Berufsbildung in Europa. Neue Herausforderungen für die deutsche Berufsbildungsforschung

Dieser Beitrag basiert auf einem Referat, das auf der Fachtagung "Entwicklungspfade zum EUROPASS- Berufsbildung" der Gesellschaft zur Förderung Pädagogischer Forschung im Juni 1999 in Frankfurt am Main gehalten wurde. Der Autor skizziert die Herausforderungen für die berufliche Bildung im Rahmen der europäischen Integration und unterstreicht, das sich Organisation und inhaltliche Gestaltung der Berufsbildung in Deutschland den neuen gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen stellen müssten. Der Verfasser nennt Konsequenzen für die deutsche Berufsbildungsforschung. Sie habe die Aufgabe, die Berufsbildungssysteme anderer europäischer Länder auf dem jeweiligen Stand ihrer Entwicklung zu erfassen. Überblicksdarstellungen und Synopsen bildeten dabei nur einen Teil dieser Arbeit. Gefragt seien vor allem Vergleichsuntersuchungen, insbesondere wertende Vergleiche zu einzelnen Curricula und Abschlüssen. (DIPF/Orig./Ba.

Der Staat und die katholische Schule

Der Autor skizziert „das Verhältnis von Staat und katholischer Schule auf der Grundlage der Bestimmungen des Grundgesetzes“. „Leitender Gesichtspunkt ist die Frage nach Stellung und Möglichkeiten der katholischen Schule im Rahmen dieser Vorschriften. Die Einschränkung auf die verfassungsrechtlichen Bestimmungen erlaubt es, die Konturen dieses Verhältnisses von Staat und katholischer Schule klarer zu zeichnen. Dabei wird davon abgesehen, die unterschiedlichen Bestimmungen der Landesverfassungen im einzelnen zu erörtern. Ziel ist der Aufweis der verfassungsrechtlichen Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der katholischen Schule als Ersatzschule heute," wobei der Autor nach einem ersten historischen Überblick zunächst auf "Das Verhältnis von Staat und katholischer Schule in kirchlicher Sicht eingeht", dann "Das Verhältnis von Staat und katholischer Schule im Verfassungsrecht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland" erläutert und schließlich in einem weiteren Kapitel "Freiheit und Bindung der katholischen Schule" diskutiert. (DIPF/ ssch

Non-residential father involvement as it relates to residential family stress

The influence of non-resident father involvement on stress in the resident family was examined with a sample of 851 children. It was predicted that the level of non-resident father involvement as measured by child support, in-kind support, and visitation, would predict stress levels for the family. This study defines family stress by using factors of family disruption and conflict, mental and physical health problems, housing issues, healthcare struggles, financial strain, and lack of cognitive stimulation and emotional support. The results show that non-resident father in-kind support predicted an increase in mental and physical health problems and a decrease in health care struggles, non-resident father child support predicted an increase in health care struggles, and non-resident father visitation predicted a decrease in lack of cognitive stimulation and emotional support. These findings are important because they can help determine what types of father involvement should be encouraged or discouraged

Radio Art: A Slovak perspective

January 16, 2000, marked the history of Slovak New Media art and technologies with the first international internet radio art project. Entitled LENGOW and HEyeRMEarS Meet Radio Artists, it was a live acoustic performance that utilized radio internet broadcast between ORF1—Kunstradio Vienna with its project Arts Birthday 1.000.037,1 Radio Free B92 Beograd, and Tilos Radim Budapest. The performance took place on 16 Jan 2000, from 11 p.m. to midnight in Nové Zámky, Slovakia (Klik Klub). An edited soundtrack of the event was captured on a CD titled “SOUND OFF 1999-2000.” On the occasion of the staging of the performance, the following text attempted to summarize the history of radio art in the world, pointing out its increasing possibilities in the age of new technologie

The Glutaredoxin-like Cysteine-rich Family of Genes, Grxcr1 and Grxcr2, in Stereocilia Development and Function.

Grxcr1 encodes an evolutionarily conserved cysteine-rich protein with sequence similarity to the glutaredoxin family of proteins. Mutations in this Grxcr1 are associated with deafness and vestibular dysfunction in the pirouette mouse, a model for human deafness segregating at the DFNB25 locus. In this thesis, I characterize spontaneous loss of function mutations in Grxcr1 and a paralogous gene, Grxcr2, in vivo, and explore structure-function relationships between genes to provide insight into their functions in the inner ear. Mice homozygous for null alleles of Grxcr1 exhibit abnormally thin stereocilia on the apical surface of sensory cells in the inner ear, indicating a role for this gene in the control of stereocilia dimensions. Despite defects in stereocilia maturation, sensory hair cells exhibit relatively normal mechanotransduction at early postnatal time points. The vertebrate specific paralog, Grxcr2, encodes a protein that is localized to stereocilia of sensory cells in the cochlea and vestibular organs, similar to GRXCR1. Generation and analysis of a targeted mutation of mouse Grxcr2 indicated a similar requirement for this gene in the normal maturation of stereocilia bundles and in auditory function. Mice homozygous for the Grxcr2 mutation exhibited severe hearing loss associated with abnormal stereocilia bundle orientation and organization. Later onset hearing loss in mice homozygous for the Grxcr2 hypomorphic allele suggests that this gene may also be required to maintain auditory function in the mature cochlea. The different stereocilia morphologies identified in Grxcr1 and Grxcr2 mutants and the lack of an overt vestibular phenotype in Grxcr2 mutants, are consistent with distinct roles for these genes during inner ear development. Structure-function analysis of GRXCR1 and GRXCR2 indicated a conserved role for the N-terminus in localization of these proteins to actin filament-rich structures and for the C-terminal Cysteine-rich domain in mediating multimer formation. These studies suggest a model in which multimeric complexes of GRXCR1 and GRXCR2 play a local role to coordinate proper stereocilia development.Ph.D.Human GeneticsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91447/1/avenarim_1.pd

