Entropy Generation in MHD Flow of a Uniformly Stretched Vertical Permeable Surface under Oscillatory Suction Velocity

This paper reports the analytical calculation of the entropy generation due to heat and mass transfer and fluid friction in steady state of a uniformly stretched vertical permeable surface with heat and mass diffusive walls, by solving analytically the mass, momentum, species concentration and energy balance equation, using asymptotic method. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles were reported and discussed. The influences of the chemical reaction parameter, the thermal and mass Grashof numbers, heat generation/absorption and Hartmann number on total entropy generation were investigated, reported and discussed

Bacterial contamination of stethoscopes at a tertiary care hospital in southwestern Nigeria

Hospital acquired infections are a recognized cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. They are frequently caused by organisms residing in healthcare environment, including contaminated medical equipment like stethoscopes. There is limited awareness of health workers of the contribution of contaminated hospital equipment to nosocomial infections. Hence we aimed to determine the level of bacterial contamination and bacterial profile of the isolates from stethoscopes at our centre- a tertiary care hospital in Abeokuta, Southwest Nigeria.To achieve this, 2 stethoscopes were selected from each of the clinical care units in the hospital and studied. Specimens were collected using moistened sterile cotton swab from the ear pieces and diaphragms of each stethoscope and processed following standard microbiological techniques. In all, 26 stethoscopes were studied. 46.2% (12) of the diaphragms cultured yielded growth of bacteria while only 11.5% (3) of the ear pieces cultured yielded a growth of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (58.3%) was the most commonly cultured organism. Other organisms cultured included: Diphtheroids, Proteus species and Escherichia coli. 83.3% of the isolated organisms were gram positive while 16.7% were gram negative organisms.In conclusion,the study shows that there is a high level of contamination of stethoscopes in use by health care workers. Disinfection of stethoscopes before and after use is advocated to reduce the spread of infections.Keywords: Stethoscopes, Contaminated medical equipment, Disinfection, Hospital acquired infections, Health care workers, Bacterial profil

Silent Weapon: A documentary on ending police corruption in Nigeria with a Nonviolent Social Movement

This documentary aims to examine the issue of police corruption in Nigeria and see how a nonviolent movement can be implemented to end this problem. The focus is on nonviolent movements like the #ENDSARS was used to bring change where there seemed to be no hope. There have been many accounts of the experiences of the citizens of Nigeria when it comes to police corruption. Unfortunately, a lot of these situations have gone untold. Some Nigerians believe there is no way to stop the police from being corrupt, as it has been going on for too long. Many citizens feel helpless and try to find ways to cope with their reality. This study helps answer why police corruption is a major issue in Nigeria and also see what steps can be taken to change the daily reality of Nigerian residents with police corruption. This documentary also sheds light on the day-to-day experiences citizens of Nigeria have with the police concerning corruption. It focuses on the definition of corruption and what steps have been taken in the past to the present to bring about change in Nigeria. There needs to be more research on how the police department has taken steps to address police corruption. This documentary shows that there are very few benefits police officers receive. Shedding light on corruption will help spread awareness of what occurs in Nigeria. By studying the #ENDSARS movements in Nigeria in 2020, one can see how such a movement can be implemented in Nigeria to end police corruption. This documentary examines the advantages and disadvantages of implementing a violent or nonviolent movement to address corruption. It took over five months to conduct the research, which heavily relies on interviews, personal experiences, and previous research. As a potential solution, this documentary proposes that there must be unity amongst Nigerian police officers and citizens for a nonviolent social movement to reduce police corruption. This movement must include benefits for police officers. In addition, corruption is not a police problem but rather a Nigerian problem due to poverty

Strengths and weaknesses of anticipatory failure determination in identifying black swan type of events

