Innovative Collaboration to Further Community Self-Determination

The built urban environment is the product of more than a century of policy decisions that have both intentionally discriminated and have had the effect of discriminating, against African Americas, immigrants, the work class, low income individuals and other undesirables. While more than fifty years have passed since the passage of civil rights legislation in the United States, individuals in today’s cities are living out our discriminatory legacy. In Dayton, Ohio, a new movement has risen from the community to disrupt the legacy of de jure and de facto discrimination by the collaborative efforts of the impactive individuals, neighborhood leaders, organizers, and lawyers to re-imagine how development occurs and who benefits. Through mutual support within the community, Dayton is a living example of building a sustained movement that places community wealth building, self-determination, collective hope and praxis at the center of its efforts. An example is the origins of the Gem City Market, specifically how the community utilized Public Health Montgomery County & Dayton Opportunity Maps as the basis for a larger discussion about needs and aspirations community, and how lawyers, working with the community, were able to translate the vision of a full service grocery store to address food inequality into the policy and structure of the market

Gate Adjustable Coherent Three and Four Level Mixing in a Vertical Quantum Dot Molecule

We study level mixing in the single particle energy spectrum of one of the constituent quantum dots in a vertical double quantum dot by performing magneto-resonant-tunneling spectroscopy. The device used in this study differs from previous vertical double quantum dot devices in that the single side gate is now split into four separate gates. Because of the presence of natural perturbations caused by anharmonicity and anistrophy, applying different combinations of voltages to these gates allows us to alter the effective potential landscape of the two dots and hence influence the level mixing. We present here preliminary results from one three level crossing and one four level crossings high up in the energy spectrum of one of the probed quantum dots, and demonstrate that we are able to change significantly the energy dispersions with magnetic field in the vicinity of the crossing regions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. MSS-14 conference proceedings submitted to Physica

Are commitment and job satisfaction affect attitude of employees towards change initiatives?

This study aimed at examining the influence of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on attitudes of employees toward change initiatives in selected public universities in Ethiopia. Self-Administered questionnaires were prepared and distributed to 200 randomly selected teachers in selected universities via e-mail addresses. By using the average score of three scales, correlation and regression analysis was made to see the relationship and influences of commitment and job satisfaction. The findings revealed that employees` general attitude towards change initiatives is influenced by Job satisfaction (p<0.05). However, it did not indicate the significant influence of employees` commitment to the attitude of employees regarding change initiatives (p>0.05). These imply that job satisfaction may play a greater role in shaping the attitude of employees to change initiatives than organizational commitment. From the results, we recommend that leaders focus on things that can enhance job satisfaction during the implementation of change initiative

Full control of quadruple quantum dot circuit charge states in the single electron regime

We report the realization of an array of four tunnel coupled quantum dots in the single electron regime, which is the first required step toward a scalable solid state spin qubit architecture. We achieve an efficient tunability of the system but also find out that the conditions to realize spin blockade readout are not as straightforwardly obtained as for double and triple quantum dot circuits. We use a simple capacitive model of the series quadruple quantum dots circuit to investigate its complex charge state diagrams and are able to find the most suitable configurations for future Pauli spin blockade measurements. We then experimentally realize the corresponding charge states with a good agreement to our model.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Effects of Inclusion Rate of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Leaf and Root Mixture on Feed Intake and Growth Rate of Grower Chicks

