Evolución temporal del conocimiento de la distribución de galápagos en la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón. Emys orbicularis, Mauremys leprosa y Trachemys scripta.

El trabajo expuesto a continuación versa sobre la evolución temporal, desde el año 1971 hasta el año 2017, del conocimiento de la distribución de las tres especies de galápagos presentes en la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón: Emys orbicularis (galápago europeo), Mauremys leprosa (galápago leproso) y Trachemys scripta (galápago de Florida). Las dos primeras especies nombradas son autóctonas del lugar, mientras que la tercera de ellas ha sido introducida en el medio natural.Esta evolución se ha plasmado en la elaboración de mapas de distribución, para los cuales se han tomado los datos cedidos por el Gobierno de Aragón, la Asociación Naturalista de Aragón (ANSAR) y la Asociación Herpetológica Española (AHE). Estos datos se unificaron en una tabla Excel asignando los valores 1 para citas (avistamientos de uno o dos ejemplares) y 2 para poblaciones (tres o más ejemplares), así como el valor 1 para ejemplares en cautividad, 2 para los encontrados en medio natural y 3 para los que se encontraban en un estado dudoso. A continuación se procedió a la elaboración de los mapas a los que dieron lugar los datos, incluyendo también mapas de distribución por tamaño de poblaciones, utilizando el programa ArcGIS. Asimismo, se llevó a cabo el análisis estadístico, mediante índices y figuras, del número acumulado de citas y poblaciones durante el periodo de tiempo citado. Para finalizar, se utilizó el programa MaxEnt a fin de seleccionar ciertas variables bioclimáticas y así poder realizar los correspondientes mapas de idoneidad de las especies. Los resultados expuestos en estos mapas y figuras muestran claramente un gran avance en el conocimiento de la distribución de estas especies de galápagos durante los últimos cuarenta años, incrementándose notablemente el número de citas y poblaciones representado, lo que se considera debido al creciente interés científico del estudio de poblaciones de especies amenazadas e invasoras, y a una mayor vocación por parte de la población por la protección y conocimiento de la naturaleza y de su flora y fauna.<br /

Defining a game-based learning proposal to work with teachers\u27 professional wellbeing. The Teaching to Be video game

This chapter investigates the intersection of professional wellbeing among teaching staff and the potential of educational video games as a tool for improvement as part of the European Project “Teaching to Be”. A novel design model is proposed, rooted in interactive digital storytelling principles. The model is applied in the development of Teaching to Be: A Path to Wellbeing, a video game crafted specifically to enhance the professional wellbeing of educators. The study critically assesses the model’s strengths and weaknesses, offering insights into its applicability in educational game design. By examining the impact of Teaching to Be: A Path to Wellbeing, this research contributes to the growing discourse on the role of interactive digital storytelling in fostering positive outcomes for teaching professionals. The nuanced evaluation provides a foundation for refining future iterations of the model and offers practical considerations for those venturing into the realm of educational game design for teacher wellbeing. (DIPF/Orig.

Uses of digital platforms in Higher Education from the perspectives of the educational research

La universidad constituye un sistema complejo, que resulta clave para el desarrollo del conocimiento científico y la formación de profesionales. La integración digital que se está implantando a nivel global también se está produciendo en las instituciones universitarias. Esta transformación digital se viene concretando en diferentes desarrollos, siendo el del uso de plataformas digitales uno de los más evidentes. La innovación digital de las universidades plantea el reto a sus responsables de reconvertir a estas organizaciones, caracterizadas por un modelo formativo basado en la presencialidad, por otro más flexible o mixto en el que coexisten la actividad presencial y en línea (a distancia). De hecho, cabe hablar de un cambio de paradigma en la concepción de la formación universitaria, que se reorienta hacia nuevos enfoques, buscando una enseñanza más sostenible. Este texto plantea una puesta al día sobre lo que la investigación educativa nos aporta sobre estos cambios en la docencia universitaria española. A partir de diferentes informes consultados, se aportan una serie de datos sobre la implantación de las plataformas digitales o virtuales en el sistema universitario español, confirmando su uso generalizado. También se analizan algunos aspectos sobre el impacto que estas tecnologías aportan a la docencia. Además, se hacen algunas consideraciones de carácter prospectivo, y en esta línea se identifican algunas tecnologías emergentes que comienzan a ser empleadas en entornos educativos tales como: Learning Analytics, Makerspaces, Active Learning o Adaptative Learning. En síntesis, se constata una transformación tecnológica orientada a favorecer un aprendizaje más escalable y sostenible.The University is currently a complex and a key system for the development of the scientific knowledge and the training of future professional workers. It is happening a global digital inclusion, specifically in the university context. This digital transformation is defined in different types of resources. The use of digital platforms is one of the clearest mainstreaming. The digital innovation at universities points out a challenge to their community. The challenge at the institutions consists of transforming the face-to-face training model into a flexible model, even a mixed model combining face-to-face with online training. In fact, it is necessary to talk about a change of paradigm when we conceptualise the university training towards new approaches in order to search for a sustainable teaching. This contribution aims to show the newest aspects from the educational research about the changes in the Spanish university teaching. From the different reviewed reports, it is added some data about the implementation of virtual or digital platforms into the Spanish university system. This review affirms the generalised use of this type of resource. There are other analysed aspects about the impact of this technological tool to the teaching. Some proposals are added to consider in future lines of research, such us the emerging technologies which start to be used in educational contexts. We talk about learning analytics, makerspaces, active learning or adaptative learning. In short, it is affirmed the technological transformation towards the improvement of a more scalable and sustainable system

