A curiosidade denegada: quando a infância negligenciada favorece o risco ao abuso sexual

For this work, we adopted the analysis methodology based on a bibliography on child sexual abuse, a theme that contains within itself the ambivalence of being taboo and urgent. Taboo, for being prohibited and surrounded by secrets, discrimination, prejudice and urgent, since it is necessary to provide adequate spaces, ethical and scientifically supported, given the growing and accentuated occurrence of this mode of rape and violence against children. We aim to analyze the importance of Child Sexual Education, so that its work in school education is combined with a legitimate and socially responsible device as a contribution to the fight against child sexual abuse.Para el presente trabajo adoptamos la metodología de análisis basada en una bibliografía sobre abuso sexual infantil, tema que contiene en sí mismo la ambivalencia de ser tabú y urgente. Tabú, por estar prohibido y rodeado de secretos, discriminación, prejuicio y urgencia, ya que es necesario brindar espacios adecuados, éticos y sustentados científicamente, dada la creciente y acentuada ocurrencia de esta modalidad de violación y violencia contra los niños. Nuestro objetivo es analizar la importancia de la Educación Sexual Infantil y que su labor en la educación escolar se alíe como un dispositivo legítimo y socialmente responsable como un aporte a la lucha contra el abuso sexual infantil.Para o presente trabalho adotamos a metodologia de análise a partir de bibliografia sobre o abuso sexual infantil, tema que encerra em si mesmo a ambivalência de ser tabu e urgente. Tabu, por ser proibido e cercado de segredos, discriminação, preconceito e urgente, pois se faz necessária a disponibilização de espaços adequados, éticos e cientificamente respaldados, dada a crescente e acentuada ocorrência deste modo de violação e violência contra a infância. Temos por objetivo analisar a importância de uma Educação Sexual infantil e que, seu trabalho na educação escolar se alie como dispositivo legitimado e socialmente responsável como contribuição ao enfrentamento do abuso sexual infantil

Flood simulation with the RiverCure approach: the open dataset of the 2016 Águeda flood event

Floods are among the most common natural disasters responsible for severe damages and human losses. Numerically produced data, managed by user-friendly tools for geographically referenced data, have been adopted to increase preparedness and reduce vulnerabilities. This paper describes the locally sensed and numerically produced data that characterize a flood event that occurred in February 2016 in the Portuguese Águeda River, referred to as Agueda.2016Flood for short. The data were managed through the RiverCure portal, a collaborative web platform connected to a validated shallow-water model featuring modelled dynamic bed geometries and sediment transport. The dataset provides a synthesis of topo-bathymetric, hydrometric and numerically produced data from a calibrated hydrodynamic model. Due to the lack of measured hydrometric data near the city, the numerically produced data are crucial for a complete description of the flood event. The Agueda.2016Flood dataset constitutes a complete validation test for flood forecasting models and a tool to better mitigate floods in this river and in similar rivers. Thus, Agueda.2016Flood is a relevant dataset for Águeda River stakeholders as well as for the community of flood modellers, as it provides a well-documented validation event for forecasting tools. The dataset can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.937927473a3a4e66a07a2e2fdd9d581e (Ricardo et al., 2024).</p

Synthesis and biological evaluation of Amphotericin B formulations based on organic salts and ionic liquids against Leishmania infantum

