Citrus rootstocks modify scion antioxidant system under drought and heat stress combination

Climate change is altering weather conditions such as mean temperatures and precipitation patterns. Rising temperatures, especially in certain regions, accelerates soil water depletion and increases drought risk, which affects agriculture yield. Previously, our research demonstrated that the citrus rootstock Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata) is more tolerant than Cleopatra mandarin (C. reshni) to drought and heat stress combination, in part, due to a higher activation of the antioxidant system that alleviated damage produced by oxidative stress. Here, by using reciprocal grafts of both genotypes, we studied the importance of the rootstock on scion performance and antioxidant response under this stress combination. Carrizo rootstock, under stress combination, positively influenced Cleopatra scion by reducing H2O2 accumulation, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymatic activities and inducing SOD1, APX2 and catalase (CAT) protein accumulations. On the contrary, Cleopatra rootstock induced decreases in APX2 expression, CAT activity and SOD1, APX2 and CAT contents on Carrizo scion. Taken together, our findings indicate that the activation of the antioxidant system under stress combination is a transmissible trait from the rootstock to the scion and highlight the importance of the rootstock selection to improve crop performance and maintain citrus yield under the current scenario of climate change.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume

Omics analyses in citrus reveal a possible role of RNA translation pathways and Unfolded Protein Response regulators in the tolerance to combined drought, high irradiance, and heat stress

Environmental changes derived from global warming and human activities increase the intensity and frequency of stressful conditions for plants. Multiple abiotic factors acting simultaneously enhance stress pressure and drastically reduce plant growth, yield, and survival. Stress combination causes a specific stress situation that induces a particular plant response different to the sum of responses to the individual stresses. Here, by comparing transcriptomic and proteomic profiles to different abiotic stress combinations in two citrus genotypes, Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata) and Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni), with contrasting tolerance to different abiotic stresses, we revealed key responses to the triple combination of heat stress, high irradiance and drought. The specific transcriptomic response to this stress combination in Carrizo was directed to regulate RNA metabolic pathways and translation processes, potentially conferring an advantage with respect to Cleopatra. In addition, we found endoplasmic reticulum stress response as common to all individual and combined stress conditions in both genotypes and identified the accumulation of specific groups of heat shock proteins (HSPs), such as small HSPs and HSP70s, and regulators of the unfolded protein response, BiP2 and PDIL2-2, as possible factors involved in citrus tolerance to triple stress combination. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the acclimation process of citrus plants to multiple stress combination, necessary for increasing crop tolerance to the changing climatic conditions

Reduction of heat stress pressure and activation of photosystem II repairing system are crucial for citrus tolerance to multiple abiotic stress combination

Drought, heat and high irradiance are abiotic stresses that negatively affect plant development and reduce crop productivity. The confluence of these three factors is common in nature, causing extreme situations for plants that compromise their viability. Drought and heat stresses increase the saturation of the photosystem reaction centers, increasing sensitivity to high irradiance. In addition, these stress conditions affect photosystem II (PSII) integrity, alter redox balance of the electron transport chain and decrease the photosynthetic rate. Here, we studied the effect of the stress combinations on the photosynthetic apparatus of two citrus genotypes, Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata) and Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni). Results obtained showed that physiological responses, such as modulation of stomatal aperture and transpiration rate, aimed to reduce leaf temperature, are key to diminishing heat impact on photosynthetic apparatus and increasing tolerance to double and triple combinations of drought, high irradiance and high temperatures. By using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, we have demonstrated that under these abiotic stress combinations, Carrizo plants were able to increase expression of genes and proteins related to the photosystem repairing machinery (which better maintained the integrity of PSII) and other components of the photosynthetic apparatus. Our findings reveal crucial physiological and genetic responses in citrus to increase tolerance to the combination of multiple abiotic stresses that could be the basis for breeding programs that ensure a sustainable citrus production.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume

PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF NURSES IN THE MENTAL HEALTH FIELD: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Objective: to analyze the production of knowledge in the scientific literature on the constitution of professional identity in nurses working in the field of mental health.Method: integrative literature review through the Virtual Health Library portal in four databases: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed and BDENF. The eligibility criteria were full original articles published from 2017-2022 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish.Results: the sample was composed of 18 studies grouped into two thematic categories. The results are about the (in)definitions of the work process of nurses working in the mental health field, and about the fragmentation of care and its implications for the constitution of this professional identity.Conclusion: nurses play diversified roles in their daily work, which contributes to an insufficient understanding of their scope of attributions and directly impacts the perception of their professional identity

Nurses in the front line of the combat to Covid-19 in the hospital environment: related experience

Objective: to report nurses experiences at reference hospital in the care of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Method: descriptive study, of the experience report type, about nurses\u27 experience in assisting patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the hospital environment. Results: The nurses\u27 experiences were structured into three categories: Structural and organizational changes in the hospital service; Nurse\u27s work routine on the front line in the respiratory area; Main difficulties for nurses in caring for patients in the respiratory area and experienced opportunities. The positive aspects identified were participation in training and support for newly hired professionals. Conclusion: the COVID-19 pandemic changed economic, political, social and health care behavior. In addition, changes in the hospital environment demanded a reorientation of workflows, impacting nurses\u27 mental health and suffering

NURSING CONSULTATION TEACHING IN NURSES' TRAINING: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY

Objective: to identify the Brazilian scientific production about Nursing consultation teaching in nurses' training.Method: a descriptive study of a bibliometric nature conducted in the portal of Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and in PubMed from April to May 2021, with the following inclusion criteria: full articles, in Portuguese or English, published from 2009 to 2020.Results: a total of 13 studies were identified, of which four were published in a B2 journal from the Northeast region, although with predominance of papers from the South region (38.46%), with the experience report type standing out. The most frequently observed themes were related to the teaching methodologies, especially the active ones with use of technological tools. “Nursing consultation” was not found to be one of the most frequent keywords.Conclusion: by verifying the incipience of the production on the theme, this study provides subsidies for expanding this knowledge area, reverberating in improvements in Nursing consultation teaching and in nurses' training

FORMACIÓN DOCENTE PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA EDUCACIÓN INTERPROFESIONAL

Objective: To report the authors’ experiences regarding the training of faculty members for Interprofessional Education teaching.Development: Experience report using direct observation of the activities of professors from two public universities in the state of Bahia, between 2014 and 2019. The data were recorded in a field diary, organized by thematic approach and analyzed in its parts and in the relationships between the training of faculty members and the teaching of Interprofessional Education. Three dimensions were identified: concerns and reflections in practical activities; movement towards the teaching of Interprofessional Education; and movement in postgraduate health education.Conclusion: The experiences in the training of faculty members contributed to teaching, regarding Interprofessional Education, by raising reflections on the movements for training faculty members for interprofessional education and findings on the possibilities of the training of professors. We expect that these initiatives are implemented on a permanent basis and in different teaching spaces.Objetivo: relatar experiencias de las autoras en lo que se refiere a la formación docente para la enseñanza de la Educación Interprofesional. Desarrollo: relato de experiencia a partir de la observación directa de las actividades de docentes de dos universidades públicas del estado de Bahía, entre 2014 y 2019. Los datos se registraron en un diario de campo, se organizaron por enfoque temático y se analizaron en sus partes y en las relaciones entre la formación docente y la enseñanza de la Educación Interprofesional. Se identificaron tres dimensiones: preocupaciones y reflexiones en los ámbitos prácticos; movimiento para abordar la enseñanza de la Educación Interprofesional; y movimiento en la formación de postgrado. Conclusión: las experiencias vividas en la formación docente han contribuido a la enseñanza, con vistas a la Educación Interprofesional, haciendo suscitar reflexiones sobre los movimientos formativos del docente hacia la interprofesionalidad y hallazgos sobre las posibilidades formativas del docente. Se espera que estas experiencias tengan continuidad y se apliquen en los diferentes espacios de enseñanza.Objetivo: relatar experiências das autoras em relação à formação docente para o ensino da Educação Interprofissional.Desenvolvimento: relato de experiência a partir da observação direta das atividades de docentes de duas universidades públicas do estado da Bahia, entre 2014 e 2019. Os dados foram registrados em diário de campo, organizados por aproximação temática e analisados em suas partes e nas relações entre a formação docente e o ensino da Educação Interprofissional. Identificou-se três dimensões: inquietações e reflexões nos campos práticos; movimento de aproximação ao ensino da Educação Interprofissional; e movimento na pós-graduação.Conclusão: as experiências vividas na formação docente contribuíram para o ensino, tendo em vista a Educação Interprofissional, por suscitarem reflexões sobre os movimentos formativos do docente em direção à interprofissionalidade e constatações acerca das possibilidades formativas do docente. Espera-se que tais experiências sejam continuadas e aplicadas nos diferentes espaços de ensino.

