Reading acquisition: from digital screening to neurocognitive bases in a transparent orthography

155 p.El aprendizaje de la lectura es un área activa de investigación en la psicología y la neurociencia cognitiva. En las últimas décadas se ha avanzado enormemente en la comprensión de los procesos neurocognitivos subyacentes al aprendizaje de la lectura y a sus dificultades. Sin embargo, existen al menos dos dimensiones en las que es necesario seguir trabajando arduamente. Por un lado, el conocimiento actual sobre el aprendizaje de la lectura no ha impactado en las prácticas educativas. Por otro lado, la diversidad de las características del aprendizaje de la lectura en distintas ortografías no se comprende cabalmente. La presente tesis se enfoca en el estudio del aprendizaje de la lectura combinando estrategias de identificación oportuna de niños en riesgo lector en el contexto escolar, y estudios de laboratorio enfocados en comprender las bases neurocognitivas del aprendizaje de la lectura en una ortografía transparente como el español. Estos objetivos se lograron a través de un diseño longitudinal comenzando desde la educación inicial, siguiendo a un mismo grupo de aproximadamente 600 niños hasta segundo año de escuela. Los resultados muestran, por una parte, que es factible identificar a niños en riesgo lector incluso antes de la educación primaria, y, por otra parte, que el aprendizaje de la lectura en una ortografía transparente como el español tiene características comunes y características distintivas respecto a ortografías opacas. Estos resultados ponen en evidencia la factibilidad de la identificación oportuna de riesgo lector, y remarcan la importancia de considerar las características de la ortografía durante el aprendizaje de la lectura

Quantized evolution of the plasmonic response in a stretched nanorod

Quantum aspects, such as electron tunneling between closely separated metallic nanoparticles, are crucial for understanding the plasmonic response of nanoscale systems. We explore quantum effects on the response of the conductively coupled metallic nanoparticle dimer. This is realized by stretching a nanorod, which leads to the formation of a narrowing atomic contact between the two nanorod ends. Based on first-principles time-dependent density-functional-theory calculations, we find a discontinuous evolution of the plasmonic response as the nanorod is stretched. This is especially pronounced for the intensity of the main charge-transfer plasmon mode. We show the correlation between the observed discontinuities and the discrete nature of the conduction channels supported by the formed atomic-sized junction.Comment: Main text: 6 pages, 2 figures; Supplemental Material: 5 pages, 4 figure

Development of a strategy for the administration of praziquantel to the terrestrial edible snail Cornu aspersum parasitized by Brachylaima sp. metacercariae

Podeu consultar el llibre complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/12071

Antiguedades de Tarazona

Copia Digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 2022- L

Cronobiologia de la emisión de cercarias terrestres de la familia brachylaemidae (trematoda: digenea)

Tesi de Llicenciatura per a la obtenció del Grau de Farmàcia. Facultat de Farmàcia. Universitat de Barcelona. Director: S. Mas-Coma. 1980

Fast atom diffraction inside a molecular beam epitaxy chamber, a rich combination

Two aspects of the contribution of grazing incidence fast atom diffraction (GIFAD) to molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) are reviewed here: the ability of GIFAD to provide \emph{in-situ} a precise description of the atomic-scale surface topology, and its ability to follow larger-scale changes in surface roughness during layer-by-layer growth. Recent experimental and theoretical results obtained for the He atom beam incident along the highly corrugated $[ 1\bar{1}0 ]$ direction of the $\beta_{2}$(2$\times$4) reconstructed GaAs(001) surface are summarized and complemented by the measurements and calculations for the beam incidence along the weakly corrugated [010] direction where a periodicity twice smaller as expected is observed. The combination of the experiment, quantum scattering matrix calculations, and semiclassical analysis allows in this case to reveal structural characteristics of the surface. For the in situ measurements of GIFAD during molecular beam epitaxy of GaAs on GaAs surface we analyse the change in elastic and inelastic contributions in the scattered beam, and the variation of the diffraction pattern in polar angle scattering. This analysis outlines the robustness, the simplicity and the richness of the GIFAD as a technique to monitor the layer-by-layer epitaxial growth

Noves dades sobre trematodes digenis paràsits de petits mamífers (insectívors i rosegadors) al Delta de l'Ebre

L'estudi helmintològic de 2.068 hostes (509 insectívors i 1.559 rosegadors) capturats a 21 enclavaments del delta de l'Ebre ha permès trobar 9 espècies de trematodes digenis. Es discuteix la incidència de cada espècie parasita a cadascun dels petits mamífers analitzats: Crocidura russula (Hermann, 1780) (Insectivora: Soricidae), Rattus rattus Linnaeus, 1758, Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769, Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 (Rodentia: Muridae) i Arvicola sapidus (Miller, 1908) (Rodentia: Arvicolidae), així com els principals factors bioecològics que incideixen en la presència dels helmints als diferents hostes.The helminthological study of 2068 hosts (509 Insectivores and 1559 Rodents) coming from 21 sites of Ebro Delta (NE of the Iberian Peninsula) has provided the finding of 9 Digenetic Trematodes species. The incidence of the parasitic species in the analysed small mammals Crocidura russula (Hermann, 1780) (Insectivora: Soricidae), Rattus rattus Linnaeus, 1758, Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769, Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 (Rodentia: Muridae) and Arvicola sapidus (Miller, 1908) (Rodentia: Arvicolidae), and the influence of the main bioecological factors on the presence of Trematode species in the host are discussed

Comment on “Phase contribution of image potential on empty quantum well states in Pb islands on the Cu(111) surface”

1 página, 1 figura.-- PACS numbers: 68.37.Ef, 68.65.Fg, 73.21.FgThis work was partially funded by MCINN(FIS2010- 19609-C02-01) and G.V-UPV/EHU(IT-366-07).Peer reviewe

Mind the Orthography: Revisiting the Contribution of Prereading Phonological Awareness to Reading Acquisition

published Online First March 21, 2022.Reading acquisition is based on a set of preliteracy skills that lay the foundation for future reading abilities. Phonological awareness—the ability to identify and manipulate the sound units of oral language— has been reported to play a central role in reading acquisition. However, current evidence is mixed with respect to its universal contribution to reading acquisition across orthographies. This longitudinal study examines the development and contribution of phonological awareness to early reading skills in Spanish, a transparent orthography. The results of a comprehensive battery of phonological awareness skills in a large sample of children (Time 1 n = 616, 296 females, mean age 5.6, from middle to high socioeconomic backgrounds; Time 2 n = 397) with no reading experience at study onset suggest that the development of phonological awareness is delayed in Spanish. Furthermore, our results show that phonological awareness does not contribute to the prediction of reading acquisition above and beyond other preliteracy skills. Letter knowledge indexes children’s ability to identify phonemes and thus takes a more central role in the prediction of early reading skills. Therefore, we underscore the need to thoughtfully address the distinctive features of the reading acquisition process across orthographies, which should be taken into account in models of reading and learning to read.This project was funded by ANII FSED_2_2015_1_120741 and ANII FSED_2_2016_1_131230 Grants. Camila Zugarramurdi received a PhD Scholarship from Fundación Carolina