VARIAÇÕES DOS TOTAIS DE CHUVAS E TEMPERATURA DO AR NA BACIA DO RIO PANDEIROS, NORTE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS-BRASIL: ARTICULAÇÃO COM FATORES DE DIFERENTES NÍVEIS ESCALARES EM ÁREA DE TRANSIÇÃO CLIMÁTICA DE CERRADO PARA SEMIÁRIDO

As variações dos elementos do clima constituem-se em importante aspecto a ser compreendido e considerado no diagnóstico ambiental e planejamento das atividades humanas. Em vista disso, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados das análises das variações de chuva e temperatura do ar, considerando a influência de diversos fatores (massas de ar, topografia, uso do solo etc.) no interior e áreas limítrofes à bacia do rio Pandeiros, norte do estado de Minas Gerais-Brasil, resultado de projeto de pesquisa (FAPEMIG APQ-03773-14 Sustentabilidade da Bacia do Rio Pandeiros: Dinâmica de Vertentes da Bacia do rio Pandeiros). Situada em área de transição climática, as médias anuais de temperatura e chuva indicam, respectivamente, 24,4°C e 826,5 mm, com fortes desvios negativos (Estação Meteorológica INMET Januária-MG, -15°26’52”; -44°21’58”; 468 m). O relevo caracteriza-se por formas planas e convexas sobre amplos interflúvios com baixo grau de entalhamento dos vales e altitudes médias entre 400-800 m. O uso do solo inclui áreas de pastagens, lavoura, silvicultura, biótopos naturais (cerrado e mata ciliar) e limitado equipamento urbano. Foram utilizadas séries temporais históricas de dados de temperatura e chuva (anual e mensal) obtidas de estações meteorológicas do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) para o segmento temporal entre 1961-2017 e dados obtidos em campo (2016-2018). A análise utilizou técnicas estatísticas básicas (médias, máximos e mínimos, agrupamento, tendências e desvio-padrão), climatologia sinótica, “análise rítmica” e microclimatológica e os resultados mostraram variações e desvios nos totais de chuva e temperatura e relação com modificações introduzidas na cobertura vegetal primitiva e uso do solo

AGROECOLOGIA E MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E A RESISTÊNCIA AO AGRONEGOCIO

Apresenta-se nesse artigo em tela uma discussão a respeito dos resultados evidenciados na pesquisa de Mestrado no Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensu em Geografia da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (PPGEO/UEG). O objetivo principal do estudo foi desenvolver um entendimento da Agroecologia pela ótica da Geopolítica dos Conflitos, assim, foi possível apresentar o papel da Agroecologia e dos Movimentos Sociais na resistência ao agronegócio em Goiás nos últimos anos. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi um levantamento e análise bibliográfica e, por último, um trabalho de campo no Coletivo Colmeia, no assentamento Canudos em Palmeiras de Goiás/GO. Destarte, fica evidenciado a função central que os movimentos sociais possuem em Goiás para a resistência ao agronegócio e todos os seus sinônimos e, a Agroecologia se apresenta como o único projeto viável de resistência no campo que luta pela vida, pela terra, para produzir alimentos saudáveis e outros

Genomic selection in rubber tree breeding: A comparison of models and methods for managing G×E interactions

Several genomic prediction models combining genotype × environment (G×E) interactions have recently been developed and used for genomic selection (GS) in plant breeding programs. G×E interactions reduce selection accuracy and limit genetic gains in plant breeding. Two data sets were used to compare the prediction abilities of multienvironment G×E genomic models and two kernel methods. Specifically, a linear kernel, or GB (genomic best linear unbiased predictor [GBLUP]), and a nonlinear kernel, or Gaussian kernel (GK), were used to compare the prediction accuracies (PAs) of four genomic prediction models: 1) a single-environment, main genotypic effect model (SM); 2) a multienvironment, main genotypic effect model (MM); 3) a multienvironment, single-variance G×E deviation model (MDs); and 4) a multienvironment, environment-specific variance G×E deviation model (MDe). We evaluated the utility of genomic selection (GS) for 435 individual rubber trees at two sites and genotyped the individuals via genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Prediction models were used to estimate stem circumference (SC) during the first 4 years of tree development in conjunction with a broad-sense heritability (H2) of 0.60. Applying the model (SM, MM, MDs, and MDe) and kernel method (GB and GK) combinations to the rubber tree data revealed that the multienvironment models were superior to the single-environment genomic models, regardless of the kernel (GB or GK) used, suggesting that introducing interactions between markers and environmental conditions increases the proportion of variance explained by the model and, more importantly, the PA. Compared with the classic breeding method (CBM), methods in which GS is incorporated resulted in a 5-fold increase in response to selection for SC with multienvironment GS (MM, MDe, or MDs). Furthermore, GS resulted in a more balanced selection response for SC and contributed to a reduction in selection time when used in conjunction with traditional genetic breeding programs. Given the rapid advances in genotyping methods and their declining costs and given the overall costs of large-scale progeny testing and shortened breeding cycles, we expect GS to be implemented in rubber tree breeding programs