Nowadays, organic salts and ionic liquids (OSILs) containing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are being explored as drug delivery systems in modern therapies (OSILs-API). In that sense, this work is focused on the development of novel OSILs-API based on amphotericin B through an innovative procedure and the evaluation of the respective biological activity against Leishmania infantum. Several ammonium, methylimidazolium, pyridinium and phosphonium organic cations combined with amphotericin B as anion were synthesized in moderate to high yields and high purities by the water-reduced buffer neutralization method. All prepared compounds were characterized to confirm the desired chemical structure and the specific optical rotation ([α]D25) was also determined. The biological assays performed on L. infantum promastigotes showed increased activity against this parasitic disease when compared with the starting chloride forms and amphotericin B alone, highlighting [P6,6,6,14][AmB] as the most promising formulation. Possible synergism in the antiprotozoal activity was also evaluated for [P6,6,6,14][AmB], since it was proven to be the compound with the highest toxicity. This work reported a simple synthetic method, which can be applied to prepare other organic salts based on molecules containing fragile chemical groups, demonstrating the potential of these OSILs-AmB as possible agents against leishmaniasis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photobiomodulation Therapy at 808 nm Does Not Improve Biceps Brachii Performance to Exhaustion and Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness in Young Adult Women: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effects of laser photobiomodulation (PBM) at 808 nm on biceps brachii performance to exhaustion, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in untrained young women.MethodsThirteen young women (20.1 ± 2.9 years) participated in a crossover study in which they received, in a counterbalanced manner, active and placebo laser PBM on two occasions (T1 and T2), separated by a 7-day washout period. During T1 and T2, participants received active (100 mW output power, irradiance of 35.7 W cm–2, and total energy of 28 J/arm) or placebo laser irradiation on the biceps brachii muscle at 20 min before the repetitions-to-failure test [six sets at 60% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) until failure] for elbow flexion exercise. The number of repetitions performed and RPE over the six sets, as well as DOMS from basal up to 72 h after the repetitions-to-failure test, were recorded.ResultsThere was a significant (time, p &lt; 0.05) reduction in the number of repetitions performed and an increase in RPE over six sets, with no statistical differences between placebo and active laser conditions (treatment × time, p &gt; 0.05). DOMS increased at 24 h postexercise and progressively returned to baseline after 72 h in both conditions (time, p &lt; 0.05; treatment × time, p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionOur results indicate that acute laser PBM at 808 nm does not improve biceps brachii performance to exhaustion, RPE, and DOMS in untrained women

Desempenho de uma população brasileira no teste de alfabetização funcional para adultos na área de saúde

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scoring obtained by an instrument, which evaluates the ability to read and understand items in the health care setting, according to education and age. METHODS: The short version of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults was administered to 312 healthy participants of different ages and years of schooling. The study was conducted between 2006 and 2007, in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. The test includes actual materials such as pill bottles and appointment slips and measures reading comprehension, assessing the ability to read and correctly pronounce a list of words and understand both prose passages and numerical information. Pearson partial correlations and a multiple regression model were used to verify the association between its scores and education and age. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 47.3 years(sd=16.8) and the mean education was 9.7 years(sd=5; range: 1 - 17). A total of 32.4% of the sample showed literacy/numeracy deficits, scoring in the inadequate and marginal functional health literacy ranges. Among the elderly (65 years or older) this rate increased to 51.6%. There was a positive correlation between schooling and scores (r=0.74; pOBJETIVO: Analizar los escores de instrumento que evalúa habilidad de lectura y comprensión de materiales del área de salud según escolaridad y edad. MÉTODOS: Fueron evaluados 312 participantes saludables de diferentes edades por medio de la versión reducida del instrumento Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults. El estudio fue realizado entre 2006 y 2007 en la ciudad de Sao Paulo (Sureste de Brasil). El instrumento incluye materiales como frascos de medicamentos y cartones de para marcar consultas, evaluando la comprensión de lectura y de conceptos numéricos. Las pruebas de correlación parcial y de Pearson y un modelo de regresión múltiple fueron usados para verificar la asociación entre los escores en el instrumento, escolaridad y edad. RESULTADOS: Los promedios de edad y de escolaridad de la muestra fueron respectivamente 47,3 (dp=16,8) y 9,7 (dp=5; de uno a 17 años de estudio). El total de 32,4% de la muestra mostraron déficit de alfabetización funcional/uso de conceptos numéricos en el área de salud, con desempeño inadecuado o limítrofe en el instrumento. Entre ancianos (65 años o más) esta tasa afectó 51,6%. Se encontró correlación positiva entre años de estudio y escores en el instrumento (r=0,740; p< 0,01) y correlación negativa entre edad y escores en el instrumento (r=-0,259; p< 0,01).La correlación entre escores en el instrumento y edad no fue significativa cuando los efectos de la escolaridad fueron controlados (r=-0,031, p=0,584). Una asociación significativa (B=3,877, Beta=0,733; p< 0,001) fue encontrada entre años de estudio y escores en el instrumento. La edad no fue una variable predictiva en el modelo (B=-0,035, Beta=-0,22; p=0,584). CONCLUSIONES: El instrumento es adecuado para evaluar la alfabetización funcional en salud en la población brasilera. El elevado número de individuos clasificados como analfabetos funcionales indica la importancia de adopción de medidas especiales para ayudar estos individuos a comprender correctamente las orientaciones para cuidados de salud.OBJETIVO: Analisar os escores de instrumento que avalia habilidade de leitura e compreensão de materiais da área da saúde segundo escolaridade e idade. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 312 participantes saudáveis de diferentes idades por meio da versão reduzida do instrumento Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults. O estudo foi realizado entre 2006 e 2007 na cidade de São Paulo (SP). O instrumento envolve materiais como frascos de medicamentos e cartões de agendamento de consultas, avaliando a compreensão de leitura e de conceitos numéricos. Os testes de correlação parcial e de Pearson e um modelo de regressão múltipla foram usados para verificar a associação entre os escores no instrumento, escolaridade e idade. RESULTADOS: As médias de idade e de escolaridade da amostra foram respectivamente 47,3 (dp=16,8 ) e 9,7 (dp=5; de um a 17 anos de estudo). O total de 32,4% da amostra mostraram déficits de alfabetização funcional/ uso de conceitos numéricos na área de saúde, com desempenho inadequado ou limítrofe no instrumento. Entre idosos (65 anos ou mais) esta taxa atingiu 51,6%. Encontrou-se correlação positiva entre anos de estudo e escores no instrumento (r=0,740;

