HIV-1 Infection Among Pregnant Women In Angola: Molecular Epidemiology and Test of Novel Azt Triazole Derivatives

RESUMO: 2.1 Objetivo geral:: Estudar a variabilidade genética do VIH em mulheres grávidas de Luanda, com principal ênfase na epidemiologia molecular do VIH-1 e a testagem in vitro de novos compostos derivados do AZT quanto à sua capacidade para inibir a replicação do VIH-1. 2.2 Objetivos específicos I. Determinar a prevalência do VIH, coinfecções e os determinantes sociodemográficos que contribuem para a disseminação de doenças infeciosas em mulheres grávidas de Luanda. II. Investigar a diversidade genética do VIH-1 e mutações de resistência aos fármacos antirretrovirais em mulheres grávidas recém-diagnosticadas com VIH e naïves ao tratamento antirretroviral em Luanda. III. Identificar os determinantes sociodemográficos que influenciam para a disseminação de variantes do VIH-1 com mutações de resistência aos fármacos antirretrovirais em mulheres grávidas de Luanda. IV. Avaliar a eficácia de novos compostos sintetizados com modificação química no grupo 3′- Azido do AZT quanto a sua toxicidade e capacidade para inibir a replicação do VIH-1 in vitro

Photodynamic Therapy: A Novel Ally for Surgical Endodontic Treatment? Case Report

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a powerful tool for conventionalendodontic treatment, capable of eradicating microorganisms present in endodontic infections.Despite this, the use of PDT in the surgical endodontic treatment is not well-known.Case Report: This paper describes the case of a patient with asymptomatic apical periodontitisin a mandibular incisor submitted to surgical endodontic treatment associated with PDT. Afterconventional procedures, photosensitizer methylene blue (0.01%) was applied to the retrogradecavity for 3 minutes, followed by irradiation with diode laser (100 mW and 660 nm) for 3minutes. Six months after the procedure, the patient was asymptomatic, and the radiographicexamination showed healthy periradicular tissues.Conclusion: The association of PDT with surgical endodontic treatment was effective, suggestingthat this therapy may provide additional benefits to patients when compared to the conventionalsurgical technique

Formação profissional em educação física: história, avanços, limites e desafios

Introdução: A Educação Física no Brasil tem sua história entrelaçada ao contexto sócio-político. Por longos anos, a disciplina escolar esteve entendida como mera atividade prática, cujo objetivo estava circunscrito ao desenvolvimento físico e moral dos brasileiros. O referencial que sustentava seu conteúdo de ensino era oriundo, portanto, das ciências biológicas que, não obstante, reforçava o seu caráter higiênico e eugênico. Assim, o presente artigo, partindo da análise da literatura especializada no assunto, apresenta e problematiza os caminhos percorridos pela Formação Docente em Educação Física ao longo de sua história. Objetivo: analisar a evolução teórico/metodológica e epistemológica do ensino e da Formação Docente em Educação Física no Brasil. Métodos: Utilizou-se de um conjunto de artigos científicos, livros, dissertações, teses e documentos a fim de viabilizar as análises acerca do processo histórico da área da Educação Física. Resultados: A análise dos dados sugere que os objetivos e as propostas educacionais da Educação Física foram se modificando ao longo dos anos e, apesar disso, todas estas tendências ainda hoje influenciam, de algum modo, a formação do profissional e a prática pedagógica do professor de Educação Física. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário construir projetos de formação que contribuam para o desenvolvimento de profissionais críticos e atuantes diante da realidade do seu tempo, capazes de enriquecer e melhorar a sociedade. ABSTRACT. Professional education in physical education: history, advances, limits and challenges. Background: Physical Education in Brazil has its history intertwined with the socio-political context. For many years, this school subject was understood as a mere practical activity, whose purpose was limited to the physical and moral development of Brazilian population. The frame of reference that supported its teaching content came from the biological sciences that reinforced its hygienic and eugenic character. Thus, this article, based on specialized literature analysis on this subject, exposes and problematizes the teacher education in Physical Education throughout its history. Objective: to analyze the theoretical, methodological and epistemological development of teaching and teacher education in Physical Education in Brazil. Methods: It was used a set of scientific articles, books, dissertations, theses and documents to facilitate the analysis of the historical process in the area of Physical Education. Results: The data analysis suggests that the aims and educational proposals of Physical Education have been changing over the years, however, each references that formed it still influences in some way the professional formation and pedagogical practice of the Physical Education teacher. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop formation programs that contribute to the development of critical and active professionals to face the reality of their time, capable of enriching and improving the society

Alternative measures to evaluate the accuracy and bias of genomic predictions with censored records

