New vector bosons and the diphoton excess

We consider the possibility that the recently observed diphoton excess at $\sim 750$ GeV can be explained by the decay of a scalar particle ($\varphi$) to photons. If the scalar is the remnant of a symmetry-breaking sector of some new gauge symmetry, its coupling to photons can be generated by loops of the charged massive vectors of the broken symmetry. If these new $W^\prime$ vector bosons carry color, they can also generate an effective coupling to gluons. In this case the diphoton excess could be entirely explained in a simplified model containing just $\varphi$ and $W^\prime$. On the other hand if $W^{\prime}$ does not carry color, we show that, provided additional colored particles exist to generate the required $\varphi$ to gluon coupling, the diphoton excess could be explained by the same $W^{\prime}$ commonly invoked to explain the diboson excess at $\sim 2$ TeV. We also explore possible connections between the diphoton and diboson excesses with the anomalous $t\bar{t}$ forward-backward asymmetry.Comment: Latex 8 pages, 1 figure. Extended discussion, new references. Matches published versio

Las mujeres en las ciudades y villas castellanas de la Baja Edad Media

En este trabajo se analiza la situación de las mujeres en las ciudades y villas castellanas de la Baja Edad Media. Planteamos que aunque relegadas por el sistema patriarcal al ámbito domestico y familiar, las mujeres van haciéndose presente en los espacios del ámbito público. El desarrollo de los núcleos urbanos demandará más mano de obra, lo que favorece la incorporación femenina. Esto se materializa en el ejercicio de oficios artesanos y de profesiones como el comercio y la medicina, en muchas ocasiones como prolongación de las tareas domésticas.In this study is analyzed the situation of women in cities and Castilian towns of the Middle Age. We propose, women are becoming present in the spaces of public life even though they are consigned by the patriarchal system to the domestic and family sphere. The development of towns require more labor, which favors the incorporation of women. This is materialized in the exercise of artisan trades and business and professions such as medicine, often as an extension of the housework.Departamento de Historia Antigua y MedievalGrado en Histori

Reduced order modeling of three dimensional external aerodynamic flows

A method is presented to construct computationally efficient reduced-order models (ROMs) of three-dimensional aerodynamic flows around commercial aircraft components. The method is based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of a set of steady snapshots, which are calculated using an industrial solver based on some Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The POD-mode amplitudes are calculated by minimizing a residual defined from the Euler equations, even though the snapshots themselves are calculated from viscous equations. This makes the ROM independent of the peculiarities of the solver used to calculate the snapshots. Also, both the POD modes and the residual are calculated using points in the computational mesh that are concentrated in a close vicinity of the aircraft, which constitute a much smaller number than the total number of mesh points. Despite these simplifications, the method provides quite good approximations of the flow variables distributions in the whole computational domain, including the boundary layer attached to the aircraft surface and the wake. Thus, the method is both robust and computationally efficient, which is checked considering the aerodynamic flow around a horizontal tail plane, in the transonic range 0.4?Mach number?0.8, ?3°?angle of attack?3°

Embryogenesis in Oak species. A Review.

Embryogenesis in Oak species. A Review

Socio-demographic and nutritional characteristics of Brazilian children under 2 years of age who were beneficiaries of conditional cash transfer programs in 2006

The conditional cash transfer programs (PTCR) seek to combat poverty and hunger and to ensure food security. Children under the age of two of beneficiary families are more vulnerable to environmental conditions. This study seeks to describe this population according to socio-economic, demographic and nutritional variables. Secondary data from the National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children (PNDS-2006) were used. Data were described using mean and standard deviations. Associations were described using the chi-square test with confidence intervals of 95%. Of the 1735 children, 29.4% were PCTR beneficiaries with average family income of R$430.20 and average benefits of R$75. Among those living in the Northeast or in the rural area of the country, one in every three received benefits. Among those experiencing severe food insecurity, 52.3% were PTCR beneficiaries. Children from socio-economic classes D and E and whose mothers had less than four years education were associated with PTCR. Among the nutritional disorders of child beneficiaries, overweight for age prevailed. Of those who ceased exclusive breastfeeding in less than two months, 31.2% were beneficiaries. The need for preventive nutritional education was identified in order to optimize the use of benefits.Programas de transferência condicionada de renda (PTCR) visam o combate à pobreza e à fome e a garantia da segurança alimentar. Crianças menores de 2 anos de famílias beneficiárias são mais vulneráveis às condições ambientais. Este estudo objetiva caracterizar esta população segundo variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e nutricionais. Utilizaram-se dados secundários da Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Crian ça e da Mulher (PNDS-2006). Descreveram-se os dados em média e desvios-padrão. Para as associações utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado e intervalos de confiança de 95%. Das 1735 crianças 29,4% eram beneficiárias de PTCR com renda média familiar de R$430,20 e valor médio dos benefícios de R$75. Dentre as que residiam no Nordeste ou na região rural do país, uma em cada três recebiam PTCR. Entre as que viviam em insegurança alimentar grave, 52,3% pertenciam a PTCR. Classes econômicas D e E e baixa escolaridade materna associaram-se a PTCR. Entre os desvios nutricionais das crianças beneficiárias, prevaleceu o peso elevado para idade. Das que interromperam o aleitamento materno exclusivo antes dos dois meses, 31,2% eram de PTCR. Identifica-se a necessidade de educação nutricional preventiva a fim de otimizar a utilização do benefício.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP, Depto. de PediatriaSciEL

