Facial Herpes Zoster – Case Report

This article describes a case of facial zoster which affected a sixteen-year-old male patient. His ulcerations involved the majority of the right hemiface not surpassing the facial midline. The observation of follow- up of the patient during and after treatment was accomplished and the case was followed up from the appearance of the lesions up the final healing process, where the patient had returned to his normal life condition. Herpes zoster infection seems to be an outcome of a weakened immunologic system and patients must be monitored in order to detect possible sequels or undetected non-diagnosed diseases.Objetivo: Este artigo descreve um caso de zoster facial o qual afetou um paciente do sexo masculino de dezesseis anos de idade. Suas ulcerações comprometiam a hemiface direita não ultrapassando a linha média facial. Materiais e métodos: Observação e acompanhamento do paciente durante e após o tratamento. Resultados: O caso foi acompanhado do aparecimento das lesões até o processo final de cicatrização, onde o paciente retornou à sua condição de vida normal. Conclusões: A infecção por herpes zoster parece ser o resultado de um sistema imunológico enfraquecido e os pacientes portadores devem ser monitorados a fim de detectar possíveis sequelas ou doenças oportunistas não diagnosticadas

Using the technique of mating disruption for Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) population management on grapevine

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da técnica de confusão sexual, com o feromônio sexual sintético composto (Z)‑11‑hexadecenal (Z11–16: Ald) a 1,8% e (Z)‑13‑octadecenal (Z13–18: Ald) a 1,8%, no controle da população de traça‑dos‑cachos, Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), em cultivares de videiras (Vitis vinifera) destinadas à produção de vinhos. Os experimentos foram realizados em duas localidades na região do Vale do São Francisco, em áreas comerciais de produção de uva para processamento, com as cultivares Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Tempranillo e Chenin Blanc. Os tratamentos avaliados foram os seguintes: confusão sexual com uso de liberadores Splat (“specialized pheromone and lure application technology”), aplicados com pistola manual a 500 pontos por hectare (2 g por ponto); e testemunha sem aplicação. O efeito da técnica sobre os adultos de C. gnidiella foi avaliado com uso de armadilha tipo Delta, iscada em um septo com 2 g de feromônio sintético da mesma formulação. Os danos nos cachos foram avaliados à colheita. O uso da técnica de confusão sexual reduziu a captura de adultos de C. gnidiella em mais de 59% na 'Tempranillo', 68% na 'Chenin Blanc', 80% na 'Cabernet Sauvignon' e 97% na 'Petit Verdot'. À época da colheita, os danos nos frutos foram reduzidos de 65 a 100% nas áreas tratadas. O feromônio sexual sintético é eficaz para reduzir o acasalamento de C. gnidiella em vinhedos, com o uso da técnica de confusão sexual.The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of mating disruption technique, with the synthetic sex pheromone compound (Z)‑11‑hexadecenal (Z11–16: Ald) at 1.8% and (Z)‑13‑octadecenal (Z13–18: Ald) at 1.8%, for controlling the honeydew moth, Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), population in grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars destined to wine production. The experiments were carried out in two locations in the region of São Francisco Valley, Brazil, in commercial production areas of grapes used for processing, with the cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Tempranillo, and Chenin Blanc. The evaluated treatments were: mating disruption using Splat (specialized pheromone and lure application technology) releasers, applied at 500 points per hectare (2 g per point); and a control without application. The effect of the technique was evaluated on adults of C. gnidiella using Delta type trap baited with 2 g of synthetic pheromone of the same formulation. The damage on grape clusters was evaluated at harvest. The use of mating disruption technique reduced the capture of adult C. gnidiella in more than 59% in 'Tempranillo', 68% in 'Chenin Blanc', 80% in 'Cabernet Sauvignon', and 97% in 'Petit Verdot'. At harvest, fruit damage was reduced from 65 to 100% in the treated areas. The synthetic sex pheromone is effective in reducing C. gnidiella mating in vineyards, using the mating disruption technique