Non-viral, Tumor-free Induction of Transient Cell Reprogramming in Mouse Skeletal Muscle to Enhance Tissue Regeneration

Overexpression of Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc (OKSM) transcription factors can de-differentiate adult cells in vivo. While sustained OKSM expression triggers tumorigenesis through uncontrolled proliferation of toti- and pluripotent cells, transient reprogramming induces pluripotency-like features and proliferation only temporarily, without teratomas. We sought to transiently reprogram cells within mouse skeletal muscle with a localized injection of plasmid DNA encoding OKSM (pOKSM),andwehypothesized that the generation of proliferative intermediates would enhance tissue regeneration after injury. Intramuscular pOKSM administration rapidly upregulated pluripotency (Nanog, Ecat1, and Rex1) and early myogenesis genes (Pax3) in the healthy gastrocnemius of various strains. Mononucleated cells expressing such markers appeared in clusters among myofibers, proliferated only transiently, and did not lead to dysplasia or tumorigenesis for at least 120 days. Nanog was also upregulated in the gastrocnemius when pOKSM was administered 7 days after surgically sectioning its medial head. Enhanced tissue regeneration after reprogramming was manifested by the accelerated appearance of centronucleated myofibers and reduced fibrosis. These results suggest that transient in vivo reprogramming could develop into a novel strategy toward the acceleration of tissue regeneration after injury, based on the induction of transiently proliferative, pluripotent-like cells in situ. Further research to achieve clinically meaningful functional regeneration is warranted

Análisis de herramientas TICs de contenido científico para la docencia en Ciencias Experimentales

Las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (NTICs) se han ido incorporando a las enseñanzas universitarias como un componente metodológico atractivo, tanto para los docentes como para el alumnado. En este sentido, en los últimos años han aparecido multitud de herramientas que permiten tanto la enseñanza como la presentación de contenidos científicos al amparo de estas NTICs. Algunos ejemplos de la multitud de oportunidades que la red ofrece hoy en día a los docentes son, cursos en abierto de prestigiosas universidades (MIT, Caltech, Cambridge…), webinars llevados a cabo por investigadores altamente especializados en muy diversas áreas, apps científicas, conferencias TED, etc. En el trabajo de investigación que aquí se presenta se han seleccionado, analizado y evaluado algunas de las citadas herramientas para la presentación/enseñanza de contenidos científicos en el ámbito de la docencia universitaria. Como objeto de estudio de la red de investigación en docencia universitaria que ha dado lugar a este trabajo se ha escogido el área de Ciencias Experimentales

Nuevas herramientas para promover la docencia interactiva en los estudiantes de ciencias mediante TICs

Las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (NTICs) se han ido incorporando a las enseñanzas universitarias como un componente metodológico atractivo, tanto para los docentes como para el alumnado. En este sentido, en los últimos años han aparecido multitud de herramientas que permiten tanto la enseñanza como la presentación de contenidos científicos al amparo de estas NTICs. Algunos ejemplos de la multitud de oportunidades que la red ofrece hoy en día a los docentes son, cursos en abierto de prestigiosas universidades (MIT, Caltech, Cambridge…), webinars llevados a cabo por investigadores altamente especializados en muy diversas áreas, apps científicas, conferencias TED, etc. En el trabajo de investigación que aquí se presenta se han seleccionado, analizado y evaluado algunas de las citadas herramientas para la presentación/enseñanza de contenidos científicos en el ámbito de la docencia universitaria. Como objeto de estudio de la red de investigación en docencia universitaria que ha dado lugar a este trabajo se ha escogido el área de Ciencias Experimentales

Computational Tools for Splicing Defect Prediction in Breast/Ovarian Cancer Genes: How Efficient Are They at Predicting RNA Alterations?

