Morcegos da Chapada do Araripe, nordeste do Brasil

Chapada do Araripe is a plateau located within the Caatinga biome in northeastern Brazil between the states of Ceará, Pernambuco and Piauí. Altimetry has great variation, giving a variety of vegetation and environmental dynamics distinct from other Caatinga areas. With the aim of increasing the meager information on biodiversity of the Caatinga, between 2010 and 2012 we conducted a survey of bats in five locations in the Chapada do Araripe, in counties of Barbalha and Jardim, Ceará, and Serrita in Pernambuco. Our survey recorded 25 species in six families resulting in the capture of 201 individuals. Sampling recorded three new records for Ceará State, Sturnira tildae, Pteronotus gymnonotus, Cynomops planirostris and Promops nasutus. A compilation of the literature revealed that in the Chapado do Araripe occur 49 bat species distributed in eight families, representing 64% of bat species in the Caatinga.A Chapada do Araripe é um planalto localizado dentro do domínio da Caatinga no nordeste brasileiro entre os Estados do Ceará, Pernambuco e Piauí. Possui uma grande variação altimétrica, o que confere uma variedade de fitofisionomias e uma dinâmica ambiental distinta das demais áreas de Caatinga. Com o objetivo de incrementar as parcas informações sobre a biodiversidade da Caatinga apresentamos aqui o resultado de um levantamento de espécies de morcegos, realizado entre 2010 e 2012, em cinco localidades da Chapada do Araripe, nos municípios de Barbalha e Jardim, no Ceará, e Serrita, em Pernambuco. Nosso levantamento registrou 25 espécies distribuídas em seis famílias, resultante da captura de 201 indivíduos. A amostragem registrou quatro novas ocorrências para o Estado do Ceará, Sturnira tildae, Pteronotus gymnonotus, Cynomops planirostris e Promops nasutus. Uma compilação da literatura revelou que na Chapada do Araripe ocorrem 49 espécies de morcegos distribuídas em oito famílias, o que representa 64% das espécies de morcegos da Caatinga

Taxocenose de morcegos em remanescentes de Floresta Atlântica em Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil

The process of habitat fragmentation has been intensified by human action, and therefore becomes increasingly more important to establish protected areas for conservation of native species, including with the participation of private entities. Wildlife surveys are essential to understanding the regional patterns of biological diversity, allowing a better characterization of the geographic distribution of specific taxa, supporting an adequate planning for nature conservation. We conducted an inventory of bats in a fragmented area of Atlantic Forest at Private Reserve of Natural Heritage Fazenda Lagoa, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. With 110 captures, we recorded 16 species of bats belonging to four families, with dominance of generalist frugivorous species. Seven of the 10 trophic guilds categorized for Neotropical bats were recorded at the study area. This study adds important information about a region that represents a gap in the knowledge of Brazilian chiropterofauna, subsidizing possible conservation plans in the future.Keywords: Chiroptera, conservation, private reserve, survey, trophic guild.O processo de fragmentação de habitat tem sido intensificado pela ação humana. Por isso torna-se cada vez mais importante o estabelecimento de áreas protegidas para conservação das espécies nativas, inclusive com a participação do setor privado. Levantamentos de fauna são essenciais para se compreender os padrões regionais de diversidade biológica, permitindo uma melhor caracterização da distribuição geográfica de táxons específicos, subsidiando planejamentos adequados para a conservação da natureza. Assim, realizamos um inventário de morcegos em área de Floresta Atlântica intensamente fragmentada na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Lagoa, sul de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Foram realizadas 110 capturas e registradas 16 espécies de morcegos distribuídas em quatro famílias, havendo acentuada dominância de espécies frugívoras generalistas. Sete das 10 guildas tróficas reconhecidas para morcegos neotropicais foram registradas na área de estudo. Este estudo adiciona importantes informações sobre uma região que representa uma lacuna no conhecimento da quiropterofauna brasileira, subsidiando possíveis planos de conservação no futuro.Palavras-chave: Chiroptera, conservação, levantamento, reserva privada, guilda trófica

Mamíferos em remanescentes florestais de um ecótono Mata Atlântica-Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil

Forest areas in southeastern Brazil were intensively fragmented by historical processes of land use, and even today this region is under severe anthropic pressure due to agricultural, mining, tourism, and high urban expansion. However, contemporaneous studies on its biodiversity, particularly those focusing on remaining fauna in higly fragmented landscapes are necessary. In the present study, we present a species list of mammals in forest remnants of an agricultural landscape from southeastern Brazil (RPPN Fazenda Lagoa), located in an ecotone of Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, with additional information on habitat use, vulnerability to roadkill and considerations for conservation purposes. We recorded 63 species of Chiroptera, Carnivora, Rodentia, Didelphimorphia, Primates, Cingulata, Pilosa, Cetartiodactyla and Lagomorpha. Approximately 15% of the species are under some risk of extinction, including the endemic buffy-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix aurita). We also recorded invasive species and domestic dogs and cats living in feral condition. Ten species were reported as roadkills in the roads that give access to the RPPN. We concluded that these remnants play an important role in the maintenance and conservation of the mammals, serving as one of the last refuges for wildlife in a severely deforested region. Keywords: conservation, diversity, forest fragments, Mammalia, richness, roadkill.As florestas do sul de Minas Gerais foram intensamente fragmentadas pelos processos históricosde uso do solo, e ainda hoje essa região está sob severa pressão antrópica devido àampliação agrícola, mineradora, turística e urbana. No entanto, estudos contemporâneos sobresua biodiversidade, particularmente sobre a biodiversidade remanescente em paisagensprofundamente fragmentadas são necessários. No presente estudo, apresentamos uma listade espécies de mamíferos em remanescentes florestais de uma paisagem agrícola do sudestedo Brasil (RPPN Fazenda Lagoa), localizada em ecótono de Mata Atlântica e Cerrado,com informações adicionais sobre uso de habitats, vulnerabilidade a atropelamentos e consideraçõespara a conservação. Registramos 63 espécies de Chiroptera, Carnivora, Rodentia,Didelphimorphia, Primates, Cingulata, Pilosa, Cetartiodactyla e Lagomorpha. Cerca de 15%das espécies estão em algum risco de extinção, incluindo o endêmico sagui-da-serra-escuro, Callithrix aurita. Também registramos espécies silvestres invasoras, cães e gatos domésticosvivendo em condição feral. Dez espécies foram registradas como vítimas de atropelamentonas estradas de acesso a RPPN. Nós concluímos que esses remanescentes possuem umimportante papel na manutenção e conservação da mastofauna, servindo como um dosúltimos refúgios para a vida silvestre de uma região severamente desmatada.Palavras-chave: conservação, diversidade, fragmentos florestais, Mammalia, riqueza,animais atropelados

Análise da prevalência de sobrepeso, obesidade e risco cardíaco nos escolares da rede municipal de ensino

To analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity and cardiac risk among schoolchildren in the municipal network, differentiating groups from rural and urban schools. Methods: The present study is characterized as descriptive, of a quantitative character, having a cross section. The current study used a random sample by listing the sample in a population of 3,547 students, the sample selected was 11.76% (482 students), of students aged between 7 and 12 years. The hypothesis raised is that there is no significant difference between schoolchildren in rural and urban areas. For the sample selection, Kazmier's statistical calculation was applied, respecting a margin of error of 0.05%. Results: Of the 482 students, 230 were males and 252 females. The prevalence of normal, overweight and obesity was 69%, 19% and 11%, respectively, in males, and 77%, 10% and 13%, respectively. urban area giving a total of 111 students divided into 52 males and 59 females. Conclusion: In the current study there was no significant difference in the variables that indicate a tendency to overweight and obesity. In the variable that indicates cardiac risk there was a difference in the male and female groups, with an emphasis on increase in school children in the rural area

Poisoning by parental pq: case report in a city of Amazonia/Brazil

This study aimed to present a case and propose the major labels nursing diagnoses in intensive care in victim parenteral Paraquat poisoning. We used the descriptive qualitative case study method with retrospective approach in medical records of a patient admitted to the intensive care unit. The data analyzed resulted in 35 nursing diagnoses, hepatorenal involvement on post intoxication day with PQ, and the third day manifestations severe respiratory clinics. Concludes that intoxication with PQ via parenteral cause 100% mortality

Emerging role of angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R)/Akt/NO pathway in vascular smooth muscle cell in the hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increased vascular relaxation and decreased vascular contraction and is associated with augmented levels of triiodothyronine (T3) that contribute to the diminished systemic vascular resistance found in this condition. T3 leads to augmented NO production via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which in turn causes vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) relaxation; however, the underlying mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Evidence from human and animal studies demonstrates that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in vascular function and also mediates some of cardiovascular effects found during hyperthyroidism. Thus, in this study, we hypothesized that type 2 angiotensin II receptor (AT2R), a key component of RAS vasodilatory actions, mediates T3 induced-decreased vascular contraction. Marked induction of AT2R expression was observed in aortas from T3-induced hyperthyroid rats (Hyper). These vessels showed decreased protein levels of the contractile apparatus: α-actin, calponin and phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC). Vascular reactivity studies showed that denuded aortic rings from Hyper rats exhibited decreased maximal contractile response to angiotensin II (AngII), which was attenuated in aortic rings pre-incubated with an AT2R blocker. Further study showed that cultured VSMC stimulated with T3 (0.1 µmol/L) for 24 hours had increased AT2R gene and protein expression. Augmented NO levels and decreased p-MLC levels were found in VSMC stimulated with T3, both of which were reversed by a PI3K/Akt inhibitor and AT2R blocker. These findings indicate for the first time that the AT2R/Akt/NO pathway contributes to decreased contractile responses in rat aorta, promoted by T3, and this mechanism is independent from the endothelium.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Sao Paulo; grants 06/61523-7 and 06/54064-6)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Sao Paul