Osservazioni sul concetto di oggetto della psicologia

[English]:Remarks on the concept of object of psychology is Richard Avenarius last work and it represents his attempt to establish the fledgling scientific, physiological, experimental psychology on rigorous philosophical basis. With this work the founder of the so-called Empiriocriticism participates to the wide debate on the definition of psychology, along with notable personalities of the time, such as Wilhelm Wundt, Ernst Mach, Oswald Külpe, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Hugo Münsterberg and Edward B. Titchener./ [Italiano]: Le Osservazioni sul concetto di oggetto della psicologia costituiscono l’ultima opera di Richard Avenarius, in cui il fondatore dell’empiriocriticismo presenta il suo tentativo di fondare su basi filosoficamente rigorose la neonata psicologia scientifica di stampo fisiologico-sperimentale. Questo scritto si colloca così all’incrocio di quell’ampio dibattito sulla definizione di psicologia, che sul finire del diciannovesimo secolo vide coinvolte personalità del calibro di Wilhelm Wundt, Ernst Mach, Oswald Külpe, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Hugo Münsterberg ed Edward B. Titchener

Die Bedeutung des Schulrechts für die Lehrerbildung: Teil 1

Der Beitrag macht die Bedeutung des Schulrechts für die universitäre Lehrerbildung deutlich. Dies ist umso wichtiger, als es faktisch in der universitären Lehrerbildung keine Rolle spielt. Seine Bedeutung zeigt sich bereits darin, mit Zwang (Schulpflicht) einhergeht, andererseits als Freiheitsgewährleistung dient. Es bietet außerdem einen Organisationsrahmen und fungiert als Ordnungsrecht. Schließlich thematisiert der Beitrag das Schulrecht in seiner Bedeutung für das Berechtigungswesen und für die Integrationsaufgabe der öffentlichen Schule. (DIPF/Autor

Erosion or normal variant? 4-year MRI follow-up of the wrists in healthy children

Background A large proportion of healthy children have wrist changes on MRI, namely carpal depressions, findings that have been described as pathological in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Objective We performed follow-up imaging in a cohort of healthy children to evaluate carpal surface depressions over time, focusing on the presence of overlying cartilage as a potential discriminator between normal variants and true erosions. Materials and methods 74 of the initial cohort of 89 healthy children (83%) had a re-scan of their wrists using the same protocol, including coronal T1 and fat-saturated T2 sequences. A cartilage-selective sequence was added for this study. We registered number and location of bony depressions and presence of overlying cartilage. Results The total number of carpal depressions increased by age group and over time; their location was unchanged in 370 of 487 (76%) carpal sites and 91 of 117 (78%) metacarpal sites. In total, 426 of the 1,087 (39.2%) bony depressions were covered by cartilage, with a decreasing percentage by age (P = 0.001). Conclusion Normal appearances during growth, such as bony depressions, should not be mistaken for pathology. There must be additional findings to support a diagnosis of disease. A cartilage sequence may add to the diagnostic image analysis.publishedVersio

The Structure of Constraints: Social Networks of Immigrants from Taiwan

The Structure of Constraints: Social Networks of Immigrants from Taiwan This study looks at the social incorporation of affluent first generation immigrants from Taiwan who migrate to the deconcentrated settlement spaces of South Orange County in Southern California. Based on the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of these immigrants, it is assumed that not only will they experience economic and political integration, but also social integration into the mainstream society. At first glance, opportunities for incorporation into the larger society of the United States seem both plentiful and scarce. While some conditions facilitate integration, other circumstances work against integration. The present study aims to describe the present conditions for social integration of immigrants from Taiwan. It also discusses the nature of the incorporation process and the relation between spatial structure and social structure. Findings from ethnographic fieldwork, including 60 structured, 30 semi-structured interviews and numerous informal interviews, show that the social networks of ethnic Chinese and ethnic Taiwanese immigrants are not comparable to the densely knit, broadly-based ties linking neighbors and kin group members attributed to traditional immigrants. Instead, the social networks of immigrants with high levels of human and economic capital are based on loosely bounded, sparsely knit, and dynamic specialized ties. Recent immigrants have local networks involving less kinship, but higher numbers of former classmates and members of joint recreational associations. However, space- and time-compressing technologies still afford opportunities to maintain ties with family and friends in Taiwan as well as in other places around the globe. In addition, although immigrants from Taiwan choose to live geographically dispersed from other members of their ethnic group, they favor ethnically exclusive interaction outside their work or school environment. Numerous voluntary associations have evolved but are only weakly connected. However, membership in these religious, educational and recreational organizations fluctuates. This dissertation identifies the important structural constraints that shape the formation of personal networks of ethnic Taiwanese and ethnic Chinese immigrants from Taiwan and the degree of overlap created by these networks. Special attention is given to the implications of varying network structures for male and female immigrants on their sense of well-being and the different choices men and women make in building bridges to other social worlds. Analysis of personal network structures and the extent of connectivity between and across various subethnic community organizations is based on the notion that heterogeneity in network composition decreases while homogeneity increases the likelihood of social integration. Overall, there are few structural constraints to interaction with members of other ethnic groups in the social networks of ethnic Chinese and Taiwanese immigrants from Taiwan. However, while immigrants are economically integrated, the likelihood of social integration is not very high since immigrants rarely encounter the need to contact people outside their ethnic groups in their private lives