Cavity-aided quantum parameter estimation in a bosonic double-well Josephson junction

We describe an apparatus designed to make non-demolition measurements on a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a double-well optical cavity. This apparatus contains, as well as the bosonic gas and the trap, an optical cavity. We show how the interaction between the light and the atoms, under appropriate conditions, can allow for a weakly disturbing yet highly precise measurement of the population imbalance between the two wells and its variance. We show that the setting is well suited for the implementation of quantum-limited estimation strategies for the inference of the key parameters defining the evolution of the atomic system and based on measurements performed on the cavity field. This would enable {\it de facto} Hamiltonian diagnosis via a highly controllable quantum probe.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX4; Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Experimental distribution of entanglement with separable carriers

The key requirement for quantum networking is the distribution of entanglement between nodes. Surprisingly, entanglement can be generated across a network without direct transfer-or communication-of entanglement. In contrast to information gain, which cannot exceed the communicated information, the entanglement gain is bounded by the communicated quantum discord, a more general measure of quantum correlation that includes but is not limited to entanglement. Here, we experimentally entangle two communicating parties sharing three initially separable photonic qubits by exchange of a carrier photon that is unentangled with either party at all times. We show that distributing entanglement with separable carriers is resilient to noise and in some cases becomes the only way of distributing entanglement through noisy environments

Entanglement distribution and quantum discord

Establishing entanglement between distant parties is one of the most important problems of quantum technology, since long-distance entanglement is an essential part of such fundamental tasks as quantum cryptography or quantum teleportation. In this lecture we review basic properties of entanglement and quantum discord, and discuss recent results on entanglement distribution and the role of quantum discord therein. We also review entanglement distribution with separable states, and discuss important problems which still remain open. One such open problem is a possible advantage of indirect entanglement distribution, when compared to direct distribution protocols.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, contribution to "Lectures on general quantum correlations and their applications", edited by Felipe Fanchini, Diogo Soares-Pinto, and Gerardo Adess

Delphi initiative for early-onset colorectal cancer (DIRECt). International Management Guidelines.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (eoCRC) are managed according to guidelines that are not age-specific. A multidisciplinary international group (DIRECt), comprised of 69 experts, was convened to develop the first evidence-based consensus recommendations for eoCRC. METHODS: After reviewing the published literature, a Delphi methodology was employed to draft and respond to clinically relevant questions. Each statement underwent 3 rounds of voting and reached a consensus level of agreement of ≥80%. RESULTS: The DIRECt group produced 31 statements in 7 areas of interest: diagnosis, risk factors, genetics, pathology-oncology, endoscopy, therapy, and supportive care. There was strong consensus that all individuals younger than 50 should undergo CRC risk stratification and prompt symptom assessment. All newly diagnosed eoCRC patients should receive germline genetic testing, ideally before surgery. Based on current evidence, endoscopic, surgical, and oncologic treatment of eoCRC should not differ from later onset CRC, except for individuals with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants. The evidence on chemotherapy is not sufficient to recommend changes to established therapeutic protocols. Fertility preservation and sexual health are important to address in eoCRC survivors.The DIRECt group highlighted areas with knowledge gaps that should be prioritized in future research efforts, including age at first screening for the general population, use of fecal immunochemical tests, chemotherapy, endoscopic therapy, and post-treatment surveillance for eoCRC patients. CONCLUSIONS: The DIRECt group produced the first consensus recommendations on eoCRC. All statements should be considered together with the accompanying comments and literature reviews. We highlighted areas where research should be prioritized. These guidelines represent a useful tool for clinicians caring for patients with eoCRC

Delphi Initiative for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer (DIRECt) International Management Guidelines

Background & aims: Patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (eoCRC) are managed according to guidelines that are not age-specific. A multidisciplinary international group (DIRECt), composed of 69 experts, was convened to develop the first evidence-based consensus recommendations for eoCRC. Methods: After reviewing the published literature, a Delphi methodology was used to draft and respond to clinically relevant questions. Each statement underwent 3 rounds of voting and reached a consensus level of agreement of ≥80%. Results: The DIRECt group produced 31 statements in 7 areas of interest: diagnosis, risk factors, genetics, pathology-oncology, endoscopy, therapy, and supportive care. There was strong consensus that all individuals younger than 50 should undergo CRC risk stratification and prompt symptom assessment. All newly diagnosed eoCRC patients should receive germline genetic testing, ideally before surgery. On the basis of current evidence, endoscopic, surgical, and oncologic treatment of eoCRC should not differ from later-onset CRC, except for individuals with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants. The evidence on chemotherapy is not sufficient to recommend changes to established therapeutic protocols. Fertility preservation and sexual health are important to address in eoCRC survivors. The DIRECt group highlighted areas with knowledge gaps that should be prioritized in future research efforts, including age at first screening for the general population, use of fecal immunochemical tests, chemotherapy, endoscopic therapy, and post-treatment surveillance for eoCRC patients. Conclusions: The DIRECt group produced the first consensus recommendations on eoCRC. All statements should be considered together with the accompanying comments and literature reviews. We highlighted areas where research should be prioritized. These guidelines represent a useful tool for clinicians caring for patients with eoCRC

