональной готовности педагога.The article deals with the issues of professional readiness of a physical education teacher at the present stage of the educational system of the Russian Federation. The main problems and features of professional readiness of the teacher are designated