Morphometric fingerprints and downslope evolution in bathymetric surveys: insights into morphodynamics of the Congo canyon-channel

Submarine canyons and channels are globally important pathways for sediment, organic carbon, nutrients and pollutants to the deep sea, and they form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth. However, studying these remote submarine systems comprehensively remains a challenge. In this study, we used the only complete-coverage and repeated bathymetric surveys yet for a very large submarine system, which is the Congo Fan off West Africa. Our aim is to understand channel-modifying features such as subaqueous landslides, meander-bend evolution, knickpoints and avulsions by analyzing their morphometric characteristics. We used a new approach to identify these channel-modifying features via morphometric fingerprints, which allows a systematic and efficient search in low-resolution bathymetry data. These observations have led us to identify three morphodynamic reaches within the Congo Canyon-Channel. The upper reach of the system is characterized by landslides that can locally block the channel, storing material for extended periods and re-excavating material through a new incised channel. The middle reach of the system is dominated by the sweep and swing of meander bends, although their importance depends on the channel’s age, and the time since the last up-channel avulsion. In the distal and youngest part of the system, an upstream migrating knickpoint is present, which causes multi-stage sediment transport and overspill through an underdeveloped channel with shallow depths. These findings complement previous less-detailed morphometric analyses of the Congo Canyon-Channel, offering a clearer understanding of how submarine canyon-channels can store sediment (due to channel-damming landslides, meander point bars, levee building due to overspill), re-excavate that sediment (via thalweg incision, meander propagation, knickpoint migration) and finally transport it to the deep sea. This improved understanding of the morphodynamics of the Congo Canyon-Channel may help to understand the evolution of other submarine canyon-channels, and assessment of hazards faced by seabed infrastructure such as telecommunication cables

Nurse performance in emergency regulation: a Scoping Review protocol

This is a Scoping Review structured according to the international PRISMA-ScR guide and the method proposed by the JBI Institute Reviewer's Manual (JBI, 2015), according to the theoretical framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). The research's guiding questions are: i.) What are the duties of the professional nurse as a member of the Emergency Regulation Center (CRU) in Brazil and around the world? ii.) Is there regulation of this activity in the professional field? and iii.) What differentiates the Brazilian context from the rest of the world? The aim is to identify the scientific evidence on the duties of the professional nurse as a member of the Emergency Regulation Center in Brazil and worldwide; and to summarize the implications of these duties for the autonomy of the nursing professional and for guaranteeing the effective implementation of the Nursing Process, in the whole context of emergency regulation and for advanced nursing practice