EFEITOS DA PREMATURIDADE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL

Introduction: Prematurity, defined as birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation, is a condition that affects millions of babies around the world. Prematurity can result in a variety of medical complications and developmental delays that can have lasting, lifelong impacts and can occur for a variety of reasons, from complications during pregnancy to the mother's underlying medical conditions, genetic and environmental factors, becoming one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in many countries, representing a significant challenge for health systems and affected families. Objectives: Objectively describe the impacts caused by prematurity on child development and the biggest challenges faced as a result of this factor. Methodology: Research carried out between April and May 2024, based on an integrative review of scientific literature in the SciELo and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, using the descriptors: “Prematurity” and “Child development”. Results and discussion: Prematurity has several impacts on child development, from delays in neurological evolution, physical growth to respiratory, immunological and nutritional health. Children born prematurely are at greater risk of developing cognitive and motor delays, attention deficits, hyperactivity and learning difficulties throughout their lives, facing challenges related to physical health and well-being. Conclusion: Premature babies face a series of challenges from the moment of birth, where they often require intensive care to ensure their survival and promote adequate growth and development. Furthermore, throughout childhood, these children often require specialized medical and therapeutic support to monitor and intervene in possible health complications, such as chronic respiratory, visual and hearing problems. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure a sensitive and welcoming care environment, in addition to offering emotional support to parents, to promote the best possible development for these children. Introdução: A prematuridade, definida como o nascimento antes das 37 semanas completas de gestação, é uma condição que afeta milhões de bebês em todo o mundo. A prematuridade pode resultar em uma variedade de complicações médicas e atrasos no desenvolvimento, que podem ter impactos duradouros ao longo da vida, podendo ocorrer por uma variedade de razões, desde complicações durante a gravidez até condições médicas subjacentes da mãe, fatores genéticos e ambientais, se tornando uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade neonatais em muitos países, representando um desafio significativo para os sistemas de saúde e para as famílias afetadas. Objetivos: Descrever de forma objetiva quais os impactos causados pela prematuridade no desenvolvimento infantil e os maiores desafios enfrentados por consequência desse fator. Metodologia: Pesquisa realizada entre abril e maio do ano de 2024, com base em uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica nas bases de dados SciELo e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os descritores: "Prematuridade", "Manejo da prematuridade" e "Desafios da prematuridade". Resultados e discussão: A prematuridade acarreta diversos impactos no desenvolvimento infantil, desde atrasos na evolução neurológica, no crescimento físico até a saúde respiratória, imunológica e nutricional. Crianças nascidas prematuramente apresentam maior risco de desenvolver atraso cognitivo e motor, déficits de atenção, hiperatividade e dificuldades de aprendizagem ao longo da vida, enfrentando desafios relacionados à saúde física e ao bem-estar. Conclusão: Os prematuros enfrentam uma série de desafios desde o momento do nascimento, onde muitas vezes necessitam de cuidados intensivos para garantir sua sobrevivência e promover um crescimento e desenvolvimento adequado. Além disso, ao longo da infância, essas crianças frequentemente necessitam de acompanhamento médico e terapêutico especializado para monitoração e intervenção em possíveis complicações de saúde, como problemas respiratórios crônicos, visuais e auditivos. Assim, é crucial garantir um ambiente de cuidados sensível e acolhedor, além de oferecer apoio emocional aos pais, para promover o melhor desenvolvimento possível para essas crianças.&nbsp

The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna

Background: knowledge on synanthropic phlebotomines and their natural infection by Leishmania is necessary for the identification of potential areas for leishmaniasis occurrence. Objective: to analyse the occurrence of Phlebotominae in gallery forests and household units (HUs) in the city of Palmas and to determine the rate of natural infection by trypanosomatids. Methods: gallery forests and adjacent household areas were sampled on July (dry season) and November (rainy season) in 2014. The total sampling effort was 960 HP light traps and eight Shannon traps. Trypanosomatids were detected in Phlebotominae females through the amplification of the SSU rDNA region, and the positive samples were used in ITS1-PCR. Trypanosomatid species were identified using sequencing. Findings: a total of 1,527 sand flies representing 30 species were captured in which 949 (28 spp.) and 578 (22 spp.) were registered in July and November, respectively. In July, more specimens were captured in the gallery forests than in the HUs, and Nyssomyia whitmani was particularly frequent. In November, most of the specimens were found in the HUs, and again, Ny. whitmani was the predominant species. Lutzomyia longipalpis was commonly found in domestic areas, while Bichromomyia flaviscutellata was most frequent in gallery forests. Molecular analysis of 154 pools of females (752 specimens) identified Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Crithidia fasciculata in Ny. whitmani, as well as L. amazonensis in Lu. longipalpis, Trypanosoma sp. and L. amazonensis in Pintomyia christenseni, and L. amazonensis in both Psathyromyia hermanlenti and Evandromyia walkeri. Main conclusions: these results show the importance of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations in the dry month, as well as their frequent occurrence in household units in the rainy month. This is the first study to identify Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Crithidia species in Phlebotominae collected in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil

A genome survey of Moniliophthora perniciosa gives new insights into Witches' Broom Disease of cacao

