Is Low Income Associated with Malocclusion in Primary Dentition Among Preschoolers?

Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with malocclusion in the primary dentition of preschool children in a city of Brazilian Northeast. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 566 five-years-old preschool children who were enrolled in public and private preschools in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire administrated to parents/caregivers and clinical oral examination of the children was performed. Foster and Hamilton Index for primary teeth was used for the diagnosis of malocclusions. Descriptive analysis was carried out and Poisson regression was used to assesses the association with independent variables. Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 51.2%. The most frequent types were Class II canines (17% and 16.8%), increased overjet (15.2%) and reduced overbite (14%). Anterior crossbite was present in 3.5% of the preschool children evaluated. There was an association between malocclusion and low family income (PR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.01-1.47). Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the primary dentition was high and associated with a low family income

Fisiologia e prática de enfermagem no cuidado de portadores de feridas

This study describes a training course concerning the nursing care of patients with wounds, delivered to nurses from a hospital located in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). The aim was to show the interrelation between knowledge of human physiology and the nursing care of patients with wounds, starting with the guiding question: How can we emphasize the importance of this knowledge in the practice of nursing care? The gap between the teaching of physiology and care practice justifies the need for strategies in the academic sphere and permanent education that seek to contextualize human physiology in nursing practice. The experience obtained in this course could stimulate new initiatives in relation to the role of physiology in nursing care, not only in the case of patients with wounds, but in all areas of nursing knowledge.Este estudio es un relato de experiencia de un curso de actualización sobre los cuidados de enfermería a personas con heridas, dedicado a los enfermeros que trabajan en un hospital en el interior de Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Tiene como objetivo presentar la interfaz entre el conocimiento de la fisiología humana y el enfoque de enfermería de atención a pacientes con heridas, a partir de la siguiente pregunta: ¿cómo podemos restaurar la importancia de este conocimiento en la práctica de los cuidados de enfermería? Existe un distanciamiento entre la enseñanza de la fisiología y la práctica de la atención, lo que justifica la necesidad de estrategias en materia de educación académica y permanente que busquen contextualizar la fisiología humana en la práctica de enfermería. Así, la experiencia de este curso puede impulsar nuevas iniciativas con respecto a la aplicabilidad de la fisiología en la atención de enfermería, no sólo al individuo que sufre de heridas, pero en todos los ámbitos del conocimiento en enfermería.Este estudo é um relato de experiência de um curso de aperfeiçoamento acerca dos cuidados de Enfermagem a indivíduos portadores de feridas, dedicado a Enfermeiros atuantes em uma instituição hospitalar do interior do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Tem como objetivo apresentar a interface entre os conhecimentos acerca da fisiologia humana e a abordagem do cuidado de Enfermagem a portadores de feridas, partindo da seguinte questão norteadora: de que forma podemos resgatar a importância desse conhecimento na prática de cuidados de Enfermagem? Há um distanciamento entre o ensino da fisiologia e a prática dos cuidados, o que justifica a necessidade de estratégias no âmbito acadêmico e na educação permanente que busquem contextualizar a fisiologia humana na prática de enfermagem. Assim, a experiência deste curso pode impulsionar novas iniciativas em relação à aplicabilidade da fisiologia nos cuidados de enfermagem, não só ao individuo portador de feridas, mas em todas as esferas de conhecimento da área

Fisiologia e prática de enfermagem no cuidado de portadores de feridas

Este estudo é um relato de experiência de um curso de aperfeiçoamento acerca dos cuidados de Enfermagem a indivíduos portadores de feridas, dedicado a Enfermeiros atuantes em uma instituição hospitalar do interior do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Tem como objetivo apresentar a interface entre os conhecimentos acerca da fisiologia humana e a abordagem do cuidado de Enfermagem a portadores de feridas, partindo da seguinte questão norteadora: de que forma podemos resgatar a importância desse conhecimento na prática de cuidados de Enfermagem? Há um distanciamento entre o ensino da fisiologia e a prática dos cuidados, o que justifica a necessidade de estratégias no âmbito acadêmico e na educação permanente que busquem contextualizar a fisiologia humana na prática de enfermagem. Assim, a experiência deste curso pode impulsionar novas iniciativas em relação à aplicabilidade da fisiologia nos cuidados de enfermagem, não só ao individuo portador de feridas, mas em todas as esferas de conhecimento da área