In silico tools for splicing defect prediction have a key role to assess the impact of variants of uncertain significance. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of a set of commonly used splicing in silico tools comparing the predictions against RNA in vitro results. This was done for natural splice sites of clinically relevant genes in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer (HBOC) and Lynch syndrome. A study divided into two stages was used to evaluate SSF-like, MaxEntScan, NNSplice, HSF, SPANR, and dbscSNV tools. A discovery dataset of 99 variants with unequivocal results of RNA in vitro studies, located in the 10 exonic and 20 intronic nucleotides adjacent to exon–intron boundaries of BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, ATM, BRIP1, CDH1, PALB2, PTEN, RAD51D, STK11, and TP53, was collected from four Spanish cancer genetic laboratories. The best stand-alone predictors or combinations were validated with a set of 346 variants in the same genes with clear splicing outcomes reported in the literature. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value (NPV) and Mathews Coefficient Correlation (MCC) scores were used to measure the performance. The discovery stage showed that HSF and SSF-like were the most accurate for variants at the donor and acceptor region, respectively. The further combination analysis revealed that HSF, HSF+SSF-like or HSF+SSF-like+MES achieved a high performance for predicting the disruption of donor sites, and SSF-like or a sequential combination of MES and SSF-like for predicting disruption of acceptor sites. The performance confirmation of these last results with the validation dataset, indicated that the highest sensitivity, accuracy, and NPV (99.44%, 99.44%, and 96.88, respectively) were attained with HSF+SSF-like or HSF+SSF-like+MES for donor sites and SSF-like (92.63%, 92.65%, and 84.44, respectively) for acceptor sites.We provide recommendations for combining algorithms to conduct in silico splicing analysis that achieved a high performance. The high NPV obtained allows to select the variants in which the study by in vitro RNA analysis is mandatory against those with a negligible probability of being spliceogenic. Our study also shows that the performance of each specific predictor varies depending on whether the natural splicing sites are donors or acceptors

Residual pulmonary infiltrates, symptoms and diffusion impairment at one‐year after severe COVID‐19 infection have different associated factors

Menendez R, Mendez R, Latorre A, Gonzalez-Jimenez P, Peces-Barba G, Molina M, et al. Residual pulmonary infiltrates, symptoms and diffusion impairment at 1-year after severe COVID-19 infection have different associated factors. J Intern Med. 2023;00:1-13. Introduction. After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia, patients may show lung sequelae on radiology and functional impairment at the 1-year followup. We aimed to describe the persistence of symptoms, radiological alterations, or reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at 1-year follow-up in patients from the Spanish Registry RECOVID. Methods. RECOVID collected symptom and radiological and functional lung tests data on hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 during the acute phase and at the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Results. Of the 2500 enrolled survivors (90% admitted to the ward), 1874 had follow-up visits for up to a year. Of these, 42% continued to present with symptoms, 27% had radiological sequelae and 31% had reduced DLCO. Independently associated factors included female sex, asthma and the requirement for invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Complete radiological resolution was 72.2% at 12 months; associated factors with incomplete recovery were age, male sex, oxygen or respiratory support, corticosteroids and an initial SpO(2)/FiO(2) = 2. Reduced D-LCO was observed in 31% of patients at 12 months; associated factors were older age, female sex, smoking habit, SpO(2)/FiO(2) = 2 and the requirement of respiratory support.At 12 months, a proportion of the asymptomatic patients showed reduced D-LCO (9.5%), radiological findings (25%) or both (11%). Conclusions. The factors associated with symptom persistence, incomplete radiological resolution and D-LCO <80% differed according to age, sex, comorbidities and respiratory support. The burden of symptoms, reduced D-LCO and incomplete radiological resolution were considerable in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the 1-year follow-up after hospitalisation

Whole Exome Sequencing Suggests Much of Non-BRCA1/BRCA2 Familial Breast Cancer Is Due to Moderate and Low Penetrance Susceptibility Alleles

The identification of the two most prevalent susceptibility genes in breast cancer, BRCA1 and BRCA2, was the beginning of a sustained effort to uncover new genes explaining the missing heritability in this disease. Today, additional high, moderate and low penetrance genes have been identified in breast cancer, such as P53, PTEN, STK11, PALB2 or ATM, globally accounting for around 35 percent of the familial cases. In the present study we used massively parallel sequencing to analyze 7 BRCA1/BRCA2 negative families, each having at least 6 affected women with breast cancer (between 6 and 10) diagnosed under the age of 60 across generations. After extensive filtering, Sanger sequencing validation and co-segregation studies, variants were prioritized through either control-population studies, including up to 750 healthy individuals, or case-control assays comprising approximately 5300 samples. As a result, a known moderate susceptibility indel variant (CHEK2 1100delC) and a catalogue of 11 rare variants presenting signs of association with breast cancer were identified. All the affected genes are involved in important cellular mechanisms like DNA repair, cell proliferation and survival or cell cycle regulation. This study highlights the need to investigate the role of rare variants in familial cancer development by means of novel high throughput analysis strategies optimized for genetically heterogeneous scenarios. Even considering the intrinsic limitations of exome resequencing studies, our findings support the hypothesis that the majority of non-BRCA1/BRCA2 breast cancer families might be explained by the action of moderate and/or low penetrance susceptibility alleles