Epistemologi Pemikiran Mu'tazilah Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perkembangan Pemikiran Islam Di Indonesia

Mu'tazilah adalah salah satu aliran dalam teologi Islam, yang menggunakan pemikiran rasional untuk menjelaskan masalah ketuhanan. Secara epistemologi pemikiran rasional Mu'tazilah terpengaruh oleh pemikiran filsafat. Mu'tazilah menggunakan metoda berfikir filsafat untuk memnjelaskan dan menetapkan persolan Ketuhanan. Mu'tazilah berpandangan bahwa Tuhan telah memberikan kemerdekaan dan kebebasan bagi manusia dalam menentukan kehendak dan perbuatannya, karena Tuhan tidak absolute dalam kehendak-Nya, dan Tuhan mempunyai kewajiban berlaku adil, berkewajiban menempati janji, berkewajiban memberi rizki. Dalam hubungannya dengan perbuatan manusia , kehendak mutlak Tuhan jadi terbatas karena kebebasan itu telah diberikan kepada manusia dalam menentukan kemauan dan kehendaknya. Menurut mu'tazilah posisi manusia dalam tatanan alam semesta memiliki pandangan tersendiri. Manusia harus berhubngan dengan alam, dan tidak dapat menghindarkan diri dari ketentuan-ketentuan yang berlaku berdasarkan hukum alamiah. Jika dikaitkan dengan paham free will dan free act, sudah menjadi perdebatan panjang dikalangan teologi Islam. Penelitan ini ingin menemukan pemikiran rasional mu'tazilah yang tentunya berkaitan erat dengan beberapa permasalahan, yakni hakikat pemikiran rasionalis mu'tazilah dan cara mengemukakan pendapatnya, serta pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan pemikiran Islam yang tercermin pada pemikiran tokoh-tokoh Islam di Indonesia

Literature, Covid-19 and Human Greed: A Socialist Realism Analysis of Taufiq al-Hakim’s Short Story “Daulah al-‘As}a>fi>r”

The article aimed to discover whether the element of Taufiq al-Hakim's imagination regarding human greed had relevance to the social reality of society, or is it merely an expression of personal imagination that was not related to the social environment of society? To answer this problem, the researcher used the text analysis method with the main corpus of the short story “Daulah al-‘As}a>fi>r.” The theory used in analyzing this text was socialist realism assisted by a literary ecological approach. The analysis showed that Taufiq al-Hakim's imaginative criticism through his sparrow symbol against human greed had a close relevance to the phenomenon of contemporary human life today, like Covid-19 pandemic. Such pandemic was a natural reaction to human greed who had exploited fellow humans and their environment. It was also reinforced by the fact that all big and powerful countries in the world were overwhelmed to overcome Covid-19. This study recommended that humans should not be greedy, so that the balance of nature can be maintained properly

Konsep Sosial Politik Tan Malaka Dan Relevansinya Bagi Hak Asasi Manusia

This study aims to describe the socio-political thought of Tan Malaka related to human rights. This study is a qualitative research with a philosophical approach. This research data in the form of a data library that includes the concept of thinking about social and political life of Tan Malaka related to human rights of individuals and communities and the nation. The data is taken from the books as primary and secondary sources. The main data collection is done by reading, understanding and studying the books source. Data is analyzed by flow models adapted from Miles and Huberman (1984) by steps of data reduction, drawing conclusions, and verification until a final conclusion

TAN MALAKA DAN NILAI-NILAI HUMANISME SUATU TINJAUAN AKSIOLOGI

Penindasan Kolonialisme penjajahan terhadap rakyat Indonesia yang sangat memilukan disikapi Tan Malaka dengan mendidik dan mencerdaskan rakyat, serta menempatkan nasionalisme sebagai hal yang penting, untuk   perwujudan  kemerdekaan Indonesia.     Tan Malaka memiliki fikiran dan semangat yang tinggi, dan Ia berusaha merealisasikan pikirannya. Pandangan nasionalisme menyatukan kekuatan mayoritas Islam, yang tergabung dengan Sarekat Islam dan sosialis, untuk membentuk kekuatan revolusioner Tan Malaka menganggap kemerdekaan suatu nilai yang penting bagi Indonesia. Perkembangan suatu bangsa seiring dengan kemajuan illmu atau sains. Kalau Indonesia tidak merdeka, maka ilmu akan terbelenggu pula. Meskipun Indonesia terkaya di dunia, namum kalau sains dan teknologi tidak berkembang, maka ia akan menjadi budak sepanjangan sejarah, seperti yang dialami Indonesia selama 350 tahun.Tan Malaka menganggap kebersamaan mengandung nilai penting. Indonesia harus bekerja sama dengan semua negara di dunia untuk menciptakan masyarakat baru  berdasarkan kemerdekaan, kemakmuran dan persamaan sejati. Kemerdekaan merupakan kebebasan menentukan, mengolah, dan mengelola milik bangsa sendiri, dan bebas menjalankan kehidupan sendiri.bangsa Indonesia ini, Tan malaka memakai methode berfikir dialektika yang dilandasi logika dan ilmu pengetahuan.

ANALISIS PENGARUH INOVASI PRODUK,PERSEPSI HARGA DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN PRODUK YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN (Studi Kasus Atala Art Jepara)

Decrease in purchasing decisions on a product may cause a decrease in the value of its sale. The same thing happened at Atala Art, a company engaged in furniture and creative crafts in Jepara, Central Java, is experiencing a decline in product sales in recent years. Strategic steps need to be taken to overcome this phenomenon. The research was conducted by using independent variables including product innovation, price perception and product quality; intervening variable that is product trust and dependent variable that is purchasing decision. The data were collected on the sample using the questionnaire method. Data were analyzed by chi-square test method, descriptive three-box method and multiple linear regression analysis. The results stated that respondents, representing most consumers have income of 0-5 million rupiahs, work as self-employed and civil servants with age range 31-40 years. Consumer valuation on product innovation and product trust have high score 80,00% and 79,67% respectively compared to price perception (74,60%) and product quality (74,27%), purchase decision (74,27%) With the calculation of multiple linear regression, it can be concluded that product innovation, price perception and product quality have a significant influence on product trust, as well as product trust have a significant effect on purchasing decision

Taṭwīr Mawād al Tarākīb fī Kitāb al Lughah al `Arabiyah al Madrasīy Kurikulum 2013 bi Microsoft Powerpoint

The title of this research is the Development of Material structure in Arabic Textbook 2013 Curriculum year, with Microsoft Powerpoint. The researcher choises this title because she saw as who the students of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Banda Aceh, in practicing Arabic they did not pay attention to the correct language principles. Especially when they practiced Arabic sentences do not match verb and personal pronound be right. Were in this school the students really like learning by using media, this fhenomenals can be seen from the student questionnaire that they were very enthusiastic about learning by using Powerpoint. Therefore, the researcher wants to develop structural material using Powerpoint. The purpose of this research is to develop a product for the development of material structural and to determine the effectiveness of the material by using Power point, and to find out what the experts think about the development of by material structural using Powerpoint media. For data collection, the researcher used a pretest and postest question questionnaire and an expert observation sheet. The results of the research are that the use of Microsoft Powerpoint media in developing the material structure increases student ability in learning structure, so that the media is effective for teachers in increasing ability to learn it. Based on the results of the posttest average score (T-test 2,09 <7,1> 2,86.) this value shows that the development of material structure by using Powerpoint media at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Banda Aceh is effective and useful. As for the expert assessment, it shows that the product is accepted based on the expert observation value, namely 80% from expert I, and 75% from expert I

ORISINALITAS DAN KREATIVITAS DALAM KARYA SASTRA: Studi perbandingan antara novel Zaynab karya Haykal dengan roman Di Bawah Lindungan Ka’bah karya Hamka

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa Hamka adalah tokoh sastrawan yang memiliki orisinalitas dan kreativitas dan ia bukan seorang plagiator, sebagaimana yang dituduh oleh sebagian kritikus sastra Indonesia. Adapun beberapa sisi persamaan antara karya sastranya dengan karya sastra Arab modern dianggap sebagai bentuk inspirasi dan keterpengaruhannya dari karya-karya yang pernah dibaca sebelumnya. Pembuktian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sastra banding, yaitu membandingkan karya Buya Hamka yang berjudul Di Bawah Lindungan Ka’bah dengan karya Muhammad Husayn Haykal yang berjudul Zaynab. Dari perbandingan tersebut peneliti menemukan bahwa walaupun Hamka memiliki beberapa sisi persamaan dengan Haykal, namun Hamka tetap masih memiliki karakter khasnya yang membedakan karyanya dengan karya yang lain. Karakter khas inilah yang penulis sebut sebagai bentuk originalitas dan kreativitas karya sastra Hamka. Di antara karakter khas tersebut adalah latar sosial Minangkabau dan adat istiadatnya yang menjadi objek kritikannya. Sebagaimana Haykal, Hamka juga menjadikan karya sastra sebagai salah satu sarana untuk melakukan kritik sosial di masyarakatnya

Istikhdām Ṭarīqah Drill bi al- Ṣuwar al-Ṡābitah li Tarqiyah Qudrah al-Ṭalabah `alā Saiṭarah al-Mufradāt al-`Arabiyyah (Bahṡu Ijrāiī fi al-Madrasah al- Ṡānawiyyah Fajar Hidāyah bi Aceh Besar

Vocabulary is the most important element in learning Arabic. In teaching this lesson, teacher must use a suitable teaching methods and image media to achieve the goals of study, unless it will be failed. For instance, some second grade students of junior high school in Fajar Hidayah Islamic boarding school, they studied vocabulary but some of them could not apply in oral or written Ta'bir. The main problem is due to the teacher had not practice suitable methods yet in teaching vocabulary. In order to solve the problem, the researcher applied method driil and image media in teaching vocabulary to the students of junior high school in Fajar Hidayah Islamic boarding school. The purpose of this research is to know the student's response to vocabulary learning by applying drill methods and image media and the effectiveness of its application to improve the ability of students in the study of vocabulary. The used method was quasi experimental designs. The study population is all students of the junior high school Fajar Hidayah and samples are second graders amounting to 22 students. The results showed that students ' responses to vocabulary learning by applying drill methods and image media were very good and the implementation was effective to improve the students ' ability to control the mufradat in the integrated Islamic School of Dawn Hidayah, evidenced by the T-count value greater than T-table