20 research outputs found
Track E Implementation Science, Health Systems and Economics
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138412/1/jia218443.pd
DOMESTIC AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT IN SOUTH AFRICA FROM 1988/89 TO 1993/94: A CALCULATION
The objective of this paper is to calculate total support received by the South African agricultural sector during the period 1988/89 to 1993/94. In the calculation of the total support to agriculture in South Africa, the Producer Subsidy Equivalent (PSE) was used to determine the internal support received by producers. The PSE was not calculated on a product-specific basis, but for agriculture as a whole. Agricultural support in South Africa has increased steadily during the past few years. With the exception of the drought relief programmes in 1992/93, support amounted to approximately R4 billion a year since 1991/92. Market price support is the largest component of domestic support and has contributed about 48 percent of total support during the previous four years
DOES SOUTH AFRICAN AGRICULTURE RECEIVE TOO MUCH SUPPORT? -A COMPARISON
1bis article puts agricultural support in South Africa in perspective with some selected countries of the developed world. The comparison of support data between countries,bearing in mind the recognised limits of these indicaton;, gives an indication of the relative extent of agricultural support in South Africa. With the exception of Australia and New Zealand, South Africa had a relatively low degree of support compared to the other selected developed countries. However, bearing in mind the low per capita income of the majority of South Africans, the question still remains to what extent South Africans can afford even the current relatively low levels of support within the agricultural sector
Leading tourism ventures : what are the characteristics that enable some small tourism enterpreneurs to succeed, while others fail?
Exploring a conceptual measurement instrument to assess performance predictors of small tourism business in South Africa
CITATION: Van Zyl, H. J. C. & Mathur-Helm, B. 2008. Exploring a conceptual measurement instrument to assess performance predictors of small tourism business in South Africa. Acta Commercii, 8(1): 194-207, doi: 10.4102/ac.v8i1.82.The original publication is available at http://www.actacommercii.co.zaPurpose: The present study was set out to develop a model of entrepreneurial leadership that can recognize success
factors of the owners of small and micro tourism enterprises within the South African context. The study attempts to
combine various reliable and valid measurement instruments together, in conceptualising a more comprehensive and
unified model that could test the nature and extent of the interrelationships between entrepreneurial leadership, market
orientation, relationship marketing orientation and small tourism performance identified in a previous study by Van Zyl
and Mathur-Helm (2007). Hence, a complex measurement instrument was conceptually constructed by the present
study.
Problem Investigated: The Van Zyl and Mathur-Helmâs (2007) study found that entrepreneurial leadership could best
be described through a combination of distinct components. Hence the following instruments, entrepreneurial proclivity,
ethical orientation, revised self-leadership, market orientation and relationship marketing orientation, with wide ranging
dimensions of entrepreneurship, tourism, marketing and leadership, were brought together in formulating a
comprehensive and complex measurement instrument.
Methodology: It is a descriptive and a theoretical article that conceptually describes the development of a complex
measurement instrument and thus secondary data from previous studies are used as comparative analysis for
discussions and examinations.
Implications: The paper recommends implications for South Africaâs small tourism businesses, the government and the
training institutions, by suggesting a model of performance predictors that can measure entrepreneurial leadership and
can distinguish between successful (performing) and unsuccessful (non-performing) owner-managers of such ventures.
Moreover, the instrument is aimed at providing insights into the kind of skills that a particular entrepreneurial leader
and/or an owner manager of a small tourism enterprise may need in order to perform optimally in a complex and
competitive environment.
Originality and Value of Research: The present study will add immense value as South Africa is one of the most
popular tourist destination that stands a good prospect of expanding its opportunities for the existing and upcoming
tourism ventures. Hence owners, managers and leaders of small tourism enterprises demonstrating leadership
characteristics such as high internal locus of control, autonomy and achievement drive, through awareness of such
characteristics and acquiring them through skills development will be able to build high performing future businesses.
Conclusion: The complex measurement instrument constructed in the present study, by combining the existing tools:
entrepreneurial proclivity instrument (Matsuno et al., 2002); ethical orientation instrument (Forsythe, 1980); revised self
leadership instrument (Houghton and Neck, 2002); market orientation instrument (Narver and Slater, 1990); relationship
marketing orientation instrument (Sin et al., 2002) and small tourism performance (Lerner and Harber, 2000; Wood 2002
and 2006) would help in identifying the vital entrepreneurial characteristics described through a combination of different
dimensions.Publisher's versio