Optimasi Cmc-na Dan Karbomer Sebagai Pengikat Pada Formula Pasta Gigi Triklosan Secara Sld

CMC-Na is a hydrogel binding agent that can absorb water and carbomer. This excipient is single phase system that does not absorb but swell in the water. Extrudability, cohesiveness, and the active substance dispersed well in the mouth is an important function of the binding agent. The purpose of this study is to find the optimum formula triclosan toothpaste with a combination CMC-Na and carbomer as a binding agent. The formula was obtained based on Design Expert® 9.0.3 was, F1 (5.50%:0.50%); F2 (4.75%:1.25%); F3 (4.75%:1.25%); F4 (5.50%:0.50%); F5 (4.00%:2.00%); F6 (4.38%:1.63%); F7 (4.00%:2.00%) and F8 (5.13%:0.88%). Viscosity, pH, and the level of preference considered to decide the optimum formula. The Equations was obtained based on experiments and theoretical verified using One Sample T-test at 95% confidence level. Based on Simplex Lattice Design equation, the proportion CMC-Na:carbomer is 5.35%:0.65% shown the optimum formula. Experimental and theoretical results have the same response (p>0.05). The combination of CMC-Na and carbomer affects the physical characteristics and level of preference, which increased pH, reduces viscosity and increase the level of preference

Perbandingan Penyembuhan Luka Terbuka Menggunakan Balutan Madu Atau Balutan Normal Salin-Povidone Iodine

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of honey dressing and normal salin-povidone iodine dressing in the open wound healing process at a hospital in Bukittinggi. This was a non-equivalent control group quasi experimental study with pre & post test. The samples of this study were 6 respondents (3 respondents in each intervention and control group). The finding from this study showed that there was no significant difference on the mean score of wound healing process before and after wound care intervention using honey dressing (P = 0.076), and normal saline-povidone iodine dressing (P = 0.057). There was also no significant difference on the mean score of wound healing process on traumatic open wound patient after intervention on the control group using normal saline-povidone iodine dressing and intervention group using honey dressing (P = 0,797) However, the wound healing score on the honey intervention group was 6,67% higher (11,52%) than on the wound using normal saline-povidone iodine dressing (4,85%). Unlike patients in the control group, patients using honey dressing were not complaining about pain and bleeding when change dressing. Therefore, the study recommended the honey application for open wound

Menakar Kembali Keberadaan Pidana Mati (suatu Pergeseran Paradigma Pemidanaan di Indonesia)

Hukuman mati dalam pandangan hukum Islam merupakan upaya terakhir atau jalan terakhir yang dapat dijatuhkan terhadap tindak pidana tertentu yang diklasifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana yang sangat serius atau berat, namun demikian, untuk pembunuhan berencana sekalipun penjatuhan pidana mati masih dapat dihindari bila ahli waris mau memaafkan perbuatan tersebut dengan atau tanpa diyat. Berbicara tentang pergeseran pandangan tentang pidana mati tak lepas dari fenomena adanya pergeseran paradigma pemidanaan secara umum. Bila memetakan keberadaan pidana mati di Indonesia, maka akan terlihat bahwa pidana mati yang ada saat ini hanya diberlakukan untuk beberapa tindak pidana saja. KUHP memang tidak mencantumkan dengan tegas dalam rumusannya mengenai tujuan dari dijatuhkannya suatu sanksi pidana. Namun dalam perjalanan sejarah pemidanaan yang berlaku di dunia selama ini pelaku menjadi pusat perhatian dari sistem pemidanaan yang ada

Restorative Justice in Indonesia: Traditional Value

“Restorative Justice” is a model approach which emerged in the 1960s in an effort to solve criminal cases. Unlike the approach used in conventional criminal justice system, this approach focuses on the direct participation of perpetrators, victims and society in the settlement process. This theory of the approach is still debated, but the view is in fact growing and it exercises a lot of influence on legal policies and practices in several countries. The UN through its basic principles considers the approach of restorative justice as the approach which could be used in the rational criminal justice system. Restorative justice is a concept of thinking that supports the development of the criminal justice system with emphasis on the required involvement of the community. It is also involving the casualties who with the current criminal justice system are excluded. In several countries, restorative justice has been translated into a variety of formulations to accommodate a variety of values, philosophical basis, terms, strategies, mechanisms, and programs. Good consultation with the perpetrators and the victims themselves may provide the public with a different mindset in preventing emerging problems. This process can involve the police, prosecutorial institution or the traditional institutions. Therefore, without excluding the work in the formal legal system, the institutional mechanism for resolution through consultation was working in the community. In the various principles and models of the restorative justice approach, the process of dialogue between the perpetrator and the victim is a fundamental and the also the most important part of the application of the restorative justice. The direct dialogue between the perpetrator and the victim gave the victim the opportunity to express what he/she felt, hope for human rights and the desire to reach a criminal settlement

