A low-cost phenological station as a support tool for viticulture

1CO.NA.VI. 2020 – 8° Convegno Nazionale di ViticolturaopenInternationalA new prototype of phenological station is presented. It is based on the Raspberry Pi zero W single board computer for collecting and sending images via WiFi, and on the Arduino MKR WAN 1300 microcontroller to measure both air temperature and relative humidity, leaf wetness, and for sending data through the LoRaWAN protocol (Long Range and Wide Area Network). The components are soldered on a customized printed circuit board (PCB), called Raspberrino. The device also consists of a realtime clock and power management board (Witty Pi 3 Mini) to schedule ON/OFF sequences with a simple script, and finally, as an option, a photovoltaic panel, battery and voltage regulator to provide autonomous power supply. Some parts have been obtained by 3D printing. The prototype has been installed in an experimental vineyard and has met the expectations and it will be used for the creation of an experimental network, that will provide data and images, useful for a proper vineyard’s management and for the implementation of phenology models. New technologies make it possible to create innovative tools in a short time and at low cost to match an increased need for precise crop management.openZorer, R.Zorer, R

Determination of optimum envelope of religious buildings in terms of thermal comfort and energy consumption: Mosque cases

Mosques are quite different from other building types in terms of occupant type and usage schedule. For this reason, they should be evaluated differently from other building types in terms of thermal comfort and energy consumption. It is difficult and probably not even necessary to create homogeneous thermal comfort in mosques’ entire usage area, which has large volumes and various areas for different activities. Nevertheless, energy consumption should be at a minimum level. In order to ensure that mosques are minimally affected by outdoor climatic changes, the improvement of the properties of the building envelope should have the highest priority. These optimal properties of the building envelope have to be in line with thermal comfort in mosques. The proposed method will be a guide for designers and occupants in the design process of new mosques or the use of existing mosques. The effect of the thermal properties of the building envelope on energy consumption was investigated to ensure optimum energy consumption together with an acceptable thermal comfort level. For this purpose, a parametric simulation study of the mosques was conducted by varying optical and thermal properties of the building envelope for a temperature humid climate zone. The simulation results were analyzed and evaluated according to current standards, and an appropriate envelope was determined. The results show that thermal insulation improvements in the roof dome of buildings with a large volume contributed more to energy savings than in walls and foundations. The use of double or triple glazing in transparent areas is an issue that should be considered together with the solar energy gain factor. Additionally, an increasing thickness of thermal insulation in the building envelope contributed positively to energy savings. However, the energy savings rate decreased after a certain thickness. The proposed building envelope achieved a 33% energy savings compared to the base scenario

Serebral Palsili Pediatrik Hastalarda Femoral Anteversiyon ve Femur Boyun-Şaft Açılarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Literatürün Tekrar Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Serebral palsi (SP), gelişimini tamamlamamış beyin hasarı sonucu oluşan kronik, sensorimotor bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada pediatrik SP’li hastalarda femoral anteversiyon (FA) ve femur boyun-şaft (FNS) açılarını değerlendirdik ve sağlıklı popülasyon ve hasta grubunun kendi içinde tutulum alt tiplerine ve Kaba Motor Fonksiyonel Sınıflandırma Sistemi’ne (GMFCS) göre bir fark olup olmadığını araştırdık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Spastik SP tanısı alan ve cerrahi uygulanan 30 hasta (20 kadın, 10 erkek; ortalama yaş 10 yıl 8 ay; dağılım 4-14 yıl) geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışmada 30 hastanın 51 kalçası incelendi. Otuz hastanın 11’i kuadriplejik, 10’u diplejik ve dokuzu hemiplejikti. GMFCS’ye göre II. düzeyde dokuz, III. düzeyde sekiz, IV. düzeyde altı ve düzey V’te yedi hasta bulunmaktaydı. Hasta ve kontrol grubunun bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntüleri hastanenin radyolojik dosyalarından değerlendirildi. Tüm hastaların FA ve FNS açıları ölçüldü ve elde edilen değerler karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: FNS açısı (p<0,05) ve FA açısı (p<0,05) hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha büyüktü. Kuadriplejik hastalarda FNS açısı (p<0,05) ve FA açısı (p<0,05) diplejik ve hemiplejik gruba göre anlamlı olarak daha büyüktü. FNS açısı (p<0,05) ve FA açısı (p<0,05), GMFCS seviye IV/V hastalarında, GMFCS seviye II/III hastalarına göre anlamlı olarak daha büyüktü. Sonuç: Kalçaya etki eden bazı kaslarda spastisite ve buna bağlı olarak kas gücünde dengesizlik nedeniyle SP’de normal popülasyona göre FA ve FNS açıları artar. Kuadriplejiklerde açılar diplejiklere ve hemiplejiklere göre belirgin olarak daha yüksektir, GMFCS seviye IV/V, GMFCS II/III’e göre daha yüksek açı değerlerine sahiptir