ANALYSIS OF THE SHOTS TO GOAL STRATEGIES OF FIRST DIVISION BRAZILIAN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER TEAMS

The purpose of this study was to analyze the shots to goal strategies during four soccer matches, through computational tracking. Software Dvideow was used to obtain data about players’ position and their technical actions and data treatment was performed in Matlab® environment. The results showed that the teams usually win the ball possession in their defensive soccer field and ball possessions that resulted in shot to goal can involve few or great number of passes depending on the game situation. Results do not corroborate with literature studies due to different methods of data treatment. Information about to these shots to goal strategies can help coaches to improve technical training, to find possible team mistakes and present it to players

Actividad antifúngica del aceite esencial de Eugenia caryophyllata sobre cepas de Candida tropicalis de aislados clínicos

La candidiasis es una infección fúngica oportunista causada por levaduras del género Candida. En Brasil, la especie C. tropicalis esta siendo aislada frecuentemente, es el segundo microorganismo más aislado después de C. albicans. La aparición de cepas resistentes a los antifúngicos convencionales ha aumentado la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas provenientes de productos naturales, especialmente los aceites esenciales. En este estudio se investigó la actividad de los aceites esenciales contra las cepas de C. tropicalis, utilizando el método de difusión en disco, la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) y la concentración fungicida mínima (CFM). En el método de difusión en disco, con los aceites esenciales de Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eugenia caryophyllata y Origanum vulgare se obtuvieron mayores valores de inhibición. La CIM y CFM del aceite esencial de Eugenia caryophyllata fueron 512 y 1024 μg/mL, mientras que los de la anfotericina B fueron idénticos, 2 μg/mL. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que el aceite esencial de E. caryophyllata tiene potente actividad antifúngica y puede ser objeto de nuevos estudios sobre esta actividad

What is the impact of interventions that prevent fetal mortality on the increase of preterm live births in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil?

BACKGROUND: There is a global growing trend of preterm births and a decline trend of fetal deaths. Is there an impact of the decline of fetal mortality on the increase of preterm live births in State of Sao Paulo, Brazil? METHODS: The time trends were evaluated by gestational age through exponential regression analysis. Data analyzed included the fetal mortality ratio, proportion of preterm live births, fertility rate of women 35 years and over, prenatal care, mother's education, multiple births and cesarean section deliveries. A survival analysis was carried out for 2000 and 2010. RESULTS: Preterm births showed the highest annual increase (3.2%) in the less than 28 weeks of gestation group and fetal mortality ratio decreased (7.4%) in the same gestational age group. There was an increase of cesarean section births and it was higher in the < 28 weeks group (6.1%). There was a decreased annual trend of mothers with inadequate prenatal care (6.1%) and low education (8.8%) and an increased trend in multiple births and fertility rates of women of 35 years and over. The variables were highly correlated to which other over time. In 2000, 8.2% of all pregnancies resulted in preterm births (0.9% in fetal deaths and 7.3% in live births). In 2010, the preterm birth increased to 9.4% (0.8% were preterm fetal deaths and 8.6% preterm live births). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that 45.2% could be the maximum contribution of successful interventions to prevent a fetal death on the increase in preterm live births. This increasing trend is also related to changes of the women reproductive profile with the change of the women reproductive profile and access to prenatal care

A RELAÇÃO ENTRE OS DISTÚRBIOS NEUROCOGNITIVOS E O DESENVOLVIMENTO MATERNO-FETAL DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO

Embryological development comprehends stages, of varying periods, in which the embryo will develop certain morphophysiological aspects until reaching the human form, later being called a fetus. In this sense, the maternal-fetal relationship is an important conditioner for the baby's cognitive development, given that losses during the third and fourth week of development result in several morphofunctional changes in the conceptus that subsequently manifest themselves in cognitive-behavioral disorders. The present study aimed to draw a plausible relationship between the emergence of neurocognitive disorders after the birth and the changes experienced during pregnancy that confirm this theory. In this way, the research sought to explore the pathophysiological aspects surrounding the maternal-fetal relationship during the period of embryonic formation, bringing together analytical aspects of these clinical conditions, as well as presenting the challenges experienced by neurodivergent individuals in the socio-educational context, especially regarding the teaching-learning spectrum. To do this, it was necessary to revisit specific concepts about teratogenicity and human neurodevelopment, with an integrative review considering qualitative and quantitative aspects being carried out in the following databases: Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Latindex, as well as the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), using the following descriptors “Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders”, “Neurocognitive Disorders” and “Fetal Development”, under a time range from 2014 to 2024. Given the research, the correlation between the use of teratogens, such as alcohol, tobacco and cannabinoids, in the development of brain injuries and congenital malformations that promote functional disorders of the brain, resulting, therefore, in difficulties in communication, expression, reasoning and social interaction. Finally, it is concluded that the increase in neurodiversity in the country is intrinsically linked to the appearance of disorders during prenatal care and that such neurocognitive disorders are still seen as an impasse in the teaching-learning process, whether methodological issues or due to the lack of training of professionals in the appropriate management of these presentations.&nbsp;El desarrollo embriológico comprende etapas, de distintos períodos, en las que el embrión irá desarrollando ciertos aspectos morfofisiológicos hasta alcanzar la forma humana, denominándose posteriormente feto. En este sentido, la relación materno-fetal es un condicionante importante para el desarrollo cognitivo del bebé, dado que las pérdidas durante la tercera y cuarta semana de desarrollo resultan en varios cambios morfofuncionales en el feto que posteriormente se manifiestan en trastornos cognitivo-conductuales. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer una relación plausible entre la aparición de trastornos neurocognitivos después del nacimiento del bebé y los cambios experimentados durante el embarazo que confirmen esta teoría. De esta manera, la investigación buscó explorar los aspectos fisiopatológicos que rodean la relación materno-fetal durante el período de formación embrionaria, reuniendo aspectos analíticos de estas condiciones clínicas, así como presentar los desafíos que viven los individuos neurodivergentes en el contexto socioeducativo. , especialmente en lo que respecta al espectro de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para lograrlo, fue necesario revisitar conceptos específicos sobre teratogenicidad y neurodesarrollo humano, realizando una revisión integradora con modelos cualitativos y cuantitativos en las siguientes bases de datos: el Portal de Revistas CAPES, Latindex, así como la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), utilizando los Descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS) “Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal”, “Trastornos Neurocognitivos” y “Desarrollo Fetal”, en un marco temporal de 2014 a 2024. Dada la investigación, se determinó la correlación entre el uso de teratógenos, el ejemplo del alcohol , tabaco y cannabinoides en el desarrollo de lesiones cerebrales y malformaciones congénitas que promueven trastornos funcionales del cerebro, culminando, por tanto, en dificultades en la comunicación, expresión, razonamiento e interacción social. Finalmente, se concluye que el aumento de la neurodiversidad en el país está intrínsecamente ligado a la aparición de trastornos durante la atención prenatal y que dichos trastornos neurocognitivos aún son vistos como un impasse en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, ya sea por cuestiones metodológicas o por la falta de de formación de profesionales en el adecuado manejo de estas presentaciones.O desenvolvimento embriológico compreende estágios, de períodos variados, em que o embrião irá desenvolver determinados aspectos morfofisiológicos até alcançar a forma humana, sendo denominado, posteriormente, de feto. Nesse sentido, a relação materno-fetal é um condicionador importante para o desenvolvimento cognitivo do bebê, haja vista que os prejuízos durante a terceira e a quarta semana do desenvolvimento repercutem em diversas alterações morfofuncionais no concepto que se manifestam subsequentemente em distúrbios cognitivos-comportamentais. O presente estudo objetivou traçar uma relação plausível entre o surgimento de distúrbios neurocognitivos, após o nascimento do bebê, e as alterações vivenciadas no decorrer da gestação que ratificam tal teoria. Desse modo, a pesquisa buscou explorar os aspectos fisiopatológicos que cercam a relação materno-fetal durante o período da formação embrionária, reunindo aspectos analíticos dessas condições clínicas, bem como apresentar os desafios vividos pelos indivíduos neurodivergentes no contexto socioeducacional, sobretudo, no que diz respeito ao espectro de ensino-aprendizado. Para isso foi necessário revisitar conceitos específicos sobre a teratogenicidade e o neurodesenvolvimento humano, sendo realizada uma revisão integrativa com moldes qualitativos e quantitativos nas seguintes bases de dados: o Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Latindex, bem como a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) “Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders”, “Neurocognitive Disorders” e “Fetal Development”, sob recorte temporal de 2014 a 2024. Dada a pesquisa, ficou notório a correlação entre o uso de teratógenos, a exemplo do álcool, do tabaco e de canabinóides no desenvolvimento de lesões encefálicas e de malformações congênitas que promovem distúrbios funcionais do cérebro, culminando, portanto, em dificuldades de comunicação, de expressão, de raciocínio e de interação social. Conclui-se, por fim, que o aumento da neurodiversidade, no país, está intrinsecamente ligada ao aparecimento de distúrbios durante o pré-natal e que tais transtornos neurocognitivos ainda são enxergados como um impasse no processo de ensino-aprendizado seja questões metodológicas, seja pela falta de capacitação dos profissionais no manejo adequado para com essas apresentações