The experiment studied the effect of inclusion rate of cassava leaf and root mixture (CLRM) on the performance of grower male white leghorn chicks at Wolaita Sodo ATVET College. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of inclusion rate of CLRM on performance of grower chicks and to determine the best level of the CLRM. The collected cassava leaves and roots were separately chopped, dried, ground and then mixed in the ratio of 50:50 to get CLRM. Four diets were formulated, T1 contained no CLRM and served as the control, diets T2, T3 and T4 had CLRM at levels of 7.5, 11.25 and 15%, respectively. The grower chicks kept in a deep litter system and the feeding trial lasted for twelve weeks. A total of 180, eight weeks old grower chicks with average initial body weight of 495.68±26.74g (mean±SD) were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups. Each group was replicated thrice with 15 chicks per replicate. A completely randomized design (CRD) experiment was used. The birds were given known amount of feed and water ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Data were collected on daily dry matter intake (DDMI), total DMI (TDMI), daily body weight gain (DBWG), final BWG (FBWG), DM conversion ratio (DMCR) (g/g), cost-benefit analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of variance for all parameters considered. The chemical analysis showed that, the crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents of CLRM were 14.5% and 3061.63 kcal/kg DM, respectively. The result of the experiment showed significant difference (P<0.05) among treatments in DDMI, TDMI, and CPI. T3 (66.9gm) had higher DDMI than T1 (65.14gm), T2 (65.18gm) and T4 (65.14gm). Similarly, T3 had higher TDMI, than the other dietary experimental feeds. However, there was no significant (P>0.05) difference in DBWG, FBWG between treatments. The control diet has lower (5.05±0.29 (±SEM)) DMCR compared to T4 ration (4.70±0.15 (±SEM)). Economic analysis showed that feed cost per bird was lower in the CLRM based diets than the control group. Similarly, the highest net return and marginal rate of return was noted for T3. The results showed that ration formulation using CLRM, like as in T3 of the present study resulted in better biological and economic performance in grower rations. It was concluded that feeding grower chicks with CLRM at 15% of the ration can be used without any adverse effect on the growth and carcass weight of the birds, while 11.25% CLRM in the ration gave the highest economic return and can be considered as best level for growers. Keywords: Cassava leaf and root mixture, dry matter intake, daily body weight gai

Impacts of rangeland degradation on soil physical, chemical and seed bank properties along a rradient in three rangeland vegetation types in Somali region, eastern Ethiopia

The Somali region of Ethiopia is a typical pastoral area, that occupy >50% of the 0.7 million km2 rangeland in the country. However, all forms of rangeland degradations have become major threats to enhance a sustainable pastoral-livestock production in Ethiopia. But except for very few studies on rangeland condition assessments, no or too little research has been conducted to understand the different impacts of soil degradation on the range bio-physical ecology. As a result, there exists a gap in knowledge to plan present and future rangeland improvement interventions in the country. The purpose of this study is therefore, to understand the impacts of different rangeland degradation conditions on the soil physical, chemical and seed bank properties along a gradient. Three rangeland vegetation types were selected in Erere wereda, Shinille zone in north eastern Somali region of Ethiopia, classified as arid (60%) and arid and semi-arid (40%). The experimental sites included: the Asbuli grassland (9–11.80N and 40–41.80E), the Aydora open savanna (8–10.80N and 40–4180E) and the Hurso closed savanna (4–6.80N and 40–42.80E), with an altitude ranging between 300 and 1200 m.a.s.l,. Each site was laid out in to four sites of degradation condition classes, namely: excellent (benchmark), good, moderate, and poor along the gradients. Accordingly, some important soil physical, chemical and soil seed bank parameters were analyzed using scientific procedures. Based on the results, soil texture showed a shift from clay type to silt clay, while soil erosion and compactions intensities were increased as rangeland conditions declined from excellent in to poor classes along the gradient. Further, increases in conditions of degradation simultaneously increased bulk density while vegetation covers showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction. This was explained in terms of increased bare ground with inverse proportion of basal cover. On the other hand, soil moisture, organic matter and organic carbon made a significant (p < 0.05) reduction as degradation condition increased from excellent into poor classes. Patterns in soil Nitrogen, available Phosphorus and Potassium also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) as rangeland degradation increased, may be due to higher leaching induced by higher runoff. Nevertheless, Cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, pH and percent base saturation (i.e. Ca, mg and Na) highly decreased as degradation was increased. To this end, deteriorations in rangeland condition has an overall negative impact on the soil physical and chemical characteristics, demanding for more efforts to improve the health of range vegetations. Likewise, number and density of regenerated plants declined in the soil seed banks from excellent to poor condition classes. Nevertheless, the soil seed banks still give an opportunity for rangeland improvement using appropriate rehabilitation, conservation and utilization techniques.Keywords: Rangeland ecology, condition classes, soil texture, xchangeable ions, pH, soil nutrients

Precise Coulomb wave functions for a wide range of complex l, eta and z

A new algorithm to calculate Coulomb wave functions with all of its arguments complex is proposed. For that purpose, standard methods such as continued fractions and power/asymptotic series are combined with direct integrations of the Schrodinger equation in order to provide very stable calculations, even for large values of |eta| or |Im(l)|. Moreover, a simple analytic continuation for Re(z) < 0 is introduced, so that this zone of the complex z-plane does not pose any problem. This code is particularly well suited for low-energy calculations and the calculation of resonances with extremely small widths. Numerical instabilities appear, however, when both |eta| and |Im(l)| are large and |Re(l)| comparable or smaller than |Im(l)|