Beyond self-eating: The control of nonautophagic functions and signaling pathways by autophagy-related proteins.

The identification of conserved autophagy-related proteins (ATGs) that mediate bulk degradation of cytosolic material laid the foundation for breakthroughs linking autophagy to a litany of physiological processes and disease conditions. Recent discoveries are revealing that these same ATGs orchestrate processes that are related to, and yet clearly distinct from, classic autophagy. Autophagy-related functions include secretion, trafficking of phagocytosed material, replication and egress of viral particles, and regulation of inflammatory and immune signaling cascades. Here, we define common processes dependent on ATGs, and discuss the challenges in mechanistically separating autophagy from these related pathways. Elucidating the molecular events that distinguish how individual ATGs function promises to improve our understanding of the origin of diseases ranging from autoimmunity to cancer

Comprehension and trust in crises: investigating the impact of machine translation and post-editing

We conducted a survey to understand the impact of machine translation and postediting awareness on comprehension of and trust in messages disseminated to prepare the public for a weather-related crisis, i.e. flooding. The translation direction was English–Italian. Sixty-one participants—all native Italian speakers with different English proficiency levels— answered our survey. Each participant read and evaluated between three and six crisis messages using ratings and openended questions on comprehensibility and trust. The messages were in English and Italian. All the Italian messages had been machine translated and post-edited. Nevertheless, participants were told that only half had been post-edited, so that we could test the impact of post-editing awareness. We could not draw firm conclusions when comparing the scores for trust and comprehensibility assigned to the three types of messages—English, post-edits, and purported raw outputs. However, when scores were triangulated with open-ended answers, stronger patterns were observed, such as the impact of fluency of the translations on their comprehensibility and trustworthiness. We found correlations between comprehensibility and trustworthiness, and identified other factors influencing these aspects, such as the clarity and soundness of the messages. We conclude by outlining implications for crisis preparedness, limitations, and areas for future research

Mossy Oak Revisited: A Case Study in Mississippian Ceramics

The research presented here seeks to better understand the relationship between the Macon Plateau site and Mossy Oak ceramics. The Early Mississippian period in central Georgia was a time of great change with emerging political centralization and social ranking. This thesis aims to better understand Macon Plateau’s relationship with outlying areas. To accomplish this objective the ceramic assemblage site from the site of Mossy Oak (11 Bi 17) is revisited and reanalyzed using spatial analysis and detailed investigations of Vining Simple Stamped pottery. Rather than taking a top-down, elite-focused approach, this thesis explores the impact of horizontal relationships between groups present at the inception of social institutions and social inequality at the dawn of the Early Mississippian and the rise of Macon Plateau

Raindrop

Although it begins with a poem, this is really an article about the construction of a small pavilion at the DeCordova Museum in Lincoln, Massachusetts

Macroscopic observations of the effects of corrosive substances on bone and soft tissue when subjected to heating

As forensic techniques employed in homicide investigation are refined, so are the methods by which perpetrators of these crimes attempt to eliminate evidence that could lead to their prosecution. Acid submersion is an increasingly popular method of body disposal due to its highly destructive effects upon organic tissues and their suitability for macroscopic analyses that could enable positive identification. Sixteen fleshed pig (Sus scrofa) forelimbs were submerged in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and sodium hydroxide (n = 2 per trial) under control conditions and heated to 40˚C or 100˚C, to determine whether dissolution of all tissues was possible quickly enough to ensure a practical method of disposal, and whether heating would accelerate this process. Hydrochloric acid (31-35%) under control conditions failed to dissolve all soft tissues, but destroyed all bones within 68 hours; at 40˚C the soft tissues still were not entirely dissolved, but all bones were destroyed within 24 hours. Sulfuric acid (93%) under control conditions destroyed all soft tissue within 52 hours and all bones within 28 days. Sulfuric acid at 40˚C destroyed all soft tissue in 2.75 hours and all bones within nine days; at 100˚C all soft tissues were destroyed within 0.75 hour and all bones within nine hours. Sodium hydroxide (20-30%) failed to dissolve the soft and hard tissues in all trials, but the rapidity of alterations observed was positively correlated to temperature. The present research indicates that these chemicals can destroy large, fleshed body parts and that this destruction can be accelerated through heating

Rebecca Saxe: Investigating Theory of Mind using Multi-Voxel Pattern Analysis in Autistic Adults

Rebecca Saxe is a neuroscientist in the field of cognitive science and research. Saxe uses multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) in her research to study spatial neural responses in the right temporo-parietal junction (RTPJ) of the human brain and studies neural differences in the brain that allow non-autism spectrum disorder (neurotypical) adults to ascribe intentionality behind the actions of other individuals. While taking in consideration many prior studies, the current results from her research advocates that ASD effects the organization and voxel pattern of information in the ToM brain areas. Thus, the result of Saxe\u27s research suggests that individuals with ASD have consistent and reliable responses to in the RTPJ in reaction to all harmful acts, despite of whether the root of the action was accidental or intentional (3)

AGED 539 Internship Report - Rancho San Juan High School

This internship and project report includes documentation required in meeting the quality criteria for secondary-level programs of instruction in agriculture. The documents are concurrently used for the Agriculture Incentive Grant review process at Rancho San Juan High School conducted by representatives of the California Department of Education. The supporting material includes information to receive state and local funding, outline the goals and objectives of the program, along with an overview of Rancho San Juan High School, the agriculture program and the community