Taxa de sobrevivência após intoxicação por paraquat: impacto das variáveis clínicas emergenciais e laboratoriais

Objective: to analyze the association of survival to emergency care measures, clinical symptoms and biochemical markers used for paraquat intoxicated patients. Methods: retrospective cohort, guided by the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology tool. The data collection and analysis protocol were based on two phases: first, with the survey of the investigation forms of exogenous poisoning from the Secretariat of Epidemiological Surveillance; second, with the analysis of information in printed medical records. Results: of the 36 (100%) patients investigated, 19 (53.0%) survived; regarding the clinical manifestations, there was statistical significance for the respiratory system (p=0.003); regarding the biochemical variables, there was statistical significance for liver enzymes. The initial emergency measures 13(56.5%) of survivors received gastric lavage with activated charcoal. Conclusion: we observed a lack of efficacy of the impacts of emergency care measures and medications in increasing patient survival.Objetivo: analisar a associação da sobrevida às medidas de atendimento de emergência, sintomas clínicos e marcadores bioquímicos usados ​​para pacientes intoxicados por paraquat. Métodos: coorte retrospectiva, norteada pela ferramenta Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. O protocolo de coleta e análise de dados foi baseado em duas fases: primeira, com o levantamento das fichas de investigação de intoxicações exógenas da Secretaria de Vigilância Epidemiológica; segunda, com a análise das informações nos prontuários médicos impressos. Resultados: dos 36(100%) pacientes investigados, 19(53,0%) sobreviveram; no tocante às manifestações clínicas, houve significância estatística para o sistema respiratório (p=0,003); no que tange às variáveis bioquímicas, houve significância estatística para as enzimas hepáticas. As medidas de emergências inicias 13(56,5%) dos sobreviventes receberam lavagem gástrica com carvão ativado. Conclusão: observou-se falta de eficácia dos impactos das medidas de atendimento de emergência e dos medicamentos em aumentar a sobrevida dos pacientes

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients and the main nursing diagnoses

AIMS: to present a reflection on the clinic of patients infected by COVID-19 and to propose the main nursing diagnoses based on International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP©). METHOD: this is a reflection study, in which the selection criteria used were articles indexed in the MEDLINE, LILACS and BDENF databases published between December 2019 and April 2020, in English and Portuguese. RESULTS: 10 scientific articles were part of the study, which made it possible to know the symptomatologic profile of the disease, with emphasis on the classic triad of COVID-19, which is cough, shortness of breath and fever. It revealed that the basic human need most affected in this patient profile is oxygenation in view of hypoxemia being the main complication, for which the clinical outcome was negative, especially in elderly patients. CONCLUSION: there was a shortage and studies related to nursing in the face of this pandemic, but it was possible to conclude that ICNP© is one of the taxonomies that can be used to implement nursing diagnoses and intervention, the most frequent nursing diagnoses are related to the basic human and social need for oxygenation and vascular regulation.OBJETIVO: apresentar uma reflexão sobre a clínica dos pacientes contaminados pela COVID-19 e propor os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem baseados na Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®). MÉTODO: trata-se de um estudo de reflexão, na qual utilizaram-se como critérios de seleção, artigos indexados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e BDENF publicados entre dezembro de 2019 a abril de 2020, no idioma inglês e português. RESULTADOS: fizeram parte do estudo 10 artigos científicos o que possibilitou conhecer o perfil sintomatológico da doença, com destaque para a tríade clássica da COVID-19 que é tosse, falta de ar e febre. Revelou que a necessidade humana básica mais afetada nesse perfil de paciente é a oxigenação tendo em vista hipoxemia ser a principal complicação, para as quais o desfecho clínico foi negativo, principalmente, em pacientes idosos. CONCLUSÃO: evidenciou-se a carência e estudos relativos à enfermagem frente a essa pandemia, porém foi possível concluir que a CIPE® é uma das taxonomias que pode ser utilizada para implementar os diagnósticos e intervenção de enfermagem, os diagnósticos de enfermagem mais frequentes estão relacionados a necessidade humana básica de oxigenação e regulação vascular