This study aimed to propose and compare metrics of accuracy and bias of genomic prediction of breeding values for traits with censored data. Genotypic and censored-phenotypic information were simulated for four traits with QTL heritability and polygenic heritability, respectively: C1: 0.07-0.07, C2: 0.07-0.00, C3: 0.27-0.27, and C4: 0.27-0.00. Genomic breeding values were predicted using the Mixed Cox and Truncated Normal models. The accuracy of the models was estimated based on the Pearson (PC), maximal (MC), and Pearson correlation for censored data (PCC) while the genomic bias was calculated via simple linear regression (SLR) and Tobit (TB). MC and PCC were statistically superior to PC for the trait C3 with 10 and 40% censored information, for 70% censorship, PCC yielded better results than MC and PC. For the other traits, the proposed measures were superior or statistically equal to the PC. The coefficients associated with the marginal effects (TB) presented estimates close to those obtained for the SLR method, while the coefficient related to the latent variable showed almost unchanged pattern with the increase in censorship in most cases. From a statistical point of view, the use of methodologies for censored data should be prioritized, even for low censoring percentages

Evaluation of blood cell count parameters as predictors of treatment failure of malaria in Angola: An observational study

Background- Despite the guidelines provided by the World Health Organization for the treatment of malaria, treatment failure occurs in many hospitalized patients. Objective- Evaluate whether blood cell count parameters may serve as predictors for malaria treatment. Methodology- A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Results- Of the 219 patients, 21.5% showed failure to antimalarial treatment, Patient with 21 and 40 years (72.6%), male (53.4%), from peri-urban area (47.5%), with high parasitemia (59.8%), treated with Arthemeter (90.9%) and the mortality were 5.9%. Significant associations were observed between occupation, level of parasitemia and outcome with resistance to antimalarial treatment (p<0.05). Patients with normal Hb [OR: 0.75 (95% CI: 0.39–1.44), p = 0.393], RBC [OR: 0.83 (95% CI: 0.40–1.72), p = 0.632], RDW [OR: 0.54 (95% CI: 0.27–1.09), p = 0.088], MCV [OR: 0.61 (95% CI: 0.28–1.31), p = 0.204] were less likely to have malaria treatment failures after artemisinin-based therapy failure. In contrast, those with normal values of segmented neutrophils [OR: 0.32 (95% CI: 0.11–0.96), p = 0.042] and lymphocyte counts [OR: 0.24 (95% CI: 0.05–1.04), p = 0.055]. We also found that patients with significant low levels of Hct [OR: 0.31 (95% CI: 0.15–0.64) p = 0.002], and high leukocytes [OR: 8.88 (95% CI: 2.02–37.2), p = 0.004] and normal platelet values [OR: 1.42 (95% CI: 0.73–2.95), p = 0.280] demonstrated high probability of treatment failure. Conclusion- The importance of blood cell count parameters in monitoring malaria therapy necessitates the urgent need to re-evaluate Artemether-based therapy. Future studies involving more participants in different settings are needed to provide further evidence

Genetic diversity of carotenoid-rich bananas evaluated by Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the carotenoid content and genetic variability of banana accessions from the Musa germplasm collection held at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits, Brazil. Forty-two samples were analyzed, including 21 diploids, 19 triploids and two tetraploids. The carotenoid content was analyzed spectrophotometrically and genetic variability was estimated using 653 DArT markers. The average carotenoid content was 4.73 μg.g -1 , and ranged from 1.06 μg.g -1 for the triploid Nanica (Cavendish group) to 19.24 μg.g -1 for the triploid Saney. The diploids Modok Gier and NBA-14 and the triploid Saney had a carotenoid content that was, respectively, 7-fold, 6-fold and 9-fold greater than that of cultivars from the Cavendish group (2.19 μg.g -1). The mean similarity among the 42 accessions was 0.63 (range: 0.24 to 1.00). DArT analysis revealed extensive genetic variability in accessions from the Embrapa Musa germplasm bank

O empoderamento e a subversão: a cultura corporal e autoafirmação das(os) estudantes negras(os) na escola

Neste trabalho, busca-se refletir de que modo o desenvolvimento das aulas de Educação Física pode dialogar com a Lei 10693/03. Para tanto, o relato exposto apresenta como os estudantes se comportaram ao se apropriarem dos conhecimentos desenvolvidos nas aulas de Educação Física. O trabalho aborda elementos de uma prática pedagógica desenvolvido no âmbito de uma escola pública, a prática pedagógica foi desenvolvida com base em uma perspectiva crítica de ensino. Portanto, o objetivo é notificar a prática pedagógica que teve como conteúdos os elementos da cultura corporal de matriz africana. Por meio desse estudo, foi possível confirmar que a Educação Física, deve propor suas ações com base na Lei 10.693/03, pois a sua especificidade se relaciona de forma direta com a função social da escola