TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER FROM RASIPURAM TALUK, TAMILNADU, INDIA

Groundwater is an important source of water for many municipalities, industries and for irrigation, which needs careful and critical assessment of its quality. The groundwater samples collected from Rasipuram Taluk, Which is located in southern part of India, have been used for the trace element analysis. The main reason behind this analysis is based on the fact that, the industrial wastewater contributes to the groundwater pollution. The samples were analyzed for trace elements such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) and other associated equipments. It was found that the concentrations of trace elements in groundwater of the study area are well within the prescribed limit

Role of Ilioinguinal Neurectomy in Entrapment Syndrome in Inguinal Hernia Repair

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic post herniorrhaphy groin pain is defined as pain lasting > 3 months after surgery, which is one of the most important complication occuring after inguinal hernia repair, occurs with greater frequency than previously thought. Chronic groin pain is one of the most significant complication following inguinal hernia repair, and majority of chronic pain has been attributed to ilioinguinal nerve entrapment. Routine excision of the ilioinguinal nerve in an attempt to decrease the incidence of chronic groin pain caused by nerve entrapment, inflammation, fibrotic reactions around the nerve. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of routine ilioinguinal nerve excision compared to nerve preservation on chronic groin pain and other sensory symptoms when performing lichtenstein ‘s inguinal hernia repair. METHODS: A total of 100 patients admitted for inguinal hernia at Rajiv Gandhi Govt. General Hospital who met with inclusion criteria who underwent open mesh repair of inguinal hernia over the study period from May 2010 to November 2012. The ilioinguinal nerve was identified and preserved in 50 patients (Group-A) and ilioinguinal neurectomy done in 50 patients (Group-B) were evaluated for pain and other sensory symptoms at PoD-1, at one month, at second month, and at third months after surgery by using visual analogue scale. RESULTS: 100 patients are included in the study and it was divided into two groups namely one group with the preservation of ilioinguinal nerve consisting of 50 patients named as Group A and another group with ilioinguinal neurectomy done consisting of 50 patients named as Group B. The results showed the incidence of postoperative chronic groin pain months after surgery are 72% vs 84% (p0.384) at POD-1 ; 56 % vs 14% (p<0.05) at 1 month ; 44%12%(p<0.05) at 2 months ; and 28% vs 8% (p<0.05) at 3 months in group A and B respectively by using Chi square test. The results showed that the incidence of postoperative chronic groin pain decreases in neurectomy group compared to nerve preservation group. The results showed no significant differences in hypoesthesia in either group, it is found to be 12% vs 44% at post operative day-1, 10% vs 36% at 1st month, 8% vs 32% at 2nd month, 8% vs 20% at 3rd month. And the P values are 0.001, 0.004, 0.005, 0.096 at 8 post operative day-1, 1st month, 2nd month and 3rd month respectively. The incidence of post operative numbness was compared between Group A and Group B and the results of the follow up study are as follows : 36% vs 6% at day-1 (P=0.001), 32% vs 10% at 1st month (P=0.011), 20% vs 6% at 2nd month (P=0.045), 24% vs 6% at 3rd month (P=0.016). The interpretation of the results are that there is statistical significant difference between Group A and Group B regarding the incidence of post operative numbness. CONCLUSION: The ilioinguinal neurectomy during Lichtenstein mesh hernia repair decreases the incidence of chronic groin pain after surgery. Furthermore the procedure is not significantly associated with additional morbidities in terms of local cutaneous neurosensory disturbances. So when performing Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair, routine ilioinguinal neurectomy is a reasonable option

Domain and Intelligence Based Multimedia Question Answering System

Multimedia question answering systems have become very popular over the past few years. It allows users to share their thoughts by answering given question or obtain information from a set of answered questions. However, existing QA systems support only textual answer which is not so instructive for many users. The user’s discussion can be enhanced by adding suitable multimedia data. Multimedia answers offer intuitive information with more suitable image, voice and video. This system includes a set of information as well as classification of question and answer, query generation, multimedia data selection and presentation. This system will take all kinds of media such as text, images, videos, and videos which will be combined with a textual answer. In a way, it automatically collects information from the user to improvising the answer. This method consists of ranking for answers to select the best answer. By dealing out a huge set of QA pairs and adding them to a database, multimedia question answering approach for users which finds multimedia answers by matching their questions with those in the database. The effectiveness of Multimedia system is determined by ranking of text, image, audio and video in users answer. The answer which is given by the user it’s processed by Semantic match algorithm and the best answers can be viewed by Naive Bayesian ranking system

Synthesis of novel benzopyrano pyrano pyrimidines and benzopyrano pyrano thiopyrimidines

184-186A convenient and facile synthesis of benzopyrano pyrano pyrimidines and benzopyrano pyrano thiopyrimidines starting from 4-hydroxycoumarin and 1,3 -diphenyl barbituric acid/1 ,3-diphenyl-2-thiobarbituric acid in 2% NaOH solution with vinyl acetate is described

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of 4-phenyl-3-thiopyrimido[4,5<i>b</i>] quinolines

2133-2135An easy one-step synthesis of substituted pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines 3a-e has been achieved from 2-chloro-3-formyl quinolines 1 and N-Phenyl thiourea 2. All the synthesized compounds have been biologically screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities

Influence of V54M mutation in giant muscle protein titin: a computational screening and molecular dynamics approach

<p>Recent genetic studies have revealed the impact of mutations in associated genes for cardiac sarcomere components leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The cardiac sarcomere is composed of thick and thin filaments and a giant muscle protein known as titin or connectin. Titin interacts with T-cap/telethonin in the Z-line region and plays a vital role in regulating sarcomere assembly. Initially, we screened all the variants associated with giant protein titin and analyzed their impact with the aid of pathogenicity and stability prediction methods. V54M mutation found in the hydrophobic core region of the protein associated with abnormal clinical phenotype leads to DCM was selected for further analysis. To address this issue, we mapped the deleterious mutant V54M, modeled the mutant protein complex, and deciphered the impact of mutation on binding with its partner telethonin in the titin crystal structure of PDB ID: 1YA5 with the aid of docking analysis. Furthermore, two run molecular dynamics simulation was initiated to understand the mechanistic action of V54M mutation in altering the protein structure, dynamics, and stability. According to the results obtained from the repeated 50 ns trajectory files, the overall effect of V54M mutation was destabilizing and transition of bend to coil in the secondary structure was observed. Furthermore, MMPBSA elucidated that V54M found in the Z-line region of titin decreases the binding affinity of titin to Z-line proteins T-cap/telethonin thereby hindering the protein–protein interaction.</p