Methodology for the management of discrete event simulation projects based on PMBOK ®: Action research in a high-tech company

© 2018 IEEE Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is a powerful tool for decision making. It has been widely used in different application fields. There are many works investigating the simulation modeling process, but little is found in the literature that considers how to manage a DES project. In this respect, this paper has the objective of proposing a specific methodology for the management of DES projects based on PMBOK. This was considered to be the methodology that most fits with the requirements of DES. In order to test the approach, PMBOK was applied in a real simulation project. The methodology was then evaluated by the simulation analysts who provided their feedback on the study

Preliminary results on organization on the court, physical and technical performance of Brazilian professional futsal players: comparison between friendly pre-season and official match

The main aim of this study was to verify possible differences between a friendly pre-season match (FM) and an official in-season match (OM) regarding physical, technical, and organizational performances of a professional Brazilian futsal team. Ten professional futsal athletes participated in this study. The matches were monitored with video cameras (30 Hz) and athlete trajectories obtained with automatic tracking. The values obtained for distance covered per minute, percentage of distance covered at moderate intensity, team coverage area, spread, passes, possessions, ball touches and successful passes per minute were greater for the OM than FM. On the contrary, percentage of distance covered, standing and walking was greater for the FM than OM. We concluded that physical, technical, and tactical performances are different between a FM and an OM in futsal and also these parameters mutually influenced each other distinctly. Future studies should verify whether pre-season tournaments reproduce similar demands to a regular season official match

Effects of childhood trauma on BDNF and TBARS during crack-cocaine withdrawal

Objective: To evaluate the association between childhood trauma (CT) and serum levels of brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) during crackcocaine withdrawal. Method: Thirty-three male crack-cocaine users were recruited at admission to a public addiction treatment unit. Serum BDNF and TBARS levels were evaluated at intake and discharge. Information about drug use was assessed by the Addiction Severity Index-6th Version (ASI-6); CT was reported throughout the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). CTQ scores were calculated based on a latent analysis model that divided the sample into low-, medium-, and high-level trauma groups. Results: There was a significant increase in BDNF levels from admission to discharge, which did not differ across CT subgroups. For TBARS levels, we found a significant time vs. trauma interaction (F2,28 = 6.357, p = 0.005,Zp 2 = 0.312). In participants with low trauma level, TBARS decreased, while in those with a high trauma level, TBARS increased during early withdrawal. Conclusion: TBARS levels showed opposite patterns of change in crack-cocaine withdrawal according to baseline CT. These results suggest that CT could be associated with more severe neurological impairment during withdrawal