Amitraz: pharmacological and toxicological aspects in animals

Infestations by ectoparasites are one of the greatest problems in the veterinary practice, due to a large drop in performance in cattle herds and other farm animals, generating great economical losses; for pets, besides the low quality of life and disruption of homeostasis, ectoparasites represent a risk for transmission of zoonotic diseases. The formamidines emerge as a very large group of ectoparasiticides, which its main representative, amitraz, is the only one approved for animal use. Amitraz is indicated for animal use against mites, lice, and ticks for cattle, swine, and sheep. For dogs, it is used against ticks and mites. However, due to a lack of proper orientation and information, reports of accidental intoxications by amitraz, in both animals and humans, are not unusual in the literature. Amitraz intoxication has been reported in dogs, and the clinical signs are evidenced in the nervous, digestive, cardiovascular, and urinary systems and include sedation, bradycardia, bradyarrhythmias, hypotension, bradypnea, transitory hyperglycemia, mydryasis, and hypothermia, cats being more sensitive than dogs regarding these last signs. To detect amitraz and its main metabolites, there are many standardized methodologies. This review describes the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodinamics, indications, toxicological and pathological effects of amitraz, as well as the intoxication treatment and the aspects related to its detection in biological matrices

Sub-Femto- g Free Fall for Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observatories: LISA Pathfinder Results

We report the first results of the LISA Pathfinder in-flight experiment. The results demonstrate that two free-falling reference test masses, such as those needed for a space-based gravitational wave observatory like LISA, can be put in free fall with a relative acceleration noise with a square root of the power spectral density of 5.2±0.1  fm s−2/Hz, or (0.54±0.01)×10−15  g/Hz, with g the standard gravity, for frequencies between 0.7 and 20 mHz. This value is lower than the LISA Pathfinder requirement by more than a factor 5 and within a factor 1.25 of the requirement for the LISA mission, and is compatible with Brownian noise from viscous damping due to the residual gas surrounding the test masses. Above 60 mHz the acceleration noise is dominated by interferometer displacement readout noise at a level of (34.8±0.3)  fm/Hz, about 2 orders of magnitude better than requirements. At f≤0.5  mHz we observe a low-frequency tail that stays below 12  fm s−2/Hz down to 0.1 mHz. This performance would allow for a space-based gravitational wave observatory with a sensitivity close to what was originally foreseen for LISA.CNES 1316634/CNRS 103747UnivEarthS Labex program/ANR-10-LABX-0023UnivEarthS Labex program/ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02DLRFederal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy/FKZ 50OQ0501Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy/FKZ 50OQ1601Agenzia Spaziale ItalianaInstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareAYA2010-15709 (MICINN)ESP2013-47637-P (MINECO)ESP2015-67234-P (MINECO)Fundacion General CSICSwiss Space Office (SSO)Swiss National Science FoundationUnited Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA)University of GlasgowUniversity of BirminghamImperial CollegeScottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA)U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA

Plagiarism as another ethical issue in scientific research

The excessive demand for publications results in high plagiarism and duplicate numbers by scientists who take over existing texts into new publications. In addition to serious ethical problems, this practice hinders the generation of original material. In order to reduce the problem, softwares such as eTBLAST are being used to detect plagiarism and repeated papers. Despite the persistence of fraudsters, these tools have helped to reduce these problems; however, the ideal solution would be the basic ethical establishment principles. Therefore, plagiarism has always been a foible that could lead to fraudulent and dishonorable development of science