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The basidiomycete fungus <it>Moniliophthora perniciosa </it>is the causal agent of Witches' Broom Disease (WBD) in cacao (<it>Theobroma cacao</it>). It is a hemibiotrophic pathogen that colonizes the apoplast of cacao's meristematic tissues as a biotrophic pathogen, switching to a saprotrophic lifestyle during later stages of infection. <it>M. perniciosa</it>, together with the related species <it>M. roreri</it>, are pathogens of aerial parts of the plant, an uncommon characteristic in the order Agaricales. A genome survey (1.9× coverage) of <it>M. perniciosa </it>was analyzed to evaluate the overall gene content of this phytopathogen.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Genes encoding proteins involved in retrotransposition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) resistance, drug efflux transport and cell wall degradation were identified. The great number of genes encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (1.15% of gene models) indicates that <it>M. perniciosa </it>has a great potential for detoxification, production of toxins and hormones; which may confer a high adaptive ability to the fungus. We have also discovered new genes encoding putative secreted polypeptides rich in cysteine, as well as genes related to methylotrophy and plant hormone biosynthesis (gibberellin and auxin). Analysis of gene families indicated that <it>M. perniciosa </it>have similar amounts of carboxylesterases and repertoires of plant cell wall degrading enzymes as other hemibiotrophic fungi. In addition, an approach for normalization of gene family data using incomplete genome data was developed and applied in <it>M. perniciosa </it>genome survey.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This genome survey gives an overview of the <it>M. perniciosa </it>genome, and reveals that a significant portion is involved in stress adaptation and plant necrosis, two necessary characteristics for a hemibiotrophic fungus to fulfill its infection cycle. Our analysis provides new evidence revealing potential adaptive traits that may play major roles in the mechanisms of pathogenicity in the <it>M. perniciosa</it>/cacao pathosystem.</p

ATLANTIC ‐ PRIMATES : a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co‐occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data.Fil: Culot, Laurence. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Pereira, Lucas Augusto. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Agostini, Ilaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; Argentina. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; ArgentinaFil: de Almeida, Marco Antônio Barreto. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Alves, Rafael Souza Cruz. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Baldovino, María Celia. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Di Bitetti, Mario Santiago. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Oklander, Luciana Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Holzmann, Ingrid. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Dums, Marcos. RUMO S.A. Licenciamento Ambiental; BrasilFil: Lombardi, Pryscilla Moura. RUMO S.A. Licenciamento Ambiental; BrasilFil: Bonikowski, Renata Twardowsky Ramalho. RUMO S.A. Licenciamento Ambiental; BrasilFil: Age, Stéfani Gabrieli. RUMO S.A. Licenciamento Ambiental; BrasilFil: Souza Alves, João Pedro. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Chagas, Renata. Universidade Federal da Paraíba; BrasilFil: da Cunha, Rogério Grassetto Teixeira. Universidade Federal de Alfenas; BrasilFil: Valença Montenegro, Monica Mafra. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservaçao de Primates Brasileiros; BrasilFil: Ludwig, Gabriela. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservaçao de Primates Brasileiros; BrasilFil: Jerusalinsky, Leandro. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservaçao de Primates Brasileiros; BrasilFil: Buss, Gerson. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservaçao de Primates Brasileiros; BrasilFil: de Azevedo, Renata Bocorny. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservaçao de Primates Brasileiros; BrasilFil: Filho, Roberio Freire. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Bufalo, Felipe. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Milhe, Louis. Université D'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse; FranciaFil: Santos, Mayara Mulato dos. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Sepulvida, Raíssa. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Ferraz, Daniel da Silva. Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Faria, Michel Barros. Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Ribeiro, Milton Cezar. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Galetti, Mauro. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi

Sugarcane (Saccharum X officinarum): A Reference Study for the Regulation of Genetically Modified Cultivars in Brazil

Global interest in sugarcane has increased significantly in recent years due to its economic impact on sustainable energy production. Sugarcane breeding and better agronomic practices have contributed to a huge increase in sugarcane yield in the last 30 years. Additional increases in sugarcane yield are expected to result from the use of biotechnology tools in the near future. Genetically modified (GM) sugarcane that incorporates genes to increase resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses could play a major role in achieving this goal. However, to bring GM sugarcane to the market, it is necessary to follow a regulatory process that will evaluate the environmental and health impacts of this crop. The regulatory review process is usually accomplished through a comparison of the biology and composition of the GM cultivar and a non-GM counterpart. This review intends to provide information on non-GM sugarcane biology, genetics, breeding, agronomic management, processing, products and byproducts, as well as the current technologies used to develop GM sugarcane, with the aim of assisting regulators in the decision-making process regarding the commercial release of GM sugarcane cultivars