Qualità della visione e lenti intraoculari.

Scopo del lavoro. Comparare la qualità della visione in due gruppi di occhi pseudofachici con lente intraoculare asferica a superficie prolata anteriore Tecnis ZBC00 e lente intraoculare asferica a superficie prolata posteriore AcrySof SN60WF. Conclusioni. La funzionalità retinica è preservata con entrambe le lenti intraoculari, ma i nostri risultati dimostrano che le IOl Tecnis assicurano una migliore sensibilità al contrasto nei pazienti operati di catratta

Qualità della visione e lenti intraoculari: AcrySof SN60WF e Tecnis Z9000.

Obiettivo - Comparare la qualità della visione in occhi peudofachici con lente intraoculare (IOL) asferica (Tecnis Z9000) e IOL convenzionale sferica (Acrysof SN60WF). Materiali e metodi - 10 pazienti hanno ricevuto impianto unilaterale di Tecnis e 10 di Acrysof. Sono stati selezionati pazienti con lunghezza assiale >22 mm (formula SRK-T del biometro IOL Master, Zeiss) e potere della IOL compresa tra +10D e +3D. Dopo 8 settimane dalla chirurgia i pazienti hanno eseguito i seguenti esami: BCVA, PEV, microperimetria con MP-1, sensibilità al contrasto, aberrometria. Per l’analisi statistica è stato utilizzato il test t di Student, valori di p <0.05 sono stati considerati signifi cativi. Risultati - Non sono stati osservati risultati statisticamente signifi cativi tra le due IOL: BCVA 0.04 ± 0.07 logMAR Tecnis, 0.02 ± 0.07 logMAR Acrysof (p=0.52), PEV 45’ 8.91 ± 3.85 microVolt Tecnis, 8.39 ± 3.04 microVolt Acrysof (p=0.13), sensibilità retinica 17.95 ± 2.19 dB Tecnis, 17.65 ± 2.21 dB Acrysof (p=0.14), aberrazione sferica -0.005 ± 0.04 Tecnis, -0.007 ± 0.03 Acrysof (p=0.25). Conclusioni - La qualità della visione e la funzionalità retinica sono preservati con entrambi i tipi di IOL

Comparison of AcrySof SN60WF and Tecnis Z9000 Intraocular Lens in Cataract Surgery.

Purpose; To compare ocular performance and quality of vision in pseudophakic eyes with an aspherical intraocular lens (IOL) or a conventional spherical IOL. MthQ4s: 10 patients who had unilaterally implantation of the Tecnis Z9000 IOL and 10 patients who had unilaterally implantation of the Acrysof SN6OWF IOL were included in the trial. Eight weeks afler surgery, the following parameters were assessed: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual evoked potential (VEP), microperimetry, contrast sensitivity and aberrometry. Patients with IOL selections (using SRK!T- axial length> 22.0 mm) outside the range of +10.0 to +30.0 diopters (D) were excluded affer biometry using the lOLMaster (Zeiss). i{es!11frs: The mean best visual acuity (1ogMAR) was 0.04±0.07 in the Tecnis group and 0.02±0.07 in the Acrysof group (p=O,52). VEP in all spatial frequencies examined were not different between the 2 groups cosi come data obtained by microperimetry. Mesopic contrast sensitivity at high, intermediate and low spatial frequencies were not statistically different between groups. Spherical aberration (Tecnis 0,00 jim ± 0,05; Acrysof +0,15±0,07 tm) were significantly lower in patients with the TecnislOL than patients with acrysoflOL (p< 0,001 andpo,006). Conduskns Results show the Tecnis Z9000 IOL with a modified anterior aspheric surface induced significantly less higher-order aberration and spherical aberration compared with the Acrysof SN6OWF IOL