Recessão gengival em consequência do tratamento ortodôntico : revisão

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizA recessão gengival é comumente observada em ambiente clínico, tanto na população jovem como adulta e afeta, entre outros, o aspeto estético do sorriso. São vários os fatores envolvidos na sua etiologia, e sabe-se que o fator idade desempenha um papel importante. O movimento ortodôntico é obtido através do turn-over ósseo provocado por forças aplicadas sobre os dentes, de modo a movê-los dentro do seu osso alveolar. Os brackets e as bandas ortodônticas diminuem a eficácia da higiene oral e favorecem a acumulação de placa, influenciando a saúde periodontal. A inter-relação entre a movimentação dentária ortodôntica e a recessão gengival tem sido uma questão discutida na literatura periodontal e ortodôntica. O movimento dentário está relacionado com as interações dos dentes com os seus tecidos periodontais de suporte, podendo, um movimento dentário ortodôntico originar recessões gengivais. As expectativas estéticas por parte dos pacientes constituem um fator major que o ortodontista tem que ter em consideração quando elabora o plano de tratamento ortodôntico. Deste modo é fundamental o ortodontista saber identificar os pacientes com maior risco para o aparecimento de recessões gengivais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo, pela revisão da literatura, verificar se a movimentação ortodôntica pode desencadear a recessão gengival, e quais os fatores envolvidos neste processo.In the clinical practice, gingival recession is often observed in the younger as well as in the older generations and affects the esthetic appearance of the smile. There isn´t one specific factor or mechanisms known yet that causes it´s etiology but age might play an important role in it´s severity. The orthodontic tooth movement is accomplished by inducing a bone turn-over in order to move the teeth within the alveolus. Periodontal health is influenced by the orthodontic appliances, like the brackets and bands that hinder oral hygiene effectiveness and increase plaque accumulation. In the orthodontic and periodontic literature the interrelationship between the orthodontic tooth movement and gingival recession has been widely discussed. Orthodontic tooth movement is related to the interactions between the teeth and their periodontal support tissues so that the tooth movement outside of the limits of the alveolus bone might result in gingival recession. Nowadays, patients are more aware of their esthetic appearances and it plays a major role which can overrule the occlusal function. This has to be taken into consideration by the orthodontist when he elaborates the orthodontic treatment plan for the patient as well as identify which patients are more predisposed for developing gingival recession. This review examined the existing literature regarding the correlation between the orthodontic tooth movement and the appearance of gingival recession

Mapping of Aedes albopictus abundance at a local scale in Italy

Given the growing risk of arbovirus outbreaks in Europe, there is a clear need to better describe the distribution of invasive mosquito species such as Aedes albopictus. Current challenges consist in simulating Ae. albopictus abundance, rather than its presence, and mapping its simulated abundance at a local scale to better assess the transmission risk of mosquito-borne pathogens and optimize mosquito control strategy. During 2014–2015, we sampled adult mosquitoes using 72 BG-Sentinel traps per year in the provinces of Belluno and Trento, Italy. We found that the sum of Ae. albopictus females collected during eight trap nights from June to September was positively related to the mean temperature of the warmest quarter and the percentage of artificial areas in a 250 m buffer around the sampling locations. Maps of Ae. albopictus abundance simulated from the most parsimonious model in the study area showed the largest populations in highly artificial areas with the highest summer temperatures, but with a high uncertainty due to the variability of the trapping collections. Vector abundance maps at a local scale should be promoted to support stakeholders and policy-makers in optimizing vector surveillance and control

Effects of the weed density on grass yield of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in different row spacing applications