IDENTIDAD PROFESIONAL DE LAS ENFERMERAS EN EL ÁMBITO DE LA SALUD MENTAL: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRADORA

Objetivo: analizar la producción de conocimiento en la literatura científica sobre la constitución de la identidad profesional en enfermeros que trabajan en el campo de la salud mental.Método: revisión integradora de la literatura a través del portal Biblioteca Virtual en Salud en cuatro bases de datos: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed y BDENF. Se eligieron como criterios de elegibilidad los artículos originales completos publicados en el período 2017-2022, en inglés, portugués o español.Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 18 estudios agrupados en dos categorías temáticas. Los resultados versan sobre las (in)definiciones del proceso de trabajo de las enfermeras que trabajan en el ámbito de la salud mental y sobre la fragmentación de los cuidados y sus implicaciones para la constitución de esta identidad profesional.Conclusión: las enfermeras desempeñan funciones diversificadas en su trabajo diario, lo que contribuye a una comprensión insuficiente de su ámbito de atribuciones y repercute directamente en la percepción de su identidad profesional

Evaluation Of The Mutagenicity And Antimutagenicity Of Ziziphus Joazeiro Mart. Bark In The Micronucleus Assay.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mutagenicity (clastogenicity/aneugenicity) of a glycolic extract of Ziziphus joazeiro bark (GEZJ) by the micronucleus assay in mice bone marrow. Antimutagenic activity was also assessed using treatments associated with GEZJ and doxorubicin (DXR). Mice were evaluated 24-48 h after exposure to positive (N-nitroso-N-ethylurea, NEU - 50 mg.kg(-1) and DXR - 5 mg.kg(-1)) and negative (150 mM NaCl) controls, as well as treatment with GEZJ (0.5-2 g.kg(-1)), GEZJ (2 g.kg(-1)) + NEU and GEZJ (2 g.kg(-1)) + DXR. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in mice treated with GEJZ and GEJZ + DXR compared to the negative controls, indicating that GEZJ was not mutagenic. Analysis of the polychromatic:normochromatic erythrocyte ratio revealed significant differences in the responses to doses of 0.5 g.kg(-1) and 1-2 g.kg(-1) and the positive control (NEU). These results indicated no systemic toxicity and moderate toxicity at lower and higher doses of GEZJ. The lack of mutagenicity and systemic toxicity in the antimutagenic assays, especially for treatment with GEZJ + DXR, suggested that phytochemical compounds in Z. joazeiro bark attenuated DXR-induced mutagenicity and the moderate systemic toxicity of a high dose of Z. joazeiro bark (2 g.kg(-1)). Further studies on the genotoxicity of Z. joazeiro extracts are necessary to establish the possible health risk in humans and to determine the potential as a chemopreventive agent for therapeutic use.37428-3

ANÁLISE DA FLEXIBILIDADE DE ACADÊMICOS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA

A flexibilidade é uma das capacidades física relacionadas a aptidão física relacionada a saúde, visto que auxilia na manutenção de níveis seguros e prevenção de algumas patologias musculares e posturais