The ancient place-name for the village of Torredonjimeno

El nombre antiguo (pre-romano o romano) de “Torredonjimeno” (Jaén) sigue siendo objeto de disputa. Para unos sería “Tucci Vetus” y para otros “Abra”. Por otra parte se le atribuye el nombre de “Ossaria” en época visigótica. Finalmente, en el propio “Torredonjimeno” y en general en la provincia de Jaén se da por cierto que su nombre fue “Tosiria”, del que deriva el localicio “Tosiriano” de uso generalizado. En este trabajo tratamos de arrojar luz a este problema toponímico.The ancient (pre-roman or roman) place-name for the village of “Torredonjimeno” (Jaen, in the South of Spain) is actually disputed. For some scholars it would be “Tucci Vetus”, for some others “Abra”. Further on, during the Visigothic time, it would be named “Ossaria”. Finally, in Torredonjimeno and generally speaking, in Jaen province, the names used nowadays are “Tosiria” for the village and “Tosirian” for its inhabitants. The present research work is aimed to bring some light into the problem

New design parameters for biparabolic beach profiles (SW Cadiz, Spain)

165 profiles of seventy-one beaches along the Gulf of Cadiz (SW, Spain) were studied to improve the formulation of the beach profile in tidal seas. Maritime climate, degree of energy exposure and size of the sand grains were taken into account to study the two sections of the biparabolic profile. The objective of the study was the determination of more accurate formulations of the design parameters for the equilibrium profile that involves tidal seas. These formulations were modelled and validated based on existing profiles to quantify the error existing between the real profile and the modelling. This comparative analysis was extended by considering the formulations proposed by other authors. The best results were obtained with the proposal presented herein

A Design Parameter for Reef Beach Profiles—A Methodology Applied to Cadiz, Spain

The southwestern coast of Spain is in a tidal zone (mesotidal) which causes the equilibrium profile to be developed in two different sections: the breakage section and the swash section. These two sections give rise to the typical bi-parabolic profile existing in tidal seas. The existence of areas with reefs/rocks which interrupt the normal development of the typical bi-parabolic profile causes different types of beach profiles. The objective of this article is designing an easy methodology for determining new formulations for the design parameters of the equilibrium profile of beaches with reefs in tidal seas. These formulations are applied on 16 profiles to quantify the error between the real profile data and the modelling results. A comparative analysis is extended to the formulations proposed by other authors, from which it is found that better results are obtained with the new formulations

«Seguros de no verse con necesidad de bastimentos»: violencia interétnica y manejo de recursos silvestres y domésticos en Tierras de los Pehuenches (Aluminé, siglo XVII)

En este artículo se consideran los efectos que el conflicto interétnico tuvo sobre las actividades de las poblaciones nativas instaladas en las tierras de los pehuenches (cuencas de los ríos Agrio y Aluminé, actual territorio de la provincia de Neuquén, República Argentina) durante el siglo XVII. En una atmósfera de violencia y en el marco de constitución de una zona tribal se instaló una economía bélica y una variación en los patrones de residencia y movilidad, traducidos en estrategias de distanciamiento y ocultamiento de personas y recursos –la guerra de los silos–, combinándose la retirada de la población a posiciones de difícil acceso para colocarla fuera del alcance de las campeadas y malocas hispano-criollas con un mayor énfasis en la explotación de recursos silvestres vegetales y animales.In this article, the effects that the interethnic conflict had on the activities of the native population settled on the land of the Pehuenches (basins of the Agrio and Aluminé rivers, territory of the province of Neuquén, Argentina, at the present time) during the 17th century, are considered. In an atmosphere of violence and in the frame of the constitution of a tribal zone, one can find the settlement of a war economy and a variation of the patterns of residence and mobility, translated into strategies of withdrawing and hiding people and resources –war of the silos– combining the withdrawal of the population to positions that were difficult of access so that it would be out of reach of the hispanic campeadas and malocas, with a greater emphasis on the exploitation of vegetal and animal wild resources

Decoherence induced by a fluctuating Aharonov-Casher phase

Dipoles interference is studied when atomic systems are coupled to classical electromagnetic fields. The interaction between the dipoles and the classical fields induces a time-varying Aharonov-Casher phase. Averaging over the phase generates a suppression of fringe visibility in the interference pattern. We show that, for suitable experimental conditions, the loss of contrast for dipoles can be observable and almost as large as the corresponding one for coherent electrons. We analyze different trajectories in order to show the dependence of the decoherence factor with the velocity of the particles.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.