This study, in which the effects of different row spacing applications on weed density and on grass yield of Medicago sativa L. were investigated, was carried out in Van-Turkey from 2006 - 2008. Randomized blocks design was adopted with three replications. Row spacing applications of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 cm were tested. The alfalfa plant height, yield of green herbage yield, dry matter yield, crude protein rate and crude protein yield were investigated. In addition, the weed densities at different row spacing distances were determined. The highest plant heights were obtained in 40 cm row spacing application in the first year and in 20 cm row spacing application in the second year. The highest dry matter and crude protein yields were obtained in 20, 30 and 40 cm row spacings in the first year and in 20 cm row spacing applications in the second year. The most intense weed was Alopecurus myosuroides Huds in 2007 and Amaranthus retroflexus L. in 2008. The least weed density was found in 20 cm row spacing during all three before cutting periods in the first year of study and this was found in 30 cm row spacing application in first before cutting period and in 20 cm row spacing application in the second and third before cutting periods in the second year.Key words: Alfalfa, weed, row distance, yield

Grapevine physiological response to row orientation-induced spatial radiation and microclimate changes

Terroir factors and vineyard practices largely determine canopy and root system functioning. In this study, changes in soil conditions, multi-level (vertical, horizontal) light interception (quantitative, photographic, schematic, 3D modelled), leaf water potential and photosynthetic activity were measured during the grape ripening period on NS, EW, NE-SW, and NW-SE orientated (Southern Hemisphere) vertically trellised Shiraz grapevine canopies. It was hypothesised that the spatial radiation interception angle and radiation distribution of differently orientated and vertically trained grapevine rows would affect soil conditions and vine physiological activity. Soil water content showed an increase and soil temperature a decreasing gradient with soil depth. In the afternoon, soil layers of EW orientated rows reached their highest temperature. This, along with measured photosynthetic active radiation received by canopies, complimented the diurnally-captured photographic, constructed and 3D modelled images (also schematically) of canopy and soil exposure patterns. The top, bottom and outside of NS canopies mainly received radiation from directly above, from the E and the W; during midday, high radiation was only received from above. The EW rows received the highest radiation component from above and from the N. The NE-SW rows received high levels of radiation from above, from the SE until 10:00, and from the NW from 13:00. A similar profile can be described for NW-SE rows, but with high radiation received from the NE up to 13:00 and from the SW from 16:00. Overall, lowest leaf water potential occurred for NE-SW canopies, followed by those orientated NW-SE, NS and EW. Photosynthetic activity reflected the positive radiation impact of the sun azimuth during the grape ripening period; best overall performance seemed to occur for E and N exposed canopy sides. This was largely driven by the responsiveness of the secondary leaves to radiation. Photosynthetic output decreased from apical to basal canopy zones with low, erratic values in the light-limited canopy centre. The NS and EW orientated canopies generally showed the highest average photosynthesis, while it was lower for the sides facing S, SE and SW. The results provide a better understanding of the physiological functioning of horizontal and vertical leaf layers in differently orientated grapevine canopies, as affected by climatic conditions. The study contributes to the longstanding challenges of capturing the complexity of parallel microclimatic and physiological output of grapevine canopies under open field conditions. The results can be directly applied to the selection of vineyard practices and seasonal management to ensure the attainment of yield, grape composition and wine quality objectives

Role of Attachment Patterns and Partner Support in Postpartum Depression

The birth of a baby, representing an important transition period in the lives of women, causes various changes and also brings about a great number of psychological problems in their lives. Postpartum depression is a highly prevalent disorder and previous research reveals that it is associated with several factors. Among these factors, the importance of partner relationship is especially highlighted and the variables that may affect this relationship negatively are one of the most important risk factors. There-fore, in this review article, the role of adult romantic attachment patterns and partner support in postpartum depression is evaluated in the light of the relevant literature

Effects of Harvesting Stages and Additives on the Chemical Composition, Fermentation Quality and Relative Feed Value of Soybean Silages Varieties

In this study, the chemical composition, silage fermentation quality and relative feed value of soybean silages varieties, namely Adasoy (A), Derry (D) and Yeşilsoy (Y), with Pioneer11C33 (I), molasses (M) and cracked wheat (W) additives at the three harvesting stages, i.e., full flowering (R2), full pod (R4) and full seed (R6) stages, were determined. It was observed that the A and D varieties were the best silage materials for the production of good quality silage in terms of both nutrient contents such as DM and CP and fermentation criteria such as LA and BA concentrations during the R4 and R6 harvest periods. Molasses and cracked wheat additives significantly improved the fermentation qualities of all soybean varieties (P&lt;0.05), but the fermentation effect of the inoculant on silages was less than that of molasses and cracked wheat. The harvesting of soybean varieties in the full seed and applying molasses or cracked wheat as an additive optimally improves silage characteristics and results in well-preserved silage