La identificación verosímil en el nivel de especulación desde una perspectiva de ética bursátil

The development of quantitative tools to guide decision-making in the capital markets are elements that can be innovated for the benefit of optimizing the investment, depending on the risk profile of the investor. In this context, the research problem was to propose a methodology to identify the degree or speculative level in investments in the Mexican capital market, represented by the Price and Quotation Index of the Mexican Stock Exchange during the period 2015 to 2021. The methodology used in this research was quantitative, documentary and descriptive, analyzing the historical performance during the period 2015 to 2021 of strategic multiples of market value in the companies listed in the Price Index of the Mexican Stock Exchange. The period 2015 to 2021 was analyzed, obtaining the information from the Reuters Eikon platform, quantitatively and graphically analyzing the behavior of the multiples of market value to book value, market value to income, and market value to cash flow, with the in order to propose an innovative methodology to identify the speculative degree in the share price of the companies analyzed, in order to encourage the development of this methodology in other capital markets.El desarrollo de herramientas cuantitativas para orientar la toma de decisiones en los mercados de capitales son elementos que se pueden innovar en beneficio de optimizar la inversión, en función al perfil de riesgo del inversionista. En este contexto el problema de investigación fue proponer una metodología para identificar el grado o nivel especulativo en las inversiones en el mercado de capitales mexicano, representado por el Índice de Precios y Cotizaciones de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores durante el periodo 2015 a 2021. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación fue cuantitativa, documental, y descriptiva, analizando el desempeño histórico durante el periodo 2015 a 2021 de estratégicos múltiplos de valor de mercado en las empresas listadas en el Índice de Precios de Cotizaciones de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores. Se analizó el periodo 2015 a 2021 obteniendo la información de la plataforma Reuters Eikon, analizando cuantitativamente y gráficamente el comportamiento de los múltiplos valor de mercado a valor en libros, valor de mercado a ingresos, y valor de mercado a flujo de caja, con el fin de proponer una metodología innovadora para identificar el grado especulativo en el precio de la acción de las empresas analizadas, con objeto de incentivar el desarrollo de esta metodología en otros mercados de capitales

Toward a computational NMR procedure for modeling dipeptide side-chain conformation

Theoretical relationships between the vicinal spin-spin coupling constants (SSCCs) and the χ1 torsion angles have been studied to predict the conformations of protein side chains. An efficient computational procedure is developed to obtain the conformation of dipeptides through theoretical and experimental SSCCs, Karplus equations, and quantum chemistry methods, and it is applied to three aliphatic hydrophobic residues (Val, Leu, and Ile). Three models are proposed: unimodal-static, trimodal-static-stepped, and trimodal-static-trigonal, where the most important factors are incorporated (coupled nuclei, nature and orientation of the substituents, and local geometric properties). Our results are validated by comparison with NMR and X-ray empirical data described in the literature, obtaining successful results on the 29 residues considered. Using out trimodal residue treatment, it is possible to detect and resolve residues with a simple conformation and those with two or three staggered conformers. In four residues, a deeper analysis explains that they do not have a unique conformation and that the population of each conformation plays an important rol

Drosophila Imaginal Discs as a Playground for Genetic Analysis: Concepts, Techniques and Expectations for Biomedical Research

Drosophila imaginal discs are epithelial tissues perfectly suited to use them as a playground to define the functional contribution of genes to epithelial development and organ morphogenesis. The more we know about the discs and the mechanisms directing their development, the best prepared we are to assign specific “functions” to individual genes based on phenotypic observations. Conversely, and thinking from the perspective of the gene, the more we know about its function, the best inferences we could make about the mechanisms underlying imaginal disc development. This reciprocal relationship, coupled to the arsenal of possible experimental approaches available in Drosophila genetics, genomics and cellular biology, makes these tissues excellent systems to address biological problems with biomedical relevance. In this review, an overview of three interconnected aspects related to the use of Drosophila imaginal discs as an experimental system to analyze gene function is given: (i) imaginal discs biology, with a focus in the genetic mechanisms involved in pattern formation; (ii) concepts and available experimental tools for the analyses of gene function and (iii) uses of Drosophila and the imaginal discs for addressing biomedical problems