Master's thesis in Offshore technology / risk managementSome of the systemic/operational failures that happen in industries like oil and gas, production industry, financial institution are associated with unanticipated/surprise events. These events are known as Black Swan Events; the way in which they occur is so surprising that no one would have predicted the occurrence. When these events happen, the likelihood for extreme consequences cannot be ruled out. “Taleb described a Black Swan as a highly improbable event with three principle characteristics: its unpredictable; its massive; and, after it has happened, our desire to make it appear less random and more predictable than it was. The astonishing success of Google was a Black Swan; so was 9/11” - Prof Nassim Nicolas Taleb The consequences of this black swan type of events remain a challenge for many industries because of the failure of traditional risk assessment methods in providing solution to meeting these types of event. Therefore, it has become necessary to improve our hazard/threat identification methods due to the fear of the unforeseen events that could threaten the safety and security of our system or operation. A new tool for failure and risk analysis called Anticipatory Failure Determination (AFD) has been introduced. It is based on the theory of inventive problem solving and it has two broad applications namely Anticipatory Failure Analysis (AFD-1) and Anticipatory Failure Prediction (AFD-2). The main objective of AFD-1 is to find the causes of a failure that has already occurred while in AFD-2, the goal is to identify all possible failures that have not yet occurred. This paper will present a new tool for failure and risk analysis called Anticipatory Failure Determination. It will focus on identifying the strengths and weaknesses of this new tool in identifying black swan type of event. General overview and discussion of this tool will be done as well as demonstrating its applicability using a practical example

Two Steps Block Method for the Solution of General Second Order Initial Value Problems of Ordinary Differential Equation

In this paper, an implicit block linear multistep method for the solution of ordinary differential equation was extended to the general form of differential equation. This method is self starting and does not need a predictor to solve for the unknown in the corrector. The method can also be extended to boundary value problems without additional cost. The method was found to be efficient after being tested with numerical problems of second order

Combating electoral fraud using the rights-base approach

This paper examines strategic efforts aimed at combating electoral fraud. The aim is to identify what makes a strategy effective and functional or otherwise. Two strategies are actually identified and examined accordingly. The first is the Agency Based approach which allows States delegate the duty of enforcing electoral laws to a specific agency which will shoulder the responsibility of enforcing compliance with electoral standards. The second approach, on the other hand, is the Rights Based approach. This approach recognizes and promotes the rights of citizens to take part in holding duty-bearers and violators of electoral standards accountable. The paper contends that though the first has enormous potential for combating electoral crimes, the second actually provides more realistic prospects for dealing with the complex electoral realities and electoral frauds foisted on the continent of Africa today Keywords: „Electoral Fraud‟, „State Duties‟, „Right Based Approach‟, „Responsibility‟, „Agency Based Approach

A One Step Method for the Solution of General Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations

In this paper, an implicit one step method for the numerical solution of second order initial value problems of ordinary differential equations has been developed by collocation and interpolation technique. The introduction of an o step point guaranteed the zero stability and consistency of the method. The implicit method developed was implemented as a block which gave simultaneous solutions, as well as their rst derivatives, at both o step and the step point. A comparison of our method to the predictor-corrector method after solving some sample problems reveals that our method performs better

Food Insecurity Among College Students: Perception of College Administrators

Abstract While food insecurity among college students has existed for decades, only in recent years has the focus on the impact of food insecurity on student success emerged. However, most of the research has been quantitative, conducted at public two-year and four-year colleges and focused on predictors, prevalence, and impact of food insecurity among college students. Although prior student-based research has been beneficial to understand the problem, there is inconsistency in how institutions and higher education professionals address this issue with their students. A transcendental phenomenological single case study design was used in this study to explore the lived experience of college administrators who support food-insecure students at a private university. Using qualitative data gathered from 10 college administrators through surveys and semi-structured interviews, this study investigated the participants’ perceptions of their roles in support of food-insecure students. The institutional website was also examined to determine the institutional response to food-insecure students and to corroborate interview data. Using institutional logics perspective as a framework for analysis, this study explored how college administrators perceive their role and motivations for supporting food-insecure students. A significant finding of this study was that neither institutional culture nor professional norms directly informed college administrators of any responsibility or process for supporting food-insecure students. The participants were motivated to support food-insecure students because of their personal values