HOMA metabolic assessment in normoglycemic and diabetic canines.

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus es una patología producida por un aumento en los niveles de glucosa a nivel sanguíneo, fenómeno mediado por factores ambientales y genéticos. Esta alza en los niveles de glicemia se puede deber a una falla en la producción, ya sea parcial o absoluta de insulina, así como también por una pérdida en la sensibilidad a la insulina por parte de los tejidos. Dado que los pacientes diabéticos solo responden a manejos de insulinización, y que son en su mayoría delgados, estos caninos pueden tener insulinoresistencia, sin llegar a desarrollar intolerancia a la glucosa o diabetes. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la insulinoresistencia por medio del modelo matemático HOMA en pacientes con distinta condición corporal. Métodos: Se determinaron los niveles de insulina a través de ensayo IRMA y el análisis estadístico utilizó prueba de X2 y análisis de varianza ANOVA. Resultados: El análisis de varianza ANOVA entre los grupos, no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo HOMA normoglicémico del paciente obeso y normopeso, así como tampoco entre el grupo HOMA diabético y normopeso. El índice de correlación X2 no mostró una asociación significativa entre la condición corporal y el índice HOMA alterado, (X2 =3,056; p = 0.08). Los niveles de insulina fueron mayores en pacientes obesos respecto a normopeso, aunque esta diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (F = 1.004; p = 0.394). Conclusión: El estudio realizado no mostró diferencias significativas en los niveles HOMA asociada a aumentos en su condición corporal, lo cual se podría relacionar a un mayor estado de insulinodeficiencia por sobre el estado de insulinoresistencia.Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is caused by an increase in blood glucose levels, a phenomenon mediated by environmental and genetic factors. This increase in blood glucose levels may be due to a partial or absolute failure to produce insulin as well as a loss in tissue sensitivity to insulin. Given that diabetic patients respond only to insulin therapy and are mostly thin, canines can develop insulin resistance, without developing glucose intolerance or diabetes. Aims: We aim to evaluate insulin resistance using the mathematical model homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) in patients with different body condition. Insulin levels were determined using the IRMA assay, and X2 test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for the statistical analysis. Results: ANOVA between the groups showed no significant differences between the normoglycemic HOMA group of the obese and normal weight patients and between the diabetic and normal weight HOMA group. The X2 correlation index did not show a significant association between the body condition and the altered HOMA index (X2 = 3.056, p = 0.08). Insulin levels were higher in obese patients than in those with normal weight, although the difference was not significant (F = 1.004, p = 0.394). Conclusion: In addition, there were no significant differences in HOMA levels associated with increases in the body condition, which could be related with a higher state of insulin deficiency over the state of insulin resistance

In Vitro Toxicity Assessment of Stilbene Extract for Its Potential Use as Antioxidant in the Wine Industry

The reduction of sulfur dioxide in wine is a consumer’s demand, considering the allergic effects that may occur in people who are sensitive to it. Stilbenes are candidates of great interest for this purpose because of their antioxidant/antimicrobial activities and health properties, and also because they are naturally found in the grapevine. In the present study, the in vitro toxicity of an extract from grapevine shoots (with a stilbene richness of 45.4%) was assessed in two human cell lines. Significant damage was observed from 30 μg/mL after 24 h, and 40 µg/mL after 48 h of exposure. Similarly, the ultrastructural study revealed a significant impairment of cell growing. The extract was able to protect cells against an induced oxidative stress at all concentrations studied. In view of the promising results, a more exhaustive toxicological assessment of the extract is needed to confirm the safety of its further use as additive in wine.España,Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad and INIA for the financial support for this project (RTA2015-00005-C02-02