Menelaah Arti Hak untuk Hidup sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia

Dasar dan keberadaan dari hak asasi manusia pada hakikatnya lahir untuk kepentingan manusia itu sendiri. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa setiap manusia diharapkan dapat menikmati hak asasi yang dimilikinya. Dengan demikian diharapkan manusia menjadi suatu pribadi yang utuh yang di dalam masyarakat tidak mudah larut atau hilang kepribadiannya atau jati dirinya. Manusia memiliki hak atas dirinya secara utuh lepas dari orang lain. Untuk itu dibutuhkan suatu jaminan atas hak-hak mendasar bagi manusia yang harus dipahami dan dihormati oleh setiap manusia, karena setiap orang di muka bumi ini membutuhkan hak-hak tersebut. Akan tetapi karena setiap masing-masing manusia mempunyai hak yang sama pula, dikhawatirkan masing-masing akan saling mengakui hak-haknya dan mengalami konflik kepentingan dengan manusia-manusia lainnya. Untuk mengatasi hal demikian, John Locke mempostulatkan bahwa untuk menghindari konflik kepentingan yang demikian atau ketidakpastian hidup atas hak-hak tersebut di alam ini, umat manusia telah mengambil bagian dalam suatu kontrak sosial atau suatu ikatan sukarela, yang dengan adanya hal itu maka penggunaan hak mereka yang tidak dapat dicabut itu diserahkan kepada penguasa negara

The Difference in Consumer Risk Perception Between Celebrity Endorser and Expert Endorser in College Advertisements

This research aims to examine the difference in consumer risk perception between celebrity and expert endorser in advertisement. We proposed two hypothesis, H1: There is a difference in consumer risk perception between an expert endorser and celebrityendorser in college advertisement. H2: There is a difference in consumer risk perception between an expert endorser and a celebrity endorser in college advertisement, which is moderated by the consumer product knowledge.Experimental design was employed in this study with Statistical Experimental-Completely Randomized Design. This was conducted on three groups to test H1 and six groups to test H2. To test H1, the participant of each group was given full color print ads using celebrity endorser, expert endorser and nonendorser in advertisement. We gofurther splitting each group with high and low consumer product knowledge to test H2.The participants of this research are 200 students of SMA 7 Semarang. We use One Way Anova to test H1 and two ways Anova to test H2. Our findings showed that there is a difference in consumer risk perception between an expert endorser and celebrity endorser in college advertisement. We also found that there is no differencein consumer risk perception between an expert endorser and a celebrity endorser in college's advertisement, which is moderated by the consumer product knowledge. We also found that there is difference in consumer's perceived performance risk, consumer'sperceived financial risk and consumer's social risk between an expert and celebrity endorser in College advertisement. On the other hand, we found there is no difference in consumer perceived psychological risk between an expert and celebrity endorser in College advertisement

THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE CHINESE ETHNIC RELIGION IN THE ORDE BARU PERIOD IN PADANG, INDONESIA

The Orde Baru carried out various restrictions and a number of attempts to eliminate the Chinese elements in the ethnic Chinese life through Presidential Instruction No. 14 of 1967, unfortunately, cannot be said to be successful. The ethnic Chinese of Padang during the Orde Baru made adjustments to the rules of the country at that time. In religious life, ethnic Chinese in Padang carry out various religious conversions for a variety of reasons, ranging from themselves, the school environment, colleagues and administrative matters. Padang with its long history as a multi-ethnic area has its own mechanism in maintaining the boundaries of tolerance between ethnic groups so that each has the opportunity to maintain the cultural values.  Article visualizations

Model Bimbingan Kelompok Berbasis Islami Untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Terhadap Peran Ganda Wanita

A positive attitude towards the dual role of women will build a tendency to run dual role of women in accordance with nature of woman. The result of the study at SMK Baitussalam Pekalongan shows that dual role of women material is given less so that so many girls who have negative attitude towards the dual role of women. The purpose of this study was to obtain the Islamic-based group counseling model that can improve the attitude towards the dual role of women in senior high school students. This study used Research and Development, with the result: Islamic-based group counseling model was proven effective in improving attitudes towards the dual role of women in senior high school students. It was visible from Wilcoxon statistical test that revealed a significant (probability <0.05). The development of Islamic-based group counseling model should be used as a model of service in helping students of SMK to improve their